{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204530346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","title":"Finding Meaning beyond Words: A Qualitative Study of EFL Students\u2019 Online Dictionary Use","display_name":"Finding Meaning beyond Words: A Qualitative Study of EFL Students\u2019 Online Dictionary Use","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204530346","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","pdf_url":"https://journalpbi.ukdw.ac.id/index.php/SAGA/article/download/272/107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201697","display_name":"SAGA Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2715-7512","issn":["2715-7512","2716-0246"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315110","host_organization_name":"Duta Wacana Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duta Wacana Christian University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journalpbi.ukdw.ac.id/index.php/SAGA/article/download/272/107","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038627677","display_name":"Susanti Malasari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139804","display_name":"Universitas Tidar","ror":"https://ror.org/04qa18r22","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susanti Malasari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Tidar, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Tidar, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088736206","display_name":"Paulina Besty Fortinasari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139804","display_name":"Universitas Tidar","ror":"https://ror.org/04qa18r22","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulina Besty Fortinasari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Tidar, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Tidar, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037513968","display_name":"Lemmuela Alvita Kurniawati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146112026","display_name":"Duta Wacana Christian University","ror":"https://ror.org/036agwg70","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146112026"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lemmuela Alvita Kurniawati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I146112026"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036162705","display_name":"Widya Mas Mardavam Jayanti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139804","display_name":"Universitas Tidar","ror":"https://ror.org/04qa18r22","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Widya Mas Mardavam Jayanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Tidar, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Tidar, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139804"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65965907,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"208","last_page":"224"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.5644999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.5644999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12353","display_name":"Lexicography and Language Studies","score":0.22509999573230743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14516","display_name":"English Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.19699999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-dictionaries","display_name":"online dictionaries","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-learners","display_name":"EFL learners","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-reading","display_name":"intensive reading","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary-acquisition","display_name":"vocabulary acquisition","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/google-translate","display_name":"Google Translate","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-preferences","display_name":"student preferences","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-learning-tools","display_name":"digital learning tools","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"English as a foreign language","score":0.640999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.6963000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.5723000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.5683000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.49880000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.46230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.43970000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779236577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421970","display_name":"Extensive reading","level":3,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142546437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661195","display_name":"Descriptive research","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986087404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15946010","display_name":"Online learning","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150856459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034367","display_name":"Word recognition","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","pdf_url":"https://journalpbi.ukdw.ac.id/index.php/SAGA/article/download/272/107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201697","display_name":"SAGA Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2715-7512","issn":["2715-7512","2716-0246"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315110","host_organization_name":"Duta Wacana Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duta Wacana Christian University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21460/saga.2026.72.272","pdf_url":"https://journalpbi.ukdw.ac.id/index.php/SAGA/article/download/272/107","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201697","display_name":"SAGA Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","issn_l":"2715-7512","issn":["2715-7512","2716-0246"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315110","host_organization_name":"Duta Wacana Christian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315110"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Duta Wacana Christian University"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SAGA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8968800902366638,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204530346.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204530346.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"digital":[1],"learning":[2],"contexts,":[3],"online":[4,43,55,140,160],"dictionaries":[5,19,44,56,141,161],"have":[6],"become":[7],"a":[8,73,106,163],"common":[9],"tool":[10],"EFL":[11],"students":[12,92,132],"use":[13,41],"to":[14,23,143,182],"support":[15],"reading":[16,35,48,68,97,169,173],"comprehension.":[17],"Online":[18],"provide":[20],"quick":[21],"access":[22],"word":[24,149],"meanings,":[25],"pronunciation,":[26],"and":[27,60,79,153,175],"contextual":[28],"usage,":[29],"which":[30],"are":[31],"useful":[32],"in":[33,45,94,99,109,151,166,171],"intensive":[34,47,96,172],"activities.":[36,69],"This":[37],"study":[38,71],"investigates":[39],"the":[40,52,83,177],"of":[42,54],"an":[46,95,100],"class,":[49],"focusing":[50],"on":[51],"types":[53],"used,":[57],"students\u2019":[58,168],"preferences,":[59],"their":[61,184],"reasons":[62],"for":[63,179],"using":[64,77,118,139],"these":[65],"tools":[66],"during":[67],"The":[70,88,113,127],"employed":[72],"qualitative":[74],"research":[75],"design,":[76],"questionnaires":[78],"semi-structured":[80],"interviews":[81],"as":[82],"main":[84],"data":[85,115,123],"collection":[86],"instruments.":[87],"participants":[89],"were":[90,116,124],"10":[91],"enrolled":[93],"class":[98],"English":[101],"Education":[102],"Study":[103],"Program":[104],"at":[105],"state":[107],"university":[108],"Central":[110],"Java,":[111],"Indonesia.":[112],"questionnaire":[114],"analyzed":[117,125],"descriptive":[119],"statistics,":[120],"while":[121],"interview":[122],"thematically.":[126],"findings":[128,157],"indicate":[129],"that":[130,159],"most":[131],"frequently":[133],"used":[134],"Google":[135],"Translate.":[136],"Students":[137],"reported":[138],"mainly":[142],"understand":[144],"unfamiliar":[145],"vocabulary,":[146],"identify":[147],"appropriate":[148],"usage":[150],"context,":[152],"check":[154],"pronunciation.":[155],"These":[156],"suggest":[158],"play":[162],"significant":[164],"role":[165],"supporting":[167],"comprehension":[170],"classes":[174],"highlight":[176],"need":[178],"pedagogical":[180],"guidance":[181],"optimize":[183],"effective":[185],"use.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}