{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204757249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","title":"Evaluating the influence of vaccine archetypes and epidemiological conditions on clinical trial metrics for tuberculosis vaccine candidates","display_name":"Evaluating the influence of vaccine archetypes and epidemiological conditions on clinical trial metrics for tuberculosis vaccine candidates","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204757249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42673713"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079007877","display_name":"Jason Randolph Andrews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5967-251X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5967-251X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["NL","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jason R. Andrews","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jandr@stanford.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jandr@stanford.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008329852","display_name":"Sabine Hermans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-2932","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-2932"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Hermans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115590860","display_name":"Richard G. White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-6635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-6635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard G. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070289351","display_name":"Alberto L. Garc\u00eda\u2010Basteiro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2038-5505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2038-5505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115082","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red","ror":"https://ror.org/02g87qh62","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801357902","https://openalex.org/I4210115082","https://openalex.org/I4387152914"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210115097","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona","ror":"https://ror.org/02a2kzf50","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210115097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118037","display_name":"Manhi\u00e7a Health Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0287jnj14","country_code":"MZ","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118037"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148332","display_name":"Barcelona Institute for Global Health","ror":"https://ror.org/03hjgt059","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148332","https://openalex.org/I4387153040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268343","display_name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Enfermedades Infecciosas","ror":"https://ror.org/00nd8zg79","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268343"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71999127","display_name":"Universitat de Barcelona","ror":"https://ror.org/021018s57","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}],"countries":["ES","MZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto L. Garc\u00eda-Basteiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a, Manhi\u00e7a, Mozambique; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ISGlobal, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a, Manhi\u00e7a, Mozambique; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ISGlobal, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210115082","https://openalex.org/I4210115097","https://openalex.org/I4210118037","https://openalex.org/I4210148332","https://openalex.org/I4405268343","https://openalex.org/I71999127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081836499","display_name":"J\u00falio Croda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-6825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-6825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122558511","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul","ror":"https://ror.org/0366d2847","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122558511"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52325","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/04jhswv08","country_code":"BR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52325"]}],"countries":["BR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julio Croda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil; Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Campo Grande, Brazil; Yale University School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122558511","https://openalex.org/I32971472","https://openalex.org/I52325"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025118287","display_name":"Frank G. J. Cobelens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-1133","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-1133"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802928900","display_name":"Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03t4gr691","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Frank Cobelens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: f.cobelens@aighd.org"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Global Health, Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Electronic address: f.cobelens@aighd.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":14,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025118287","https://openalex.org/A5079007877"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802928900","https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":{"value":3620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3620},"apc_paid":{"value":3620,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3620},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68909317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"91","issue":null,"first_page":"129097","last_page":"129097"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-vaccine","display_name":"tuberculosis vaccine","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-efficacy-estimation","display_name":"vaccine efficacy estimation","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annual-risk-of-infection","display_name":"annual risk of infection","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-power","display_name":"statistical power","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample-size","display_name":"sample size","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compartmental-model","display_name":"compartmental model","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-trial-design","display_name":"vaccine trial design","score":0.42899999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-transmission-settings","display_name":"high-transmission settings","score":0.597000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8335999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.7085999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.6743999719619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.6147000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779078216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7850848","display_name":"Tuberculosis vaccines","level":4,"score":0.5737000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778288313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798309","display_name":"BCG vaccine","level":3,"score":0.38600000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22070199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192995","display_name":"Vaccination","level":2,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778190748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7907956","display_name":"Vaccine trial","level":3,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502991105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133849","display_name":"Clinical research","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994161385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65089331","display_name":"Clinical