{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204708116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","title":"Procedural Animation and Inverse Kinematics in Game Development: A Narrative Review","display_name":"Procedural Animation and Inverse Kinematics in Game Development: A Narrative Review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204708116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22172728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204708116"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120933120","display_name":"Zen Revista","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124990","display_name":"Faculdades Guarulhos","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6maw65","country_code":"BR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124990"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Revista, Zen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Guarulhos (FG)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Guarulhos (FG)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148623169","display_name":"10 GAME","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124990","display_name":"Faculdades Guarulhos","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6maw65","country_code":"BR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124990"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GAME, 10","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculdade de Guarulhos (FG)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6299-2008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculdade de Guarulhos (FG)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124990"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124990"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/procedural-animation","display_name":"procedural animation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse-kinematics","display_name":"inverse kinematics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/video-game-development","display_name":"video game development","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-animation","display_name":"character animation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/articulated-figures","display_name":"articulated figures","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foot-placement","display_name":"foot placement","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics-based-animation","display_name":"physics-based animation","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-synthesis","display_name":"motion synthesis","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motion-capture","display_name":"motion capture","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locomotion","display_name":"locomotion","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrik","display_name":"FABRIK","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccd","display_name":"CCD","score":0.5580000281333923}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17816587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501872","display_name":"Inverse kinematics","level":3,"score":0.7702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.7520999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6924999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.6888999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.5932999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44710944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813564","display_name":"Skeletal animation","level":5,"score":0.5824000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.5134000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.48429998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.45339998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4318000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018412434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7889","display_name":"Video game","level":2,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780575108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316652","display_name":"Retargeting","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112313634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886648","display_name":"Complement (music)","level":5,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54276265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061635","display_name":"Video game development","level":3,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207451115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12898216","display_name":"Throwing","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503285160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858057","display_name":"Game design","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98907195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428562","display_name":"Facial motion capture","level":5,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187523126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17098330","display_name":"Inverse dynamics","level":3,"score":0.2563999891281128}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22172728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22172729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172729","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22172728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22172728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7204803206","https://openalex.org/W2977133022","https://openalex.org/W2243766193","https://openalex.org/W4308021663","https://openalex.org/W2970431251","https://openalex.org/W4384298815","https://openalex.org/W4242191824","https://openalex.org/W7098089764","https://openalex.org/W2908163501","https://openalex.org/W3118480587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Procedural":[0],"animation":[1,79],"encompasses":[2],"a":[3,34,54],"family":[4],"of":[5,43,77,120,140],"techniques":[6],"in":[7,57,83],"which":[8],"character":[9],"movement":[10],"and":[11,80,101,113,116,131,147],"physical":[12],"interactions":[13],"are":[14],"generated":[15],"algorithmically":[16],"at":[17,53],"runtime":[18],"rather":[19],"than":[20],"pre-authored":[21],"by":[22],"animators":[23],"through":[24],"keyframe":[25],"interpolation.":[26],"Among":[27],"these":[28],"techniques,":[29],"inverse":[30,81],"kinematics":[31,82],"(IK)":[32],"plays":[33],"particularly":[35],"central":[36],"role:":[37],"it":[38],"computes":[39],"the":[40,75,118,137,148],"joint":[41],"angles":[42],"an":[44,50],"articulated":[45],"figure":[46],"required":[47],"to":[48,62,67,94],"place":[49],"end":[51],"effector":[52],"desired":[55],"position":[56],"world":[58],"space,":[59],"enabling":[60],"characters":[61],"adapt":[63],"their":[64],"poses":[65],"dynamically":[66],"changing":[68],"environmental":[69],"conditions.":[70],"This":[71],"narrative":[72],"review":[73],"examines":[74],"evolution":[76],"procedural":[78,151],"video":[84],"game":[85,142],"development,":[86],"from":[87],"early":[88],"two-bone":[89],"IK":[90,97,109,121],"for":[91],"foot":[92],"placement":[93],"sophisticated":[95],"full-body":[96],"systems,":[98,127],"physics-based":[99],"animation,":[100],"machine":[102],"learning-driven":[103],"motion":[104,123],"synthesis.":[105],"We":[106,135],"survey":[107],"analytical":[108],"solvers,":[110],"CCD,":[111],"FABRIK,":[112],"Jacobian-based":[114],"methods,":[115],"assess":[117],"integration":[119],"with":[122],"capture":[124],"data,":[125],"locomotion":[126],"interactive":[128],"object":[129],"manipulation,":[130],"deep":[132],"learning":[133],"applications.":[134],"emphasize":[136],"distinctive":[138],"constraints":[139],"real-time":[141],"development":[143],"including":[144],"computational":[145],"budgets":[146],"requirement":[149],"that":[150],"systems":[152],"complement":[153],"authored":[154],"animation.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-31T00:00:00"}
