{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204565825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","title":"A comprehensive review of seaweed macroalgae as a biodiesel feedstock for transportation fuel in diesel engines","display_name":"A comprehensive review of seaweed macroalgae as a biodiesel feedstock for transportation fuel in diesel engines","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204565825","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65809584","display_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","issn_l":"1543-5075","issn":["1543-5075","1543-5083"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148494718","display_name":"Dhiraj S. Darunde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0424-9469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0424-9469"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167153416","display_name":"Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02zrtpp84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167153416"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dhiraj S. Darunde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0424-9469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167153416"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006391077","display_name":"Pravin D. Sawarkar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-3334","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7955-3334"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I167153416","display_name":"Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02zrtpp84","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I167153416"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pravin D. Sawarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology (VNIT)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167153416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5148494718"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I167153416"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60328673,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":"13","first_page":"2991","last_page":"3017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.5282999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10507","display_name":"Biodiesel Production and Applications","score":0.5282999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10476","display_name":"Algal biology and biofuel production","score":0.41260001063346863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11390","display_name":"Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds","score":0.013000000268220901,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1104","display_name":"Aquatic Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiesel","display_name":"biodiesel","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seaweed","display_name":"seaweed","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diesel-engine-performance","display_name":"diesel engine performance","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biodiesel-blends","display_name":"biodiesel blends","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engine-emissions","display_name":"engine emissions","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-cycle-assessment","display_name":"life cycle assessment","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/techno-economic-analysis","display_name":"techno-economic analysis","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-extraction","display_name":"lipid extraction","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrothermal-liquefaction","display_name":"hydrothermal liquefaction","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis","display_name":"pyrolysis","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biorefinery","display_name":"biorefinery","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-transport-fuels","display_name":"renewable transportation fuels","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/third-generation-biofuels","display_name":"third-generation biofuels","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779276218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16878117","display_name":"Hydrothermal liquefaction","level":3,"score":0.7264999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52896960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167947","display_name":"Biodiesel","level":3,"score":0.6796000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6495000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.6360999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.6309000253677368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.5717999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138171918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38423","display_name":"Diesel fuel","level":2,"score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780301381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864683","display_name":"Biorefinery","level":3,"score":0.5415999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52208190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313121","display_name":"Renewable fuels","level":3,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159403789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342552","display_name":"Algae fuel","level":4,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175461058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107002401","display_name":"Vegetable oil refining","level":4,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143517461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138571","display_name":"Renewable resource","level":3,"score":0.3675999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778706760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581950","display_name":"Life-cycle assessment","level":3,"score":0.3675999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66910140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905957","display_name":"Biodiesel production","level":4,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50406533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1452104","display_name":"Thermal efficiency","level":3,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780804531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174174","display_name":"Diesel engine","level":2,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75212476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas","level":2,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68189081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748","display_name":"Fossil fuel","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.29109999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82576440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214199","display_name":"Fuel oil","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168255717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072759","display_name":"Ultra-low-sulfur diesel","level":3,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15435075.2026.2720504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65809584","display_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","issn_l":"1543-5075","issn":["1543-5075","1543-5083"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Green