epidemiology","level":3,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778933410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3553092","display_name":"Ebola vaccine","level":4,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000087507","descriptor_name":"Vaccine Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000087507","descriptor_name":"Vaccine Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000087507","descriptor_name":"Vaccine Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000087507","descriptor_name":"Vaccine Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000087507","descriptor_name":"Vaccine Efficacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002986","descriptor_name":"Clinical Trials as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009169","descriptor_name":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014376","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018401","descriptor_name":"Sample Size","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D032581","descriptor_name":"Tuberculosis Vaccines","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42673713","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42673713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk:4683342","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4410-6635>;","pdf_url":"https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4683342/1/Andrews-etal-2026-Evaluating-the-influence-of-vaccine-archetypes.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402527","display_name":"LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","host_organization_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13623288","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13623288/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13623288/pdf/nihms-2210352.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2026.129097","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S27359860","display_name":"Vaccine","issn_l":"0264-410X","issn":["0264-410X","1873-2518"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vaccine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7057884931564331}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1303243219","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INV-004737","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1311021887","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020/985800\\u20130","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","funder_display_name":"World Health Organization"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1365327442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GV673606227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1510993032","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R-202309-71190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1678426632","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01AI147321-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2003503971","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R-202309-71,190","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2041373822","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G-202303-69963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2045813245","display_name":"Improving scientific and public health decision making by developing technologies to increase use of robust methods to calibrate and analyse complex mathematical models","funder_award_id":"218261","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2223609549","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INV-035506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2409297916","display_name":"Infection prevention and control for drug-resistant tuberculosis in South Africa in the era of decentralised care: a whole systems approach","funder_award_id":"ES/P008011/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2660122252","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01AI147321-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3193499864","display_name":"Evaluating a new stool based qPCR for diagnosis of tuberculosis in children and people living with HIV","funder_award_id":"RIA2018D-2511","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3470180491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIA208D-2505B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3514876419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GV673606227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3567583227","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"218261/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3782388143","display_name":"Stichting Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development - to evaluate the extent to which Prevention of Mtb Infection is a surrogate for Prevention of TB Disease","funder_award_id":"INV-035506","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3786593795","display_name":"Defining drivers of TB transmission in the era of universal ART, and implications for finding the walking well","funder_award_id":"5r01ai147321-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G388548809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"310728/Z/24/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4050995190","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIA101249120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4060541036","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"218261/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4141407896","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"K24 AI182647","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4303542363","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GV673606227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319740","funder_display_name":"Good Ventures Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4367187193","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101,117,940","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4454553618","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIA101190731","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4672374498","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES/P008011/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4789575852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01AI147321-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G49588791","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES/P008011/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G510537663","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01AI147321-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5322665643","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIA208D-2505B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5697490169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G-202303-69,963","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5819011348","display_name":"Improving scientific and public health decision making by developing technologies to increase use of robust methods to calibrate and analyse complex mathematical models","funder_award_id":"218261/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5942839231","display_name":"Predicting the Future: Incipient Tuberculosis","funder_award_id":"RIA2018D-2509","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6137153663","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2025- I4242220\\u20130025486","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323739","funder_display_name":"Koning Boudewijnstichting"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6720494379","display_name":"Automated smartphone-based cough audio classification for rapid tuberculosis triage testing (Cough Audio triaGE for TB)","funder_award_id":"RIA2020I-3305","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7063735130","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EDCTP2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7071437352","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101001038","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7485403872","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"GV673606227","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315389","funder_display_name":"Open