{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204741874","doi":null,"title":"A Baseline Assessment of Socioeconomic Conditions and Production Systems of Rice Farming Households in Selected Regions in Tanzania","display_name":"A Baseline Assessment of Socioeconomic Conditions and Production Systems of Rice Farming Households in Selected Regions in Tanzania","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204741874"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/185227","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/185227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Revicoy, R., Pascual, F., Malana, X., Batin, C., Villanueva, D., Dela Rueda, J., Kangile, J., Bilaro, A., Mwakasendo, J., Tippe, D. (2026). A Baseline Assessment of Socioeconomic Conditions and Production Systems of Rice Farming Households in Selected Regions in Tanzania. International Rice Research Institute, Los Ba\u00f1os, Philipines. 96 p.","raw_type":"Report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/185227","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5145225119","display_name":"Riela Rose R. Revicoy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Revicoy, Riela Rose R.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5145467011","display_name":"Franz Josef E. Pascual","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascual, Franz Josef E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144694644","display_name":"Xyla Mae L. Malana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malana, Xyla Mae L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020817775","display_name":"Cynthia Jean Batin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Batin, Cynthia Jean G.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076474052","display_name":"Donald Villanueva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-0727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-0727"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Villanueva, Donald B.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5144700929","display_name":"Justin B. Dela Rueda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dela Rueda, Justin B.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028803620","display_name":"Joseph Rajabu Kangile","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-7507","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0671-7507"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangile, Joseph Rajabu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058799417","display_name":"Atugonza Luta Bilaro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-093X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2160-093X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilaro, Atugonza","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078934775","display_name":"Juliana Andagile Mwakasendo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mwakasendo, Juliana A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066577283","display_name":"Dennis E. Tippe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tippe, Dennis E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8726000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8726000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12045","display_name":"Rice Cultivation and Yield Improvement","score":0.11469999700784683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13478","display_name":"Agricultural Development and Management","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rice-farming-households","display_name":"rice farming households","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smallholder-farmers","display_name":"smallholder farmers","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socio-economic-conditions","display_name":"socioeconomic conditions","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfed-rice","display_name":"rainfed rice","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-risk","display_name":"climate risk","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought","display_name":"drought","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floods","display_name":"floods","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-systems","display_name":"seed systems","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varietal-preference","display_name":"varietal preference","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-management","display_name":"crop management","score":0.6119999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender","display_name":"gender","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irrigation-infrastructure","display_name":"irrigation infrastructure","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mbeya-region","display_name":"Mbeya region","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"food security","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-burden","display_name":"labor burden","score":0.3930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3987366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6658164","display_name":"Livelihood","level":3,"score":0.6833999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C549605437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911","display_name":"Food security","level":3,"score":0.5888000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.4749000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48824518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396340","display_name":"Agricultural