{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204773030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","title":"Enterprise Architecture for Maritime Security using the NATO Architecture Framework and the Key Performance Indicators concept","display_name":"Enterprise Architecture for Maritime Security using the NATO Architecture Framework and the Key Performance Indicators concept","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204773030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10078529/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10078529/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138237945","display_name":"Pedro Caetano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-4844","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-4844"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252674","display_name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjsdp58","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Caetano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136275886","display_name":"Anacleto Correia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-4310","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7248-4310"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252674","display_name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjsdp58","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anacleto Correia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138211411","display_name":"Rui Lampreia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-4320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3748-4320"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252674","display_name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjsdp58","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Lampreia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o Naval","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252674"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11572","display_name":"Information Technology Governance and Strategy","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12888","display_name":"Military Strategy and Technology","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enterprise-architecture","display_name":"enterprise architecture","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritime-security","display_name":"maritime security","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-performance-indicators","display_name":"key performance indicators","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamodel","display_name":"meta-model","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-measurement","display_name":"performance measurement","score":0.5460000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-alignment","display_name":"strategic alignment","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"benchmarking","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-reduction","display_name":"risk mitigation","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making","display_name":"decision-making","score":0.8069999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135510737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance indicator","level":2,"score":0.819599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.5993000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10590034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048431","display_name":"Enterprise architecture","level":3,"score":0.5595999956130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.557699978351593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5475999712944031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5218999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5016999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141571065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771949","display_name":"Performance measurement","level":2,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86610423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925081","display_name":"Metamodeling","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4287000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4226999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53619493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4787093","display_name":"Architecture framework","level":3,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85890633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929673","display_name":"Capability Maturity Model","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163352659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380367","display_name":"Enterprise architecture management","level":4,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27591593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4380897","display_name":"Enterprise architecture framework","level":4,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48461290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954385","display_name":"NIST Enterprise Architecture Model","level":5,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31139447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380386","display_name":"Enterprise information security architecture","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194167682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4787088","display_name":"Architecture domain","level":5,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161526643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738231","display_name":"The Open Group Architecture Framework","level":5,"score":0.2784000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778204415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16796341","display_name":"Maritime security","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60172848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7495506","display_name":"Sherwood Applied Business Security Architecture","level":5,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.257999986410141}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10078529/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10078529/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10078529/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204773030.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204773030.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008636137","https://openalex.org/W2106956101","https://openalex.org/W2155104740","https://openalex.org/W2726904498","https://openalex.org/W2753174125","https://openalex.org/W2769461434","https://openalex.org/W2784624666","https://openalex.org/W2885725628","https://openalex.org/W2905906936","https://openalex.org/W3182313926","https://openalex.org/W4246562710","https://openalex.org/W4292230765","https://openalex.org/W4312862313","https://openalex.org/W4313213586","https://openalex.org/W4317039806","https://openalex.org/W4389941528","https://openalex.org/W4394629210","https://openalex.org/W4399261688","https://openalex.org/W4401016804","https://openalex.org/W4403524352","https://openalex.org/W4408142479"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164005015","https://openalex.org/W3182313926","https://openalex.org/W2896125502","https://openalex.org/W2248882976","https://openalex.org/W2123251322","https://openalex.org/W2505954412","https://openalex.org/W2640655957","https://openalex.org/W4240628148","https://openalex.org/W7222605002","https://openalex.org/W4385872711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"NATO":[2],"Architecture":[3,15,42],"Framework":[4,16],"(NAF)":[5],"metamodel":[6],"incorporates":[7],"metrics,":[8],"measures,":[9],"and":[10,65,85,98,113,148],"indicators,":[11],"using":[12],"the":[13,26,74,93,116,137],"Unified":[14],"Domain":[17],"Metamodel":[18],"to":[19,62,82,104,114,121,131,140],"more":[20],"robustly":[21],"establish":[22],"measurement":[23],"goals.":[24,100],"However,":[25],"implementation":[27],"of":[28,48],"Key":[29],"Performance":[30],"Indicators":[31],"(KPI)":[32],"is":[33,136],"not":[34],"utilised":[35],"correctly,":[36],"unlike":[37],"in":[38],"some":[39],"current":[40],"Enterprise":[41],"Frameworks":[43],"(EAF).":[44],"A":[45],"well-designed":[46],"set":[47,54],"KPIs":[49,77,109],"integrated":[50],"into":[51,133],"NAF":[52,118],"could":[53],"clear":[55],"targets":[56],"for":[57,91,110],"collaborative":[58],"entities,":[59],"define":[60],"milestones":[61],"measure":[63,141],"progress,":[64],"generate":[66],"actionable":[67],"insights":[68],"that":[69],"facilitate":[70,146],"informed":[71],"decision-making":[72],"at":[73],"organisational":[75],"level.":[76],"can":[78],"also":[79],"be":[80],"linked":[81],"EA":[83,107,135],"artefacts":[84],"methodologies,":[86],"creating":[87],"a":[88,127],"robust":[89],"framework":[90],"evaluating":[92],"alignment":[94],"between":[95],"architectural":[96],"components":[97],"strategic":[99],"This":[101],"paper":[102],"aims":[103],"develop":[105],"an":[106,134],"with":[108],"maritime":[111],"security":[112],"validate":[115],"new":[117],"metamodel's":[119],"ability":[120],"incorporate":[122],"them.":[123],"In":[124],"this":[125],"sense,":[126],"suitable":[128],"KPI":[129],"formulation":[130],"integrate":[132],"best":[138],"way":[139],"goal":[142],"performance":[143],"over":[144],"time,":[145],"benchmarking,":[147],"mitigate":[149],"risk.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}
