{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204523974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","title":"The Effectiveness of Hedges and Boosters in the Writing of Freshmen Education Students","display_name":"The Effectiveness of Hedges and Boosters in the Writing of Freshmen Education Students","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204523974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","pdf_url":"https://www.dinkumpublishers.com/archive/djsi/DJSI%20Vol.%204%20No.%2010%20%282025%29/Vol.%204%20No.10%20%282025%29%20732-747%20%28D-0528%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053963","display_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","issn_l":"3078-2929","issn":["3078-2929","3078-2937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204523974"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.dinkumpublishers.com/archive/djsi/DJSI%20Vol.%204%20No.%2010%20%282025%29/Vol.%204%20No.10%20%282025%29%20732-747%20%28D-0528%29.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148477702","display_name":"Jenny B. Dela Pena","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281615","display_name":"King's College of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqh9h51","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenny B. Dela Pena","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148481867","display_name":"Valerie M. Sacpa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281615","display_name":"King's College of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqh9h51","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie M. Sacpa","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148524943","display_name":"Dan Joshua K. Samonte","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281615","display_name":"King's College of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqh9h51","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Joshua K. Samonte","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148488170","display_name":"Feberose Dino Totanes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405281615","display_name":"King's College of the Philippines","ror":"https://ror.org/04mqh9h51","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feberose Dino Totanes","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College of the Philippines, La Trinidad, Benguet 2601, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405281615"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"10","first_page":"732","last_page":"732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.5814999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.3840000033378601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hedges","display_name":"hedges","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/booster","display_name":"boosters","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metadiscourse","display_name":"metadiscourse","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-writing","display_name":"academic writing","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-skills","display_name":"writing skills","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"English as a foreign language","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/writing-instruction","display_name":"writing instruction","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-awareness","display_name":"language awareness","score":0.4659999907016754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30038468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4354775","display_name":"Memorization","level":2,"score":0.6557000279426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.642799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6406000256538391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.44780001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119867837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4119870","display_name":"Academic writing","level":2,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777898490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17157236","display_name":"Writing assessment","level":2,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.37450000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104182661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899632","display_name":"Study skills","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778498041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915466","display_name":"Academic year","level":2,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781206393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748419","display_name":"Academic achievement","level":2,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987496018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1860","display_name":"English language","level":2,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.30399999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993683129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162633","display_name":"Academic skills","level":2,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780790391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149626","display_name":"Written language","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","pdf_url":"https://www.dinkumpublishers.com/archive/djsi/DJSI%20Vol.