economics","level":1,"score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87616379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2477868","display_name":"International development","level":2,"score":0.4207000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71750763","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646164","display_name":"General partnership","level":2,"score":0.41940000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779357621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655495","display_name":"Tanzania","level":2,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.40450000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777802595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863133","display_name":"Crop insurance","level":3,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128383755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816336","display_name":"Agricultural productivity","level":3,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.35249999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780892066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591167","display_name":"Household income","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156005406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2787508","display_name":"Subsistence agriculture","level":3,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140988679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140444","display_name":"Participatory action research","level":2,"score":0.3001999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20555606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868575","display_name":"Empowerment","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779622097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417724","display_name":"Capacity building","level":2,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779507241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17072637","display_name":"Climate resilience","level":3,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777481183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770787","display_name":"Market access","level":3,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/185227","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/185227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Revicoy, R., Pascual, F., Malana, X., Batin, C., Villanueva, D., Dela Rueda, J., Kangile, J., Bilaro, A., Mwakasendo, J., Tippe, D. (2026). A Baseline Assessment of Socioeconomic Conditions and Production Systems of Rice Farming Households in Selected Regions in Tanzania. International Rice Research Institute, Los Ba\u00f1os, Philipines. 96 p.","raw_type":"Report"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cgspace.cgiar.org:10568/185227","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10568/185227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402055","display_name":"CGSPace A Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1286583668","host_organization_name":"CGIAR","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286583668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Revicoy, R., Pascual, F., Malana, X., Batin, C., Villanueva, D., Dela Rueda, J., Kangile, J., Bilaro, A., Mwakasendo, J., Tippe, D. (2026). A Baseline Assessment of Socioeconomic Conditions and Production Systems of Rice Farming Households in Selected Regions in Tanzania. International Rice Research Institute, Los Ba\u00f1os, Philipines. 96 p.","raw_type":"Report"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.991100013256073},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.5351999998092651},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7204739775","https://openalex.org/W6911129196","https://openalex.org/W7204274247","https://openalex.org/W2940730810","https://openalex.org/W2145494515","https://openalex.org/W7127917508","https://openalex.org/W7208778620","https://openalex.org/W4319981570","https://openalex.org/W3094569990","https://openalex.org/W4413990240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Executive":[0],"Summary":[1],"Tanzania\u2019s":[2],"rice":[3,63,295],"sector":[4],"is":[5],"central":[6],"to":[7,19,68,81,112,138,181,196,342,354,423,468,505,528],"rural":[8],"livelihoods":[9],"and":[10,26,35,78,95,119,125,134,151,170,178,185,206,209,226,241,272,345,352,360,370,388,393,416,428,438,459,478,488,499,510,531],"national":[11],"food":[12],"security":[13],"but":[14,291],"faces":[15],"persistent":[16],"challenges":[17],"related":[18,120],"limited":[20,152,436],"irrigation":[21],"infrastructure,":[22],"low":[23,286],"input":[24,73,394],"use,":[25],"increasing":[27],"climate":[28,53,148,355],"risks":[29,356],"such":[30,59,142,357],"as":[31,60,143,237,243,327,358],"erratic":[32],"rainfall,":[33],"drought,":[34,361],"pest":[36],"pressure.":[37],"These":[38,465],"constraints":[39],"suppress":[40],"productivity,":[41],"particularly":[42,475],"among":[43],"smallholder":[44,114],"farmers":[45,115,280,412,434],"who":[46],"rely":[47],"heavily":[48],"on":[49,379],"rainfed":[50,351],"systems.":[51],"Strengthening":[52],"smart,":[54],"resource-efficient":[55],"crop":[56,203],"establishment":[57,392],"methods,":[58],"mechanized":[61,212,443],"direct-seeded":[62],"(DSR),":[64],"offers":[65],"an":[66],"opportunity":[67],"reduce":[69,429],"labor":[70,144