{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204693003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","title":"Predictors of Employee Engagement and Its Mediating Role in Organizational Performance: Evidence from a Lusaka City Council","display_name":"Predictors of Employee Engagement and Its Mediating Role in Organizational Performance: Evidence from a Lusaka City Council","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204693003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","pdf_url":"https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2026/4/82680.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207214","display_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","issn_l":"2582-2160","issn":["2582-2160"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204693003"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2026/4/82680.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148625124","display_name":"Afica Musonda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afica Musonda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003568677","display_name":"Musole Siachisa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Musole Siachisa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019453253","display_name":"Blessing Mataka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-7931","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4559-7931"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132976927","display_name":"Mulungushi University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vmcxs72","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132976927"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blessing Mataka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lecturer, Political and Administrative Studies , Mulungushi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lecturer, Political and Administrative Studies , Mulungushi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132976927"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14309","display_name":"Employee Performance and Management","score":0.1404000073671341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10213","display_name":"Public Policy and Administration Research","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-engagement","display_name":"employee engagement","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-performance","display_name":"organizational performance","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/municipal-employees","display_name":"municipal employees","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-design","display_name":"job design","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewards-and-recognition","display_name":"rewards and recognition","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-demands-resources-model","display_name":"job demands-resources model","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-exchange-theory","display_name":"social exchange theory","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-fairness","display_name":"perceived fairness","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization-of-authority","display_name":"decentralization of authority","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sector-human-resource-management","display_name":"public sector human resource management","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-role-of-engagement","display_name":"mediating role of engagement","score":0.6959999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99753626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14937678","display_name":"Employee engagement","level":2,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.49549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.4514000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172256602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780716","display_name":"Social exchange theory","level":2,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.4277999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202372285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056396","display_name":"Human resource management","level":2,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.37860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.36570000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.35260000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781160688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2234192","display_name":"Work engagement","level":3,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13200473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2747831","display_name":"Reflexivity","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107645774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5467169","display_name":"Human resources","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83030740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267236","display_name":"Organizational commitment","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55527203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334194","display_name":"Spillover effect","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778638050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421252","display_name":"Explanatory model","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2718322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629463","display_name":"Job satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.28790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82793941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046024","display_name":"Path analysis (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149215556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374296","display_name":"Employee resource groups","level":4,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.2700999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174954385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206740","display_name":"Job performance","level":3,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778023277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321703","display_name":"Premise","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188959678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145933","display_name":"Resource dependence theory","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182021174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374295","display_name":"Employee research","level":3,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49898467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1517706","display_name":"Stratified sampling","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38104776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932071","display_name":"Industrial relations","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","pdf_url":"https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2026/4/82680.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207214","display_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","issn_l":"2582-2160","issn":["2582-2160"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.82680","pdf_url":"https://www.ijfmr.com/papers/2026/4/82680.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207214","display_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","issn_l":"2582-2160","issn":["2582-2160"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204693003.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204693003.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405999510","https://openalex.org/W3196095180","https://openalex.org/W7204560580","https://openalex.org/W4367555581","https://openalex.org/W7163320188","https://openalex.org/W2896915111","https://openalex.org/W6892750231","https://openalex.org/W7165772659","https://openalex.org/W4392003733","https://openalex.org/W2579427610"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Employee":[1],"engagement":[2,37,127,264],"is":[3],"widely":[4],"regarded":[5],"as":[6,212],"a":[7,71,74,191,240],"determinant":[8],"of":[9,36,73,78,132,148,180,194,216,235,254,259,269],"organizational":[10,42],"performance,":[11],"yet":[12],"the":[13,34,54,62,129,146,174,181,217,230,236,251,257,266],"evidence":[14,186],"still":[15],"clusters":[16],"in":[17,20,26,183,206,239,247],"private-sector":[18],"firms":[19],"high-income":[21],"economies,":[22],"leaving":[23],"municipal":[24,242],"government":[25],"sub-Saharan":[27],"Africa":[28],"thinly":[29],"studied.":[30],"This":[31],"article":[32],"examines":[33],"predictors":[35],"and":[38,58,91,97,110,115,117,126,165,199,208,244,256],"their":[39],"influence":[40],"on":[41],"performance":[43,133],"at":[44],"Lusaka":[45],"City":[46],"Council,":[47],"Zambia\u2019s":[48],"largest":[49],"local":[50],"authority.":[51],"Guided":[52],"by":[53],"Job":[55,108],"Demands\u2013Resources":[56],"model":[57,175],"Social":[59],"Exchange":[60],"Theory,":[61],"study":[63,228],"used":[64],"an":[65,213],"explanatory":[66],"sequential":[67],"mixed-methods":[68,233],"design,":[69],"pairing":[70],"survey":[72],"stratified":[75],"random":[76],"sample":[77],"300":[79],"employees":[80],"with":[81,101,151,202],"15":[82],"semi-structured":[83],"key-informant":[84],"interviews.":[85],"Data":[86],"were":[87],"analyzed":[88],"through":[89],"reliability":[90],"validity":[92],"testing,":[93],"correlation,":[94],"multiple":[95],"regression,":[96],"structural":[98,138],"equation":[99],"modelling":[100],"bootstrapped":[102],"mediation,":[103],"alongside":[104],"reflexive":[105],"thematic":[106],"analysis.":[107],"design":[109,157],"resources":[111],"(\u03b2":[112,119,158,167],"=":[113,120,136,141,159,168],"0.31)":[114],"reward":[116],"recognition":[118],"0.35)":[121],"both":[122,149],"significantly":[123],"predicted":[124],"engagement,":[125],"was":[128],"strongest":[130],"predictor":[131],"(regression":[134],"\u03b2":[135,140],"0.46;":[137],"path":[139],"0.51).":[142],"Engagement":[143],"partially":[144],"mediated":[145],"effect":[147],"antecedents,":[150],"significant":[152],"indirect":[153],"effects":[154],"for":[155,263],"job":[156],"0.17,":[160],"95%":[161,170],"CI":[162,171],"[0.10,":[163],"0.26])":[164],"rewards":[166,255],"0.19,":[169],"[0.11,":[172],"0.28]);":[173],"explained":[176],"58":[177],"per":[178],"cent":[179],"variance":[182],"performance.":[184],"Qualitative":[185],"set":[187],"these":[188],"relationships":[189],"against":[190],"governance":[192],"backdrop":[193],"centralized":[195],"decision-making,":[196],"inconsistent":[197],"recognition,":[198],"political":[200,204],"interference,":[201],"perceived":[203,252],"interference":[205],"promotion":[207],"resource":[209,223],"allocation":[210],"emerging":[211],"institutional-level":[214],"breach":[215],"fairness":[218,253],"premise":[219],"that":[220],"individual":[221],"human":[222],"interventions":[224],"cannot":[225],"repair.":[226],"The":[227],"provides":[229],"first":[231],"structural-equation-modelled,":[232],"account":[234],"engagement\u2013performance":[237],"relationship":[238],"Zambian":[241],"authority,":[243],"argues":[245],"that,":[246],"fiscally":[248],"constrained":[249],"municipalities,":[250],"decentralization":[258],"authority":[260],"matter":[261],"more":[262],"than":[265],"absolute":[267],"level":[268],"financial":[270],"reward.":[271]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-31T00:00:00"}
