{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204666192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","title":"The Doxological Obedience of Christ and the Transformation of Sin's Penalty: Retrieving a \u2018Dialectical\u2019 Account of Penal Substitutionary Atonement \u2606","display_name":"The Doxological Obedience of Christ and the Transformation of Sin's Penalty: Retrieving a \u2018Dialectical\u2019 Account of Penal Substitutionary Atonement \u2606","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204666192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ijst.70048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ijst.70048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126848956","display_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","issn_l":"1463-1652","issn":["1463-1652","1468-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ijst.70048","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049162340","display_name":"David M. Westfall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0923-3946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0923-3946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153204768","display_name":"Dordt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02tdf3n85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153204768"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David M. Westfall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dordt University  700 7th St NE Sioux Center IA 51250 USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0923-3946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dordt University  700 7th St NE Sioux Center IA 51250 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153204768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049162340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153204768"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2900},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"4","first_page":"347","last_page":"377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12440","display_name":"Karl Barth and Christian Theology","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12440","display_name":"Karl Barth and Christian Theology","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12409","display_name":"Reformation and Early Modern Christianity","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14314","display_name":"Violence, Religion, and Philosophy","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-obedience","display_name":"passive obedience","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forgiveness","display_name":"forgiveness","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christ-s-suffering","display_name":"suffering of Christ","score":0.5960000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775858633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60983727","display_name":"Atonement","level":2,"score":0.911899983882904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.7501000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23540","display_name":"Protestantism","level":2,"score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13184196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9453","display_name":"Dialectic","level":2,"score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179958297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456974","display_name":"Obedience","level":2,"score":0.6044999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4643000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778731027","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q537963","display_name":"Forgiveness","level":2,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.28299999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778459489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q497263","display_name":"Repentance","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/ijst.70048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ijst.70048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126848956","display_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","issn_l":"1463-1652","issn":["1463-1652","1468-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/ijst.70048","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijst.70048","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ijst.70048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126848956","display_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","issn_l":"1463-1652","issn":["1463-1652","1468-2400"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Systematic Theology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204666192.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204666192.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771667608","https://openalex.org/W2769609114","https://openalex.org/W2505888440","https://openalex.org/W6996856131","https://openalex.org/W1973530975","https://openalex.org/W7213467286","https://openalex.org/W3159757639","https://openalex.org/W3158985941","https://openalex.org/W3200550709","https://openalex.org/W4414597064"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"essay":[2],"engages":[3],"with":[4],"a":[5,40,70,76,172,183],"recent":[6],"critique":[7],"of":[8,29,42,54,78,96,109,139,143,168,175,191],"penal":[9,93,140,176],"substitutionary":[10,94,141],"atonement":[11,97],"presented":[12],"by":[13],"Khaled":[14],"Anatolios":[15],"in":[16,34,46,90,101,106,129,148,156],"his":[17,118,169],"book,":[18],"Deification":[19],"through":[20,117,182],"the":[21,52,64,86,92,110,130,137,162,165,187],"Cross":[22],".":[23],"According":[24],"to":[25,38,63,158,186],"Anatolios,":[26],"this":[27,81,104],"account":[28,174],"Christ's":[30,146,153],"work":[31],"is":[32],"deficient":[33],"that":[35,66,85,114,125],"it":[36,68],"fails":[37],"capture":[39],"\u2018dialectic":[41],"transference":[43],"and":[44],"transformation\u2019":[45],"which":[47,91],"Christ":[48,115],"not":[49],"only":[50],"assumes":[51],"penalty":[53,65,160],"sin":[55,113],"vicariously,":[56],"but":[57],"renders":[58],"an":[59],"appropriate,":[60],"\u2018doxological\u2019":[61,150],"response":[62],"transforms":[67],"from":[69],"purely":[71],"reprobative":[72],"divine":[73],"act":[74],"into":[75],"means":[77],"forgiveness.":[79],"In":[80],"essay,":[82],"I":[83,122],"demonstrate":[84],"early":[87],"protestant":[88,189],"tradition,":[89],"view":[95],"largely":[98],"originates,":[99],"does":[100],"fact":[102],"preserve":[103],"dialectic":[105],"its":[107],"understanding":[108],"\u2018satisfaction\u2019":[111],"for":[112,164],"accomplishes":[116],"so\u2010called":[119],"\u2018passive":[120],"obedience\u2019.":[121],"also":[123],"show":[124],"multiple":[126],"noteworthy":[127],"figures":[128],"tradition":[131],"(including":[132],"several":[133],"who":[134],"strongly":[135],"influenced":[136],"development":[138],"accounts":[142],"atonement)":[144],"explicate":[145],"satisfaction":[147],"overtly":[149],"terms,":[151],"portraying":[152],"God\u2010exalting":[154],"agency":[155],"submission":[157],"sin's":[159],"as":[161],"basis":[163],"atoning":[166],"value":[167],"suffering.":[170],"Constructing":[171],"\u2018dialectical\u2019":[173],"substitution":[177],"can":[178],"therefore":[179],"be":[180],"achieved":[181],"renewed":[184],"attentiveness":[185],"traditionally":[188],"concept":[190],"satisfaction.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2026-08-30T00:00:00"}