],"burden,":[71],"improve":[72],"efficiency,":[74],"enable":[75],"water":[76,146,460],"savings,":[77],"enhance":[79,511],"resilience":[80],"weather":[82],"shocks.":[83],"The":[84,127,218],"ScaleDirect":[85],"Project,":[86],"funded":[87],"by":[88,97],"the":[89,98,224,313,469],"U.S.":[90],"Agency":[91],"for":[92,316,471],"International":[93,99],"Development":[94],"implemented":[96],"Rice":[100,310],"Research":[101],"Institute":[102],"(IRRI)":[103],"in":[104,116,162,294,303,332,338,402,409,481,485],"partnership":[105],"with":[106,214,285,399],"Bayer":[107],"Crop":[108,391],"Science":[109],"Ltd.,":[110],"aims":[111],"support":[113,346,462],"adopting":[117],"DSR":[118,404,451,509],"climate-smart":[121],"solutions":[122],"across":[123,223],"Asia":[124],"Africa.":[126],"Project":[128],"advances":[129],"innovative":[130],"tools,":[131,166],"targeted":[132],"agronomy,":[133],"market-aligned":[135],"germplasm":[136],"development":[137],"address":[139],"systemic":[140],"issues":[141],"shortages,":[145],"scarcity,":[147],"risk":[149],"exposure,":[150],"seed":[153,167,368,494],"system":[154,168],"integration.":[155],"Four":[156],"interlinked":[157],"work":[158],"packages":[159],"drive":[160],"activities":[161,480],"product":[163],"development,":[164,198],"digital":[165],"strengthening,":[169],"evidence":[171],"generation.":[172],"This":[173],"baseline":[174],"assessment":[175],"established":[176],"household-":[177],"farm-level":[179],"indicators":[180],"inform":[182],"project":[183],"design":[184],"future":[186],"impact":[187],"evaluation.":[188],"It":[189],"documents":[190],"socioeconomic":[191],"profiles,":[192],"organizational":[193],"participation,":[194],"access":[195,341,487,527],"capacity":[197,473],"farm":[199,513],"characteristics,":[200],"varietal":[201,373],"preferences,":[202],"management":[204,461,502],"practices,":[205],"knowledge,":[207,529],"attitudes,":[208],"perceptions":[210,419,441],"toward":[211],"DSR,":[213],"gender":[215],"integration":[216],"throughout.":[217],"survey":[219],"covered":[220],"614":[221],"households":[222],"Mbeya":[225,308,384],"Katavi":[227,304,375,433],"regions.":[228],"Within":[229],"each":[230],"region,":[231],"one":[232],"district":[233],"was":[234,253,312,406],"purposively":[235],"designated":[236],"a":[238,244,248,256,263],"treatment":[239],"site":[240],"another":[242],"control":[245],"site,":[246],"following":[247],"multistage":[249],"sampling":[250],"design.":[251],"Data":[252],"collected":[254],"using":[255],"semi-structured":[257],"questionnaire":[258],"administered":[259],"through":[260,518],"Survey":[261],"Solutions,":[262],"computer-assisted":[264],"personal":[265],"interviewing":[266],"(CAPI)":[267],"platform":[268],"that":[269,279],"facilitates":[270],"efficient":[271],"accurate":[273],"field":[274],"data":[275],"collection.":[276],"Findings":[277],"highlight":[278],"were":[281,301,350],"predominantly":[282],"male":[283],"(75%),":[284],"formal":[287],"schooling":[288],"(eight":[289],"years)":[290],"long":[292],"experience":[293],"farming":[296],"(19":[297],"years).":[298],"Household":[299],"sizes":[300],"larger":[302],"(10":[305],"members)":[306],"than":[307],"(6).":[309],"production":[311],"primary":[314],"livelihood":[315],"100%":[317],"of":[318,420,442,508],"surveyed":[319],"households,":[320],"while":[321,383],"73%":[322],"also":[323],"cultivate":[324],"non-rice":[325],"crops":[326],"supplementary":[328],"income":[329],"sources.":[330],"Participation":[331],"community":[333],"organizations":[334],"remains":[335,452],"limited,":[336],"especially":[337,517],"Katavi,":[339,482],"constraining":[340],"information":[343],"networks":[344],"services.":[347],"Most":[348],"farms":[349],"exposed":[353],"flooding":[359],"reinforcing":[362],"farmers\u2019":[363],"vulnerability.":[364],"Farmers":[365],"sourced":[366],"most":[367],"informally":[369],"showed":[371,435],"varied":[372],"preferences:":[374],"placed":[376],"higher":[377,408,449],"value":[378],"grain":[380],"processing":[381],"traits":[382],"prioritized":[385],"eating":[386],"quality":[387],"drought":[389],"tolerance.":[390],"application":[395],"remained":[396],"largely":[397,439],"manual,":[398],"mechanization":[400,486],"concentrated":[401],"Mbeya.":[403],"adoption":[405],"significantly":[407],"Mbeya,":[410],"where":[411,454],"demonstrated":[413],"greater":[414],"awareness":[415,437,479],"generally":[417],"positive":[418],"its":[421],"potential":[422],"save":[424],"labor,":[425],"raise":[426],"yields,":[427],"costs.":[430],"In":[431],"contrast,":[432],"neutral":[440],"DSR.":[444],"While":[445],"transplanting":[446],"currently":[447],"delivered":[448],"incomes,":[450],"promising":[453],"adequate":[455],"weed,":[456],"land":[457],"leveling,":[458],"are":[463,503],"available.":[464],"results":[466],"point":[467],"need":[470],"tailored":[472],"building,":[474],"community-level":[476],"training":[477],"alongside":[483],"investments":[484],"service":[489],"provision.":[490],"Supporting":[491],"locally":[492],"adapted":[493],"systems,":[495],"strengthening":[496],"farmer":[497],"networks,":[498],"improving":[500],"climate-risk":[501],"critical":[504],"foster":[506],"uptake":[507],"long-term":[512],"performance.":[514],"Continued":[515],"engagement,":[516],"gender-responsive":[519],"approaches,":[520],"will":[521],"help":[522],"ensure":[523],"women":[524],"gain":[525],"equitable":[526],"decision-making,":[530],"DSR-related":[532],"opportunities.":[533]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-08-31T00:00:00"}