{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204697647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","title":"Leprosy Trophic Ulcer Management","display_name":"Leprosy Trophic Ulcer Management","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204697647","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.22146/rpcpe.103179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","pdf_url":"https://journal.ugm.ac.id/rpcpe/article/download/103179/42809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211514","display_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","issn_l":"2613-943X","issn":["2613-943X","2620-5572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314959","host_organization_name":"Gadjah Mada University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Gadjah Mada University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://journal.ugm.ac.id/rpcpe/article/download/103179/42809","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014257076","display_name":"Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126826664","display_name":"Udayana University","ror":"https://ror.org/035qsg823","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126826664"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti Karna","raw_affiliation_strings":["1 Dermatology and Venereology Departmen; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Udayana; Indonesia\r\n2 Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar; Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"1 Dermatology and Venereology Departmen; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Udayana; Indonesia\r\n2 Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar; Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126826664"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014257076"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126826664"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53799183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"11","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12107","display_name":"Leprosy Research and Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13767","display_name":"Leech Biology and Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10823","display_name":"Research on Leishmaniasis Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leprosy","display_name":"leprosy","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trophic-ulcers","display_name":"trophic ulcers","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plantar-ulcer","display_name":"plantar ulcer","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycobacterium-leprae","display_name":"Mycobacterium leprae","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foot-neuropathy","display_name":"foot neuropathy","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-healing","display_name":"wound healing","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topical-therapy","display_name":"topical treatment","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenytoin","display_name":"phenytoin","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-oxide","display_name":"zinc oxide","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platelet-rich-plasma","display_name":"platelet-rich plasma","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/platelet-rich-fibrin","display_name":"platelet-rich fibrin","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrocolloid-dressing","display_name":"hydrocolloid dressing","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-grafts","display_name":"skin grafts","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flaps","display_name":"flaps","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care-management","display_name":"primary care management","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ulcer-prevention","display_name":"ulcer prevention","score":0.45899999141693115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8712000250816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36956","display_name":"Leprosy","level":2,"score":0.8098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5023999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776413796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6452285","display_name":"Skin ulcer","level":2,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72958200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053008","display_name":"Trophic level","level":2,"score":0.40470001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776204877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477415","display_name":"Amputation","level":2,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993807428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25324087","display_name":"Wound care","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910471476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1573613","display_name":"Varicose Ulcer","level":2,"score":0.3463999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780564577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179945","display_name":"Psoriasis","level":2,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776261420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017169","display_name":"Buruli ulcer","level":3,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777234453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2033092","display_name":"Flora (microbiology)","level":3,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777858829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52856","display_name":"Diabetic foot","level":3,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.22146/rpcpe.103179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","pdf_url":"https://journal.ugm.ac.id/rpcpe/article/download/103179/42809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211514","display_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","issn_l":"2613-943X","issn":["2613-943X","2620-5572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314959","host_organization_name":"Gadjah