Philanthropy Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7552142375","display_name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - to support optimal funding and implementation of tuberculosis interventions coordinated through the tuberculosis modelling consortium (TB-MAC)","funder_award_id":"INV-004737","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7610024329","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"218261/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7634869945","display_name":"Creating evidence to support tuberculosis (TB) national and global decision- makers in reducing the global burden of TB","funder_award_id":"310728/Z/24/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7639799794","display_name":"Investigation of CXCR3 Chemokine System Gene Expression in Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Coeliac Disease (CD)","funder_award_id":"202309","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7948346201","display_name":"Mentoring patient-oriented translational research in tuberculosis","funder_award_id":"1k24ai182647-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7972582696","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"164\\u2013024781/0051","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F3201916419","funder_display_name":"BioNTech"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8057699476","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"218261/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8278091538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RIA208D-2505B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8432911371","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ES/P008011/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8482337451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020/985800-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","funder_display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8561732827","display_name":"Creating evidence to support tuberculosis (TB) national and global decision- makers in reducing the global burden of TB","funder_award_id":"310728","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000290115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R01AI147321\\u201301","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G927319347","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020/985800-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","funder_display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G996267264","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020/985800-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F3201916419","display_name":"BioNTech","ror":"https://ror.org/04fbd2g40"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306137","display_name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0456r8d26"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306563","display_name":"King Baudouin Foundation United States","ror":"https://ror.org/029jy7238"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307856","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310701","display_name":"Fundaci\u00f3 la Marat\u00f3 de TV3","ror":"https://ror.org/00t5xc355"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315389","display_name":"Open Philanthropy Project","ror":"https://ror.org/004d1k391"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319740","display_name":"Good Ventures Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01t5wp533"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323739","display_name":"Koning Boudewijnstichting","ror":"https://ror.org/02am44w88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338462","display_name":"European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership","ror":"https://ror.org/031jv9v19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510079413","https://openalex.org/W1601624331","https://openalex.org/W1753160975","https://openalex.org/W1995439825","https://openalex.org/W2058084360","https://openalex.org/W2072108792","https://openalex.org/W2080648186","https://openalex.org/W2099778380","https://openalex.org/W2121675152","https://openalex.org/W2125086684","https://openalex.org/W2135850285","https://openalex.org/W2140909669","https://openalex.org/W2789694355","https://openalex.org/W2796838788","https://openalex.org/W2982353502","https://openalex.org/W3013585362","https://openalex.org/W3041496827","https://openalex.org/W3093765125","https://openalex.org/W3113734454","https://openalex.org/W3139324678","https://openalex.org/W3190947740","https://openalex.org/W4280533096","https://openalex.org/W4280598057","https://openalex.org/W4291708333","https://openalex.org/W4313573180","https://openalex.org/W4324131102","https://openalex.org/W4382601679","https://openalex.org/W4385999523","https://openalex.org/W4403082523","https://openalex.org/W4403415961","https://openalex.org/W4410925263","https://openalex.org/W4411922270","https://openalex.org/W7134173653"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Conducting":[1],"tuberculosis":[2,51,61,69],"vaccine":[3,27,36,44,52,137,151,189,218],"trials":[4,58,158,270,286],"in":[5,11,19,91,196,260,282],"high-transmission":[6],"settings":[7,261],"offers":[8],"potential":[9],"gains":[10],"efficiency,":[12],"yet":[13],"the":[14,20,33,279],"impact":[15],"of":[16,22,35,43,59,68,125,136,159,173,278,291],"repeated":[17],"exposure":[18],"presence":[21],"incomplete":[23],"protection":[24,83,129,167,254],"on":[25,41],"measured":[26],"efficacy":[28,45,138,174,201],"is":[29],"uncertain.":[30],"We":[31,55,72,133],"evaluated":[32,90],"effect":[34],"characteristics":[37],"and":[38,46,139,153,194,257,294],"epidemiological":[39,176],"context":[40],"estimates":[42,135,172],"requisite":[47],"sample":[48,147,280],"size":[49,148,281],"for":[50,149,186],"trials.":[53],"METHODS:":[54],"simulated":[56],"clinical":[57],"hypothetical":[60],"vaccines":[62,74,160,251],"using":[63],"a":[64,187,276,289],"stochastic":[65],"compartmental":[66],"model":[67],"natural":[70],"history.":[71],"considered":[73],"that":[75,88],"confer":[76],"\"leaky\"":[77],"(50%":[78],"per-exposure":[79],"reduction)":[80],"versus":[81],"\"all-or-none\"":[82],"against":[84,130,162,168,191,255],"infection":[85,126,131,193,223,256],"and/or":[86],"disease":[87,195,258],"were":[89],"QuantiFERON":[92],"Gold":[93],"Plus":[94],"(QFT)":[95],"positive,":[96],"negative":[97,198,293],"or":[98,115,165,180],"mixed":[99],"populations":[100],"with":[101,166,241,262,275],"2%":[102],"(medium":[103],"burden;":[104,111,119],"incidence":[105],"400":[106],"per":[107,113,121],"100,000),":[108],"5%":[109],"(high":[110],"800":[112],"100,000)":[114,122],"50%":[116,227],"(very":[117],"high":[118,212,234,264],"4500":[120],"annual":[123],"risk":[124],"(ARI),":[127],"including":[128],"alone.":[132],"compared":[134],"statistical":[140],"power":[141,240],"to":[142,146,208,228],"detect":[143],"differences":[144],"according":[145],"each":[150],"archetype":[152],"epidemiologic":[154],"setting.":[155],"FINDINGS:":[156],"Simulated":[157],"protecting":[161,190],"disease,":[163],"alone":[164],"infection,":[169],"gave":[170],"comparable":[171],"across":[175],"settings,":[177],"whether":[178],"all-or-none":[179],"leaky.":[181],"The":[182],"largest":[183],"reduction":[184,215],"was":[185],"leaky":[188,253],"both":[192],"QFT":[197,292],"participants,":[199],"whose":[200],"fell":[202,224],"from":[203,226],"75%":[204],"at":[205,210,232,246],"medium":[206,247],"ARI":[207,213,235,265],"67%":[209],"very":[211,233,263],"(relative":[214],"11%).":[216],"A":[217],"acting":[219],"only":[220],"by":[221],"preventing":[222],"further,":[225],"36%":[229],"(28%).":[230],"Trials":[231],"could":[236,266,271,287],"nonetheless":[237],"achieve":[238],"90%":[239],"80-96%":[242],"fewer":[243],"participants":[244],"than":[245],"ARI.":[248],"INTERPRETATION:":[249],"While":[250],"conferring":[252],"tested":[259],"modestly":[267],"underestimate":[268],"efficacy,":[269],"be":[272],"adequately":[273],"powered":[274],"fraction":[277],"such":[283],"settings.":[284],"Further,":[285],"enroll":[288],"mixture":[290],"positive":[295],"individuals,":[296],"increasing":[297],"generalizability.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}