{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204570909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","title":"Nationwide evaluation of late diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip and avascular necrosis after treatment: Insights from the JPOA registry","display_name":"Nationwide evaluation of late diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip and avascular necrosis after treatment: Insights from the JPOA registry","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204570909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42665485"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170674194","display_name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","issn_l":"0949-2658","issn":["0949-2658","1436-2023"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020008092","display_name":"Tomoyuki Nakamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-4574","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8201-4574"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102078","display_name":"Fukuoka Children's Hospital and Medical Center for Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/017kgtg39","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102078","https://openalex.org/I4405282971"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tomoyuki Nakamura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic and Spine Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nakamura.t@fcho.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic and Spine Surgery, Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nakamura.t@fcho.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110194020","display_name":"Toshio Kitano","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toshio Kitano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pediatric Orthopaedic and Orthopaedic Surgery Kitano Clinic, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address: sskitanoclinic.0028@kind.ocn.ne.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pediatric Orthopaedic and Orthopaedic Surgery Kitano Clinic, Hyogo, Japan. Electronic address: sskitanoclinic.0028@kind.ocn.ne.jp","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037178793","display_name":"Atsuhito Seki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2506-6631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2506-6631"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsuhito Seki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimada Ryoiku Medical Center for Challenged Children, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: atsuhitoseki@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shimada Ryoiku Medical Center for Challenged Children, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address: atsuhitoseki@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069712509","display_name":"Kousuke Iba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-9232","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9674-9232"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kousuke Iba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sapporo Bone and Hand Surgery Institute, Sapporo Minami Orthopaedic Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address: shinshunchi@yahoo.co.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sapporo Bone and Hand Surgery Institute, Sapporo Minami Orthopaedic Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. Electronic address: shinshunchi@yahoo.co.jp","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075723222","display_name":"Kazuharu Takikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2051-3538","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2051-3538"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161002","display_name":"Shizuoka Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05x23rx38","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161002"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kazuharu Takikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address: hrtakikawa@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan. Electronic address: hrtakikawa@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161002"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101888039","display_name":"Keisuke Nakagawa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099064","display_name":"Osaka City General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00v053551","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099064","https://openalex.org/I4405284496"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Nakagawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: pedorthop@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: pedorthop@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088185093","display_name":"Tomonori Tetsunaga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4348-9806","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4348-9806"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I163770644","display_name":"Okayama University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pc6pc55","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomonori Tetsunaga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: tomonoritetsunaga@okayama-u.ac.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Musculoskeletal Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: tomonoritetsunaga@okayama-u.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I163770644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Aya Narita","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I112524849","display_name":"Yamagata University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xy44n04","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aya Narita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan. Electronic address: naritaay@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan. Electronic address: naritaay@med.id.yamagata-u.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I112524849"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027327792","display_name":"Kenichi Mishima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-1664","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3350-1664"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405255352","display_name":"Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02xa0x739","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405255352"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenichi Mishima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: K.Mishima0613@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Obu, Japan. Electronic address: K.Mishima0613@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405255352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027048922","display_name":"Yasuhiro Oikawa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-9070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8841-9070"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405253373","display_name":"Chiba Children's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00khjyb83","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405253373"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuhiro Oikawa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: y.oikawa-1979@hotmail.co.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chiba Children's Hospital, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: y.oikawa-1979@hotmail.co.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405253373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106859784","display_name":"Yuma Onishi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099064","display_name":"Osaka City General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00v053551","country_code":"JP","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099064","https://openalex.org/I4405284496"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuma Onishi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: smurf.cerezo@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan. Electronic address: smurf.cerezo@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099064"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019817978","display_name":"Masako Tsukanaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-8591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6753-8591"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Masako Tsukanaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shiga General Hospital, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: masakotsukanaka@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shiga General Hospital, Shiga, Japan. Electronic address: masakotsukanaka@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022488955","display_name":"Ryosuke Yamaguchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-3770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2507-3770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryosuke Yamaguchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: yamaguchi.ryosuke.183@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: yamaguchi.ryosuke.183@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103021161","display_name":"Takuya Otani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-0030","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5020-0030"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takuya Otani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Seikeikai Hospital, Saitama, Japan. Electronic address: takuyahipotani@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saitama Seikeikai Hospital, Saitama, Japan. Electronic address: takuyahipotani@gmail.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049239206","display_name":"Yutaka Inaba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-1190","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6676-1190"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89630735","display_name":"Yokohama City University","ror":"https://ror.org/0135d1r83","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89630735"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutaka Inaba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Electronic address: yute0131@yokohama-cu.ac.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan. Electronic address: yute0131@yokohama-cu.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89630735"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002669324","display_name":"Yasuharu Nakashima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-982X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6692-982X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2653-5324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135598925","display_name":"Kyushu University","ror":"https://ror.org/00p4k0j84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasuharu Nakashima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nakashima.yasuharu.453@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. Electronic address: nakashima.yasuharu.453@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135598925"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020008092"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102078"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11218","display_name":"Hip disorders and treatments","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11218","display_name":"Hip disorders and treatments","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12209","display_name":"Bone and Joint Diseases","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-dysplasia-of-the-hip","display_name":"developmental dysplasia of the hip","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/avascular-necrosis","display_name":"avascular necrosis","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-diagnosis","display_name":"delayed diagnosis","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-hip","display_name":"pediatric hip","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pavlik-harness","display_name":"Pavlik harness","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-reduction","display_name":"closed reduction","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-reduction","display_name":"open reduction","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors","display_name":"risk factors","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9333999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777560053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503629","display_name":"Avascular necrosis","level":3,"score":0.8557999730110168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775894508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128996","display_name":"Dysplasia","level":2,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68312169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216685","display_name":"Orthopedic surgery","level":2,"score":0.4140999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198451711","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327657","display_name":"Rheumatology","level":2,"score":0.4025000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503630168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178069","display_name":"Necrosis","level":2,"score":0.374099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3352000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jos.2026.08.007","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170674194","display_name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","issn_l":"0949-2658","issn":["0949-2658","1436-2023"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Orthopaedic Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42665485","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42665485","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19384439","https://openalex.org/W1600012335","https://openalex.org/W1982024778","https://openalex.org/W1990633728","https://openalex.org/W1997370050","https://openalex.org/W2049765346","https://openalex.org/W2177509976","https://openalex.org/W2514761238","https://openalex.org/W2885192309","https://openalex.org/W3189776387","https://openalex.org/W3204596599","https://openalex.org/W4290575403","https://openalex.org/W4311286025","https://openalex.org/W4319871386","https://openalex.org/W4384069983","https://openalex.org/W4409700924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3172209526","https://openalex.org/W3044325415","https://openalex.org/W4402821041","https://openalex.org/W2046140689","https://openalex.org/W2339250995","https://openalex.org/W2362988896","https://openalex.org/W4389351471","https://openalex.org/W2331283386","https://openalex.org/W4405443021","https://openalex.org/W2514761238"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}