%204%20No.%2010%20%282025%29/Vol.%204%20No.10%20%282025%29%20732-747%20%28D-0528%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053963","display_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","issn_l":"3078-2929","issn":["3078-2929","3078-2937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71017/djsi.4.10.d-0528","pdf_url":"https://www.dinkumpublishers.com/archive/djsi/DJSI%20Vol.%204%20No.%2010%20%282025%29/Vol.%204%20No.10%20%282025%29%20732-747%20%28D-0528%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407053963","display_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","issn_l":"3078-2929","issn":["3078-2929","3078-2937"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Dinkum Journal of Social Innovations","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9901999831199646,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204523974.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204523974.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380629363","https://openalex.org/W4404928167","https://openalex.org/W4406298296","https://openalex.org/W4413062716","https://openalex.org/W4413063321","https://openalex.org/W7125934557","https://openalex.org/W7127409350","https://openalex.org/W7130641078","https://openalex.org/W7154967897","https://openalex.org/W7160876290","https://openalex.org/W7161594175","https://openalex.org/W7161842084","https://openalex.org/W7162647631","https://openalex.org/W7163908809","https://openalex.org/W7168015445","https://openalex.org/W7168236122","https://openalex.org/W7170156907"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W37926076","https://openalex.org/W7038215370","https://openalex.org/W4293220867","https://openalex.org/W210693112","https://openalex.org/W4406298296","https://openalex.org/W4415689035","https://openalex.org/W2274724236","https://openalex.org/W7164334418","https://openalex.org/W7161565411","https://openalex.org/W2971487272"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Writing":[0,29],"is":[1,18,23,38],"considered":[2],"one":[3],"of":[4,54,62,93,96,193,195,211,255,276],"the":[5,9,48,52,59,63,81,91,167,191,196,209,230,253,271,274],"essential":[6,40,123],"skills":[7,61,95],"in":[8,34,58,137,160,280],"English":[10],"language,":[11],"alongside":[12],"speaking,":[13],"reading,":[14],"and":[15,26,37,56,84,102,126,143,153,186,190,213,235,242,283],"listening.":[16],"It":[17,227],"widely":[19],"acknowledged":[20],"that":[21,42,107,169,229],"writing":[22,60,94,162,261],"a":[24,31,70,134,157,172],"multifaceted":[25],"intricate":[27],"process.":[28],"plays":[30],"crucial":[32],"role":[33,275],"academic":[35,128,257,285],"success":[36],"an":[39],"skill":[41],"students":[43,99,111,177,244,265],"need":[44],"to":[45,89,109,117,140,201,219,233,245,267],"develop.":[46],"Hence,":[47],"study":[49,68,272],"focused":[50],"on":[51,100],"effectiveness":[53,194],"Hedges":[55],"Boosters":[57],"Freshmen":[64],"Education":[65],"Students.":[66],"The":[67,104,130,148,164],"employed":[69],"quantitative":[71],"\u2013":[72],"quasi-experimental":[73],"design":[74],"specifically":[75],"one-":[76],"Group":[77],"Pretest-Posttest":[78],"Design.":[79],"In":[80],"study,":[82],"pre-test":[83,152],"post-test":[85,131,154],"assessments":[86],"were":[87,217],"used":[88],"determine":[90],"level":[92,192],"freshmen":[97],"education":[98],"hedges":[101,142,212],"boosters.":[103],"findings":[105,251],"imply":[106],"prior":[108],"instruction;":[110],"had":[112],"not":[113,206],"received":[114],"sufficient":[115],"exposure":[116],"Meta":[118,277],"discourse":[119,258,278],"elements,":[120],"which":[121],"are":[122],"for":[124,264],"nuanced":[125],"persuasive":[127],"writing.":[129,226],"results":[132,165],"indicated":[133],"substantial":[135],"improvement":[136],"students\u2019":[138,161],"ability":[139],"use":[141],"boosters":[144],"following":[145],"targeted":[146],"instruction.":[147],"statistical":[149],"analysis":[150],"comparing":[151],"scores":[155],"revealed":[156],"significant":[158],"difference":[159],"performance.":[163],"support":[166],"notion":[168],"even":[170],"within":[171],"relatively":[173],"short":[174],"instructional":[175],"period,":[176],"can":[178],"acquire":[179],"complex":[180],"language":[181,240],"strategies":[182,259],"when":[183],"taught":[184],"systematically":[185],"through":[187],"practical":[188,236],"application;":[189],"teaching":[197],"intervention":[198],"was":[199],"determined":[200],"be":[202],"high.":[203],"Students":[204],"did":[205],"merely":[207],"memorize":[208],"functions":[210],"boosters;":[214],"rather,":[215],"they":[216],"able":[218],"integrate":[220],"these":[221],"features":[222],"meaningfully":[223],"into":[224,260],"their":[225],"indicates":[228],"instruction":[231,279],"led":[232],"internalization":[234],"application,":[237],"fostering":[238],"critical":[239],"awareness":[241],"empowering":[243],"make":[246],"strategic":[247],"linguistic":[248],"choices.":[249],"These":[250],"underscore":[252],"importance":[254],"incorporating":[256],"instruction,":[262],"particularly":[263],"transitioning":[266],"higher":[268],"education.":[269],"Overall,":[270],"reinforces":[273],"cultivating":[281],"confident":[282],"competent":[284],"writers.":[286]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-29T00:00:00"}
