{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204534970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","title":"From Leaves to Roots: Seasonal Dynamics of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Use of Understory Plant Resources in a Forest\u2013Agricultural Landscape of Central Poland","display_name":"From Leaves to Roots: Seasonal Dynamics of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Use of Understory Plant Resources in a Forest\u2013Agricultural Landscape of Central Poland","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204534970","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42738477"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani16172688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009880132","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 Nasiadka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-7635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-7635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pawe\u0142 Nasiadka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Bioeconomy and Food Systems, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5193-7635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Bioeconomy and Food Systems, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070681559","display_name":"Artur Obidzi\u0144ski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-7845","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-7845"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Artur Obidzi\u0144ski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology; Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-7845","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology; Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033652275","display_name":"Magdalena Perli\u0144ska-Teresiak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-6712","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-6712"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170230895","display_name":"Warsaw University of Life Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05srvzs48","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magdalena Perli\u0144ska-Teresiak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Bioeconomy and Food Systems, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7228-6712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Bioeconomy and Food Systems, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Jana Ciszewskiego 8, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090218037","display_name":"Lidia Or\u0142owska","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-8236","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-8236"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172685059","display_name":"Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie","ror":"https://ror.org/030mz2444","country_code":"PL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172685059"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lidia Or\u0142owska","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow ul. Podchor\u0105\u017cych 2, 30-084 Krak\u00f3w, Poland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-8236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, University of the National Education Commission, Krakow ul. Podchor\u0105\u017cych 2, 30-084 Krak\u00f3w, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172685059"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009880132"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170230895"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67396444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"17","first_page":"2688","last_page":"2688"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8817999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8817999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11913","display_name":"Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies","score":0.11739999800920486,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13388","display_name":"Rangeland and Wildlife Management","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wild-boar","display_name":"wild boar","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sus-scrofa","display_name":"Sus scrofa","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-diet","display_name":"seasonal diet","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foraging-behavior","display_name":"foraging behavior","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rooting-behaviour","display_name":"rooting behaviour","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-phenology","display_name":"plant phenology","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stomach-contents","display_name":"stomach contents","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grass-roots","display_name":"grass roots","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grass-leaves","display_name":"grass leaves","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-flexibility","display_name":"dietary flexibility","score":0.3059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779824472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207123","display_name":"Herb","level":3,"score":0.7515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139669111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422666","display_name":"Understory","level":3,"score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7164000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51417038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272737","display_name":"Phenology","level":2,"score":0.6284999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779370140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13377214","display_name":"Forage","level":2,"score":0.5764999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165287380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916569","display_name":"Foraging","level":2,"score":0.5746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125403950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111082","display_name":"Seasonality","level":2,"score":0.5673999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776222705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58697","display_name":"Wild boar","level":2,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4230000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53002841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418712","display_name":"Plant