Energy","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9853000044822693},{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.833299994468689},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.685699999332428}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":124,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W174838338","https://openalex.org/W1974754895","https://openalex.org/W1978593469","https://openalex.org/W1989684209","https://openalex.org/W1992781528","https://openalex.org/W2018341693","https://openalex.org/W2021920753","https://openalex.org/W2028760790","https://openalex.org/W2031359576","https://openalex.org/W2034360466","https://openalex.org/W2035204654","https://openalex.org/W2037923730","https://openalex.org/W2038599787","https://openalex.org/W2044156742","https://openalex.org/W2051979964","https://openalex.org/W2054843804","https://openalex.org/W2055907217","https://openalex.org/W2062203636","https://openalex.org/W2068262137","https://openalex.org/W2072728618","https://openalex.org/W2072854248","https://openalex.org/W2084198647","https://openalex.org/W2086172955","https://openalex.org/W2095471799","https://openalex.org/W2124642471","https://openalex.org/W2128836283","https://openalex.org/W2136935390","https://openalex.org/W2137257552","https://openalex.org/W2153922477","https://openalex.org/W2164045425","https://openalex.org/W2164449327","https://openalex.org/W2166161844","https://openalex.org/W2297119384","https://openalex.org/W2326777183","https://openalex.org/W2396755106","https://openalex.org/W2410557274","https://openalex.org/W2472029641","https://openalex.org/W2472722649","https://openalex.org/W2490483265","https://openalex.org/W2501194258","https://openalex.org/W2511966717","https://openalex.org/W2514182576","https://openalex.org/W2520565130","https://openalex.org/W2551267028","https://openalex.org/W2553004869","https://openalex.org/W2570036732","https://openalex.org/W2625171054","https://openalex.org/W2657644586","https://openalex.org/W2740504378","https://openalex.org/W2751401673","https://openalex.org/W2751423751","https://openalex.org/W2758788310","https://openalex.org/W2760186885","https://openalex.org/W2766635871","https://openalex.org/W2767001439","https://openalex.org/W2790907265","https://openalex.org/W2792775161","https://openalex.org/W2798075037","https://openalex.org/W2900718933","https://openalex.org/W2908172623","https://openalex.org/W2913707321","https://openalex.org/W2915902121","https://openalex.org/W2917625265","https://openalex.org/W2920100666","https://openalex.org/W2945952278","https://openalex.org/W2945996439","https://openalex.org/W2946678203","https://openalex.org/W2961640861","https://openalex.org/W2984308345","https://openalex.org/W2988000323","https://openalex.org/W2995417010","https://openalex.org/W2997220218","https://openalex.org/W3016528335","https://openalex.org/W3025523716","https://openalex.org/W3031612040","https://openalex.org/W3036972608","https://openalex.org/W3045547133","https://openalex.org/W3046097115","https://openalex.org/W3089392574","https://openalex.org/W3091840974","https://openalex.org/W3107052506","https://openalex.org/W3126126122","https://openalex.org/W3128339359","https://openalex.org/W3129668887","https://openalex.org/W3139289842","https://openalex.org/W3154570505","https://openalex.org/W3165467455","https://openalex.org/W3179393211","https://openalex.org/W3208239632","https://openalex.org/W4200208430","https://openalex.org/W4206736489","https://openalex.org/W4206753480","https://openalex.org/W4210997790","https://openalex.org/W4220971768","https://openalex.org/W4225272773","https://openalex.org/W4226164883","https://openalex.org/W4280646530","https://openalex.org/W4281263028","https://openalex.org/W4281570570","https://openalex.org/W4291238206","https://openalex.org/W4292692724","https://openalex.org/W4296365124","https://openalex.org/W4308246091","https://openalex.org/W4311055981","https://openalex.org/W4313334059","https://openalex.org/W4317549052","https://openalex.org/W4318473185","https://openalex.org/W4383460647","https://openalex.org/W4385497321","https://openalex.org/W4385616782","https://openalex.org/W4386374634","https://openalex.org/W4387479564","https://openalex.org/W4389497683","https://openalex.org/W4389670194","https://openalex.org/W4392914051","https://openalex.org/W4394761259","https://openalex.org/W4396716940","https://openalex.org/W4400028589","https://openalex.org/W4400250174","https://openalex.org/W4400459590","https://openalex.org/W4402394011","https://openalex.org/W4405353376","https://openalex.org/W4410026157","https://openalex.org/W7104002331"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,18,97,141],"world":[1],"faces":[2],"growing":[3],"demand":[4],"for":[5,26,90],"renewable":[6],"transportation":[7],"fuels":[8],"due":[9],"to":[10,81],"limited":[11,54],"crude":[12],"oil":[13],"reserves":[14],"and":[15,30,43,56,78,88,101,119,124,130,139,143,151,175,196],"environmental":[16],"degradation.":[17],"review":[19,158],"comprehensively":[20],"examines":[21],"biodiesel":[22,93,105,187],"feedstocks":[23,37,50,188],"using":[24],"criteria":[25],"technology":[27],"readiness,":[28],"sustainability,":[29],"life":[31],"cycle":[32],"assessment":[33,162],"(LCA).":[34],"First-generation":[35],"(G1)":[36],"face":[38],"food-versus-fuel":[39],"competition,":[40],"low":[41],"productivity,":[42,166],"high":[44],"land":[45,74],"use":[46],"requirements.":[47],"Second-generation":[48],"(G2)":[49],"having":[51],"problems":[52],"of":[53,104,145],"farmland":[55],"processing":[57],"efficiency.":[58],"In":[59],"contrast,":[60],"third-generation":[61],"(G3)":[62],"marine":[63],"macroalgae":[64,109,183],"(containing":[65],"\u02c35%":[66],"lipids)":[67],"exhibit":[68],"higher":[69],"biomass":[70],"productivity":[71],"(7\u201330":[72],"times":[73],"crops),":[75],"grow":[76],"rapidly,":[77],"are":[79,94,155],"well-suited":[80],"existing":[82],"aquaculture":[83],"facilities.":[84],"Key":[85],"advancements,":[86],"challenges,":[87],"pathways":[89],"producing":[91],"macroalgae-based":[92],"critically":[95],"examined.":[96],"diesel":[98],"engine":[99,169],"performance":[100],"emission":[102],"characteristics":[103],"blends":[106],"(B10\u2013B20)":[107],"from":[108],"show":[110],"a":[111,134,160],"good":[112],"balance":[113],"between":[114],"brake":[115],"thermal":[116],"efficiency":[117,142],"(BTE)":[118],"brake-specific":[120],"fuel":[121],"consumption":[122],"(BSFC)":[123],"reductions":[125],"in":[126,137],"CO,":[127],"HC,":[128],"PM,":[129],"smoke":[131],"emissions,":[132],"with":[133,191],"slight":[135],"increase":[136],"CO2":[138],"NOx.":[140],"scalability":[144],"oil/lipid":[146],"extraction":[147],"through":[148],"Soxhlet,":[149],"pyrolysis,":[150],"hydrothermal":[152],"liquefaction":[153],"(HTL),":[154],"compared.":[156],"This":[157],"provides":[159],"quantitative":[161],"that":[163],"connects":[164],"feedstock":[165],"conversion":[167],"pathways,":[168],"performance,":[170],"by":[171],"LCA,":[172],"techno-economic":[173],"indicators,":[174],"industrial":[176],"biorefinery":[177],"integration,":[178,193],"unlike":[179],"previous":[180],"reviews.Overall,":[181],"seaweed":[182],"represent":[184],"promising":[185],"sustainable":[186],",":[189],"particularly":[190],"process":[192],"co-product":[194],"valorization,":[195],"energy-efficient":[197],"technologies.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}
