{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204795182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","title":"Artificial Intelligence-Based Teacher Workforce Planning to Address the Shortage of Educators in Indonesia\u2019s 3T Regions: A Systematic Review","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence-Based Teacher Workforce Planning to Address the Shortage of Educators in Indonesia\u2019s 3T Regions: A Systematic Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204795182","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","pdf_url":"https://ejerp.id-sre.org/index.php/pjer/article/download/104/65","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044414","display_name":"PUSAKA Journal of Educational Review","issn_l":"3025-8251","issn":["3025-8251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PUSAKA: Journal of Educational Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ejerp.id-sre.org/index.php/pjer/article/download/104/65","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060074127","display_name":"Syafaat Ariful Huda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5319-115X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5319-115X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133421993","display_name":"State University of Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/01hgg7b81","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Syafa'at Ariful Huda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045897884","display_name":"Jaenudin Jaenudin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3588-7804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3588-7804","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8918-7227"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405276504","display_name":"Universitas Muhammadiyah Bekasi Karawang","ror":"https://ror.org/05k5eyd10","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405276504"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaenudin Jaenudin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Management, Muhammadiyah University of Bekasi Karawang, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Management, Muhammadiyah University of Bekasi Karawang, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405276504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049299661","display_name":"Alexius Dwi Widiatna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-9382","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1307-9382"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405274743","display_name":"STKIP Widya Yuwana","ror":"https://ror.org/028v8q442","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405274743"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexius Dwi Widiatna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Theology Education, STKIP Widya Yuwana, Madiun, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theology Education, STKIP Widya Yuwana, Madiun, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405274743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114178437","display_name":"Cynthia Mayang Sari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-4508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2426-4508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133421993","display_name":"State University of Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/01hgg7b81","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cynthia Mayang Sari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139645453","display_name":"Fawzul Arifin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133421993","display_name":"State University of Jakarta","ror":"https://ror.org/01hgg7b81","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fawzul Arifin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Management, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133421993"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"68","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13812","display_name":"AI and HR Technologies","score":0.05649999901652336,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13305","display_name":"Teacher Professional Development and Motivation","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-workforce-planning","display_name":"teacher workforce planning","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-shortage","display_name":"teacher shortage","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3t-regions","display_name":"3T regions","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-governance","display_name":"education governance","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predictive-analytics","display_name":"predictive analytics","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-data-integration","display_name":"educational data integration","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-inequality","display_name":"digital inequality","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-dependency","display_name":"algorithmic dependency","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-policy","display_name":"education policy","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indonesia","display_name":"Indonesia","score":0.5419999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.8323000073432922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155663085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056396","display_name":"Workforce planning","level":3,"score":0.7037000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.54830002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194051981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1337691","display_name":"Economic shortage","level":3,"score":0.5113000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189708586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504425","display_name":"Systematic review","level":3,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.4390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779968149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034851","display_name":"Workforce development","level":3,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777902257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038919","display_name":"Career Pathways","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188231857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2585724","display_name":"Educational assessment","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111366508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341291","display_name":"Educational leadership","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","pdf_url":"https://ejerp.id-sre.org/index.php/pjer/article/download/104/65","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044414","display_name":"PUSAKA Journal of Educational Review","issn_l":"3025-8251","issn":["3025-8251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PUSAKA: Journal of Educational Review","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56773/pjer.v4i1.104","pdf_url":"https://ejerp.id-sre.org/index.php/pjer/article/download/104/65","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407044414","display_name":"PUSAKA Journal of Educational Review","issn_l":"3025-8251","issn":["3025-8251"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PUSAKA: Journal of Educational Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5676000118255615},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5378999710083008}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review","display_name":"Systematic Review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204795182.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204795182.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088099657","https://openalex.org/W2301541738","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3180383314","https://openalex.org/W4256215449","https://openalex.org/W4318215259","https://openalex.org/W4324139657","https://openalex.org/W4406182099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7216213480","https://openalex.org/W7121616207","https://openalex.org/W7220905921","https://openalex.org/W4415780549","https://openalex.org/W7148807593","https://openalex.org/W4409461132","https://openalex.org/W4414147596","https://openalex.org/W7203632282","https://openalex.org/W7216222712","https://openalex.org/W4408011261"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Teacher":[0],"shortages":[1],"and":[2,13,32,54,81,88,102,118,133,157,181,186],"unequal":[3],"educator":[4],"distribution":[5],"remain":[6],"major":[7],"challenges":[8],"in":[9,49,57,136,189],"Indonesia\u2019s":[10,190],"disadvantaged,":[11],"frontier,":[12],"outermost":[14],"(3T)":[15],"regions.":[16,59,138,192],"Conventional":[17],"teacher":[18,51,127,178],"workforce":[19,52,128,179],"planning,":[20],"which":[21],"relies":[22],"on":[23,66],"administrative":[24],"reporting,":[25],"has":[26],"been":[27],"unable":[28],"to":[29,35],"provide":[30],"accurate":[31],"responsive":[33],"information":[34],"address":[36],"dynamic":[37],"educational":[38,55,89,130,143],"needs.":[39],"This":[40,160],"study":[41,161],"analyses":[42,107],"the":[43,67,99,124],"role":[44],"of":[45,75,126],"artificial":[46],"intelligence":[47],"(AI)":[48],"supporting":[50],"planning":[53,180],"governance":[56,120],"3T":[58,137,191],"A":[60,73],"Systematic":[61],"Literature":[62],"Review":[63],"(SLR)":[64],"based":[65],"PRISMA":[68],"2020":[69],"guidelines":[70],"was":[71],"conducted.":[72],"total":[74],"180":[76],"articles":[77,97],"published":[78],"between":[79],"2023":[80],"2025":[82],"were":[83,103],"identified":[84],"through":[85],"Google":[86],"Scholar":[87],"publications.":[90],"After":[91],"a":[92,168,173],"systematic":[93],"screening":[94],"process,":[95],"9":[96],"met":[98],"inclusion":[100],"criteria":[101],"analyzed":[104],"using":[105],"thematic":[106],"supported":[108],"by":[109],"NVivo":[110],"15.":[111],"The":[112],"findings":[113],"indicate":[114],"that":[115,163],"predictive":[116],"analytics":[117],"intelligent":[119],"systems":[121],"significantly":[122],"improve":[123],"accuracy":[125],"mapping,":[129],"data":[131],"integration,":[132],"policy":[134],"responsiveness":[135],"AI":[139,164],"also":[140,172],"promotes":[141],"data-driven":[142],"governance,":[144],"although":[145],"its":[146],"implementation":[147],"faces":[148],"challenges,":[149],"including":[150],"digital":[151],"inequality,":[152],"infrastructure":[153],"limitations,":[154],"algorithmic":[155],"dependency,":[156],"ethical":[158],"concerns.":[159],"confirms":[162],"is":[165],"not":[166],"only":[167],"learning":[169],"technology":[170],"but":[171],"strategic":[174],"instrument":[175],"for":[176],"strengthening":[177],"achieving":[182],"more":[183],"adaptive,":[184],"equitable,":[185],"sustainable":[187],"education":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}