community","level":3,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45962647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512035","display_name":"Plant litter","level":3,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157155287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192691","display_name":"Annual plant","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q279596","display_name":"Ruderal species","level":3,"score":0.31139999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779695316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303660","display_name":"Triclopyr","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985179745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131449","display_name":"Plant species","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani16172688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42738477","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42738477","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals : an open access journal from MDPI","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13564332","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13564332/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13564332/pdf/animals-16-02688.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Animals (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1ba94a8cab654edabe84020d93aa2c6f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1ba94a8cab654edabe84020d93aa2c6f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Animals, Vol 16, Iss 17, p 2688 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ani16172688","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16172688","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168508","display_name":"Animals","issn_l":"2076-2615","issn":["2076-2615"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animals","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6735000014305115}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W44409905","https://openalex.org/W1826060608","https://openalex.org/W1893439474","https://openalex.org/W1899411624","https://openalex.org/W1911517641","https://openalex.org/W1974970933","https://openalex.org/W1981592249","https://openalex.org/W1984078322","https://openalex.org/W2011321959","https://openalex.org/W2035466992","https://openalex.org/W2048173551","https://openalex.org/W2054890126","https://openalex.org/W2058964245","https://openalex.org/W2061198706","https://openalex.org/W2076646808","https://openalex.org/W2083464796","https://openalex.org/W2087900299","https://openalex.org/W2093452157","https://openalex.org/W2094946533","https://openalex.org/W2096682311","https://openalex.org/W2097003268","https://openalex.org/W2132233185","https://openalex.org/W2151230100","https://openalex.org/W2166876345","https://openalex.org/W2168745266","https://openalex.org/W2175316078","https://openalex.org/W2317038832","https://openalex.org/W2345622225","https://openalex.org/W2460261456","https://openalex.org/W2475954885","https://openalex.org/W2489770917","https://openalex.org/W2559220807","https://openalex.org/W2563538858","https://openalex.org/W2769517476","https://openalex.org/W2781738570","https://openalex.org/W2904358364","https://openalex.org/W2953351353","https://openalex.org/W2979379453","https://openalex.org/W2990427812","https://openalex.org/W2992744752","https://openalex.org/W2999055512","https://openalex.org/W3014194561","https://openalex.org/W3041793856","https://openalex.org/W3081787041","https://openalex.org/W3120397720","https://openalex.org/W3194253311","https://openalex.org/W3213679789","https://openalex.org/W4206182353","https://openalex.org/W4242289937","https://openalex.org/W4283169288","https://openalex.org/W4289705137","https://openalex.org/W4308518346","https://openalex.org/W4313471505","https://openalex.org/W4391023177","https://openalex.org/W4401483885","https://openalex.org/W4404142483","https://openalex.org/W4414739478","https://openalex.org/W4415322229","https://openalex.org/W4417328229","https://openalex.org/W7118928815","https://openalex.org/W7128390587"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{")":[0],"forage":[1],"on":[2],"plant":[3,42,104,159,171],"resources":[4,19,43,179],"located":[5],"both":[6,98],"above":[7],"and":[8,71,76,88,100,113,124,167,177],"below":[9],"the":[10,38,46,55,111,129,134,143,165,189],"soil":[11],"surface,":[12],"but":[13],"it":[14],"remains":[15],"unclear":[16],"whether":[17],"these":[18,153],"are":[20],"exploited":[21],"simultaneously":[22],"or":[23],"used":[24],"as":[25],"complementary":[26,154],"food":[27,155],"pools":[28,156],"according":[29,157],"to":[30,158],"season.":[31],"This":[32,181],"study":[33],"examined":[34],"seasonal":[35,93,131,162],"changes":[36,163],"in":[37,57,97,122,164],"use":[39],"of":[40,49,170],"understory":[41],"by":[44],"analyzing":[45],"stomach":[47],"contents":[48],"470":[50],"wild":[51,149],"boars":[52,150],"collected":[53],"throughout":[54,142],"year":[56],"central":[58],"Poland.":[59],"Four":[60],"dietary":[61,101],"fractions":[62],"were":[63,79,95],"quantified:":[64],"grass":[65,69,107,138],"leaves,":[66,68,108],"herb":[67,72],"roots,":[70],"roots.":[73],"Their":[74],"frequency":[75],"proportional":[77],"contribution":[78],"compared":[80],"among":[81],"six":[82],"phenological":[83],"seasons":[84],"using":[85],"non-parametric":[86],"statistics":[87],"generalized":[89],"linear":[90],"models.":[91],"Significant":[92],"differences":[94],"found":[96],"occurrence":[99],"contribution.":[102],"Aboveground":[103],"parts,":[105],"particularly":[106],"dominated":[109],"during":[110,133],"Greening":[112],"Flowering":[114],"periods,":[115],"whereas":[116],"underground":[117],"organs":[118],"became":[119],"more":[120],"important":[121],"autumn":[123],"winter.":[125],"Herb":[126],"roots":[127,139],"showed":[128],"strongest":[130],"increase":[132],"Shedding":[135],"season,":[136],"while":[137],"remained":[140],"uncommon":[141],"year.":[144],"Our":[145],"findings":[146],"indicate":[147],"that":[148],"switch":[151],"between":[152],"phenology,":[160],"tracking":[161],"availability":[166],"nutritional":[168],"quality":[169],"tissues":[172],"rather":[173],"than":[174],"exploiting":[175],"aboveground":[176],"belowground":[178],"indiscriminately.":[180],"flexible":[182],"foraging":[183],"strategy":[184],"provides":[185],"new":[186],"insight":[187],"into":[188],"ecological":[190],"mechanisms":[191],"underlying":[192],"rooting":[193],"behavior.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-16T18:09:00.828671","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}