Mada University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Gadjah Mada University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journal.ugm.ac.id:article/103179","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journal.ugm.ac.id/rpcpe/article/view/103179","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400707","display_name":"Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (Universitas Gadjah Mada)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I165230279","host_organization_name":"Universitas Gadjah Mada","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165230279"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2613-943X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.22146/rpcpe.103179","doi":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.22146/rpcpe.103179","pdf_url":"https://journal.ugm.ac.id/rpcpe/article/download/103179/42809","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211514","display_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","issn_l":"2613-943X","issn":["2613-943X","2620-5572"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314959","host_organization_name":"Gadjah Mada University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314959"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Gadjah Mada University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Review of Primary Care Practice and Education (Kajian Praktik dan Pendidikan Layanan Primer)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204697647.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204697647.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1564397015","https://openalex.org/W2137794412","https://openalex.org/W2972881304"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4296391731","https://openalex.org/W4061575","https://openalex.org/W174377384","https://openalex.org/W2424829875","https://openalex.org/W3008555170","https://openalex.org/W2337645685","https://openalex.org/W2018351589","https://openalex.org/W2262969350","https://openalex.org/W1992231710","https://openalex.org/W2464761355"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Leprosy":[1,284],"is":[2,45,145,161,229],"a":[3,12,16,47,129,158,244,247],"chronic":[4],"granulomatous":[5],"infection":[6],"caused":[7],"by":[8,255],"Mycobacterium":[9],"leprae,":[10],"also":[11],"polymorphic":[13],"disease":[14],"with":[15,114,238],"wide":[17],"range":[18],"of":[19,137,142,152,192,201,232,250],"neurocutaneous":[20],"manifestations.":[21],"Unfortunately,":[22],"delayed":[23],"diagnosis":[24],"and":[25,36,79,99,109,139,182,198,211,220,253,266,270,297],"treatment":[26,67,167,292],"are":[27,188,214],"still":[28],"an":[29,115],"issue":[30],"in":[31,37,50,149,216,260,279],"endemic":[32],"poor":[33],"resource":[34],"settings":[35],"non-endemic":[38],"countries":[39],"due":[40],"to":[41,62,69,168,293],"global":[42],"migration.":[43],"Ulcer":[44],"not":[46],"common":[48],"feature":[49],"leprosy":[51,71,97,118],"patients,":[52],"except":[53],"during":[54],"reactional":[55],"states,":[56],"Lucio\u2019s":[57],"phenomenon":[58],"(LP),":[59],"or":[60,132,246],"secondary":[61],"neuropathies.":[63],"Objective:To":[64],"study":[65],"the":[66,89,143,146,150,230,236,251,275,280],"options":[68],"manage":[70],"trophic":[72,94,119,124,285],"ulcer.":[73,154],"Method:":[74],"The":[75,123],"Google-scholar,":[76],"Science-Direct":[77],"database,":[78],"ResearchGate":[80],"from":[81,128],"2010":[82],"until":[83],"September":[84],"2023":[85],"were":[86,112],"searched":[87],"using":[88],"keywords":[90],"\u201cleprosy":[91,93,100],"ulcer\u201d,":[92,95,98],"\u201cplantar":[96],"ulcer":[101,120,125,160,164,286],"management.\u201d":[102],"All":[103],"available":[104,189],"cohort":[105],"studies,":[106],"case-series,":[107],"case-reports,":[108],"expert":[110],"reviews":[111],"included":[113],"emphasis":[116],"on":[117,274],"management.":[121],"Results:":[122],"evolves":[126],"initially":[127],"trauma/deep":[130],"fissure/callosity":[131],"tenderness":[133],"over":[134],"pressure-bearing":[135],"areas":[136],"palms":[138],"soles.":[140],"Anesthesia":[141],"foot":[144,252],"central":[147],"factor":[148],"pathogenesis":[151],"plantar":[153,193],"Sufficient":[155],"rest":[156],"for":[157,163,190],"simple":[159],"essential":[162,215],"healing.":[165],"Topical":[166],"promote":[169,294],"wound":[170,264,276,295],"healing":[171],"includes":[172,288],"phenytoin,":[173],"zinc":[174],"oxide,":[175],"platelet-rich":[176,179],"plasma":[177],"(PRP),":[178],"fibrin":[180],"(PRF),":[181],"hydrocolloid":[183],"dressing.":[184],"Various":[185],"surgical":[186,299],"methods":[187],"management":[191,259,287],"ulcers,":[194],"including":[195,263],"skin":[196],"grafts":[197],"different":[199],"types":[200],"flaps.":[202],"In":[203],"primary":[204,261],"care":[205,262,265],"settings,":[206],"early":[207],"detection,":[208],"patient":[209],"education,":[210],"self-care":[212],"practices":[213],"preventing":[217],"severe":[218],"ulcerations":[219],"recurrence.":[221],"A":[222],"clinical":[223],"sign":[224],"that":[225],"can":[226],"be":[227],"suspected":[228],"stage":[231],"threatened":[233],"ulcer,":[234],"called":[235],"pre-ulcerative":[237],"aseptic":[239],"inflammation,":[240],"usually":[241],"occurring":[242],"under":[243],"joint":[245],"bony":[248],"prominence":[249],"characterized":[254],"edematous":[256],"lesions.":[257],"Initial":[258],"protection,":[267],"limiting":[268],"mobility,":[269],"reducing":[271],"heavy":[272],"loads":[273],"area,":[277],"especially":[278],"lower":[281],"extremities.":[282],"Conclusion:":[283],"sufficient":[289],"rest,":[290],"topical":[291],"healing,":[296],"various":[298],"methods.":[300]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-31T00:00:00"}
