{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204564801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.27449","title":"SWE-Prime: Fewer Trajectories, Better Performance","display_name":"SWE-Prime: Fewer Trajectories, Better Performance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204564801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.27449"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.27449","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27449","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.27449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.27449","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029965620","display_name":"Dewu Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5276-5325","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5276-5325"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng, Dewu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132758306","display_name":"Ruizhe Ye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye, Ruizhe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210144487","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122287264","display_name":"Yanlin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7761-7269","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7761-7269"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Yanlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100402379","display_name":"Yang Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-1341","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0710-1341"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye, Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210144487","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123476324","display_name":"Hongyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-9425","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3063-9425"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Hongyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028655969","display_name":"Ensheng Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-2025","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5543-2025"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi, Ensheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210144487","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149230469","display_name":"Xilin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4870-1012","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4870-1012"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Xilin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210144487","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121061960","display_name":"Yuchi Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3304-1389","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3304-1389"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144487","display_name":"Cloud Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04aa0zm65","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146936","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03jyqk712","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ma, Yuchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co. , Ltd. , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327","https://openalex.org/I4210144487","https://openalex.org/I4210146936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101840854","display_name":"Jianxing Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1340-3995","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1340-3995"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Jianxing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124771774","display_name":"Zibin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-4330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-4330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng, Zibin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-sample-selection","display_name":"training data selection","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-fine-tuning","display_name":"supervised fine-tuning","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-filtering","display_name":"trajectory filtering","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noisy-supervision","display_name":"noisy supervision","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swe-bench","display_name":"SWE-bench","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7321000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.7202000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.65420001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6419000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6330999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5206999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4413999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.40459999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.3903000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.27449","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27449","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.27449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.27449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.27449","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.27449","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.27449","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27449","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.27449","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204564801.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204564801.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7134856488","https://openalex.org/W4416711632","https://openalex.org/W7164925848","https://openalex.org/W7162135919","https://openalex.org/W7118466224","https://openalex.org/W7140194085","https://openalex.org/W4417525566","https://openalex.org/W7128610571","https://openalex.org/W7160897425","https://openalex.org/W4414683761"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"improve":[1],"large":[2],"language":[3],"models'":[4],"ability":[5],"to":[6,60,133,149,157,192],"resolve":[7],"real-world":[8],"software":[9],"issues,":[10],"prior":[11],"work":[12],"has":[13],"focused":[14],"on":[15,26,95,130,162,171,181],"constructing":[16],"large-scale":[17],"agent":[18],"trajectory":[19,83,174],"datasets":[20],"and":[21,57,84,100,106,125,138,165,194],"performing":[22],"supervised":[23],"fine-tuning":[24],"(SFT)":[25],"successful":[27,37,110],"trajectories.":[28,111],"However,":[29],"task":[30],"success":[31],"does":[32],"not":[33],"guarantee":[34],"high-quality":[35,105],"supervision:":[36],"trajectories":[38,50],"may":[39],"still":[40],"contain":[41],"ineffective,":[42],"redundant,":[43],"or":[44],"risky":[45],"steps.":[46],"Directly":[47],"using":[48],"such":[49],"for":[51],"SFT":[52,72],"can":[53],"introduce":[54],"noisy":[55],"supervision":[56],"encourage":[58],"models":[59],"imitate":[61],"undesirable":[62],"problem-solving":[63],"behaviors.":[64],"Therefore,":[65],"we":[66],"propose":[67],"SWE-Prime,":[68],"a":[69,104],"multi-granularity,":[70],"two-stage":[71],"data":[73,80,101],"selection":[74,117],"method":[75],"that":[76,169],"progressively":[77],"filters":[78],"training":[79,170,180],"at":[81],"the":[82,88,134,147,158,172,182],"segment":[85,128],"levels.":[86],"Specifically,":[87],"first":[89],"stage":[90,114],"performs":[91,115],"trajectory-level":[92],"screening":[93],"based":[94,129],"process":[96],"quality,":[97,99],"result":[98],"representativeness,":[102],"selecting":[103],"representative":[107],"subset":[108,175],"of":[109,190],"The":[112],"second":[113],"segment-level":[116],"by":[118,177],"grouping":[119],"consecutive":[120],"steps":[121],"into":[122],"semantic":[123],"segments":[124,144,155],"assessing":[126],"each":[127],"its":[131],"contribution":[132],"final":[135],"solution,":[136],"learnability,":[137],"potential":[139],"risks.":[140],"During":[141],"SFT,":[142],"all":[143],"remain":[145],"in":[146],"sequence":[148],"preserve":[150],"context,":[151],"while":[152],"only":[153],"selected":[154,176],"contribute":[156],"loss":[159],"computation.":[160],"Experiments":[161],"SWE-Bench":[163,166],"Pro":[164],"Verified":[167],"show":[168],"10%":[173],"SWE-Prime":[178],"outperforms":[179],"full":[183],"resolved":[184],"dataset,":[185],"yielding":[186],"relative":[187],"performance":[188],"gains":[189],"up":[191],"12.2%":[193],"24.2%,":[195],"respectively.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}