{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204493773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","title":"The network structure of research on artificial intelligence in school leadership and management: insights from a multi-method approach","display_name":"The network structure of research on artificial intelligence in school leadership and management: insights from a multi-method approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204493773","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021507034","display_name":"Turgut Karak\u00f6se","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-8154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0346-8154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018710136","display_name":"K\u00fctahya Dumlup\u0131nar \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/03jtrja12","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018710136"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Turgut Karak\u00f6se","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, K\u00fctahya Dumlup\u0131nar University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, K\u00fctahya Dumlup\u0131nar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018710136"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065751425","display_name":"Orhun Kaptan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-9365","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-9365"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orhun Kaptan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Science and Art Center, MoNE"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Science and Art Center, MoNE","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067115767","display_name":"G\u00fclenay Nagihan K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-8537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-8537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146544","display_name":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mma4681","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146544"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fclenay Nagihan K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vak\u0131f University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vak\u0131f University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038722796","display_name":"Ramazan Yirci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-7420","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4696-7420"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46017","display_name":"Kahramanmara\u015f S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc \u0130mam University","ror":"https://ror.org/03gn5cg19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46017"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramazan Yirci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Sutcuimam University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Sutcuimam University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46017"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031971960","display_name":"\u0130brahim Kocaba\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3540-2427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3540-2427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Kocaba\u015f","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021507034"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018710136"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60765885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10102","display_name":"scientometrics and bibliometrics research","score":0.92330002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.008500000461935997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13284","display_name":"Psychology Research and Bibliometrics","score":0.00800000037997961,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-education","display_name":"artificial intelligence in education","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-leadership","display_name":"school leadership","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-management","display_name":"school management","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citation-networks","display_name":"citation networks","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preferential-attachment","display_name":"preferential attachment","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-random-graph-models","display_name":"exponential random graph models","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-centrality","display_name":"network centrality","score":0.46299999952316284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778805511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1713","display_name":"Citation","level":2,"score":0.7947999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114713312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551269","display_name":"Social network analysis","level":3,"score":0.48559999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105345328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206276","display_name":"Citation analysis","level":3,"score":0.4447999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32946077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618079","display_name":"Network analysis","level":2,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30549945","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421526","display_name":"Exponential random graph models","level":4,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137753397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434424","display_name":"Network science","level":3,"score":0.36250001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199335787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743364","display_name":"Negative binomial distribution","level":3,"score":0.33889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355654","display_name":"Informetrics","level":3,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780600066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239828","display_name":"Preferential attachment","level":3,"score":0.287200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988224531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20830730","display_name":"Network structure","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778793908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5122404","display_name":"Citation impact","level":3,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:acikerisim.fsm.edu.tr:11352/6312","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11352/6312","pdf_url":"https://acikerisim.fsm.edu.tr/bitstreams/7fbe8ff6-f3e7-4ce2-bf7e-e7775ba86f66/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400556","display_name":"DSpace@FSM (FSM Vakif University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210146544","host_organization_name":"Fatih Sultan Mehmet Waqf University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146544"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1877606/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204493773.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204493773.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970859146","https://openalex.org/W2000042664","https://openalex.org/W2005207065","https://openalex.org/W2042047283","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2108680868","https://openalex.org/W2125315567","https://openalex.org/W2130354913","https://openalex.org/W2145402497","https://openalex.org/W2478612426","https://openalex.org/W2753666478","https://openalex.org/W2989792025","https://openalex.org/W3011106018","https://openalex.org/W3130194449","https://openalex.org/W3132739798","https://openalex.org/W4320712608","https://openalex.org/W4382062567","https://openalex.org/W4386203924","https://openalex.org/W4386253898","https://openalex.org/W4392566184","https://openalex.org/W4394938749","https://openalex.org/W4399628791","https://openalex.org/W4402543458","https://openalex.org/W4403981746","https://openalex.org/W4404047791","https://openalex.org/W4404118208","https://openalex.org/W4404141714","https://openalex.org/W4406298233","https://openalex.org/W4407287914","https://openalex.org/W4407756794","https://openalex.org/W4409150285","https://openalex.org/W4410171190","https://openalex.org/W4410916277","https://openalex.org/W4411509786","https://openalex.org/W4412729063","https://openalex.org/W4412765563","https://openalex.org/W4415972576","https://openalex.org/W4416021824","https://openalex.org/W4416113364","https://openalex.org/W4416941403","https://openalex.org/W7124921238","https://openalex.org/W7125008789","https://openalex.org/W7126107966","https://openalex.org/W7126113134","https://openalex.org/W7128160333"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7161812578","https://openalex.org/W7202272289","https://openalex.org/W7223360258","https://openalex.org/W7222566531","https://openalex.org/W7133562715","https://openalex.org/W7219942637","https://openalex.org/W7154889935","https://openalex.org/W7160757492","https://openalex.org/W4412918792","https://openalex.org/W4409994284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Even":[0],"though":[1],"Artificial":[2],"Intelligence":[3],"has":[4,20,53,61],"become":[5],"a":[6,88,102,147,189,197,205],"rapidly":[7],"growing":[8],"research":[9,37,42,254],"focus":[10],"in":[11,111,227,255],"the":[12,26,74,81,97,135,164,177,228,232,238,249,265],"field":[13,38],"of":[14,33,69,77,84,101,105,150,163,192,240,252],"school":[15,112,256],"leadership":[16,113,257],"and":[17,30,56,66,72,91,114,124,141,160,171,199,258,272],"management,":[18],"it":[19],"not":[21],"been":[22,62],"statistically":[23],"examined":[24],"how":[25],"knowledge":[27],"production":[28],"structure":[29,100,202,251],"citation":[31,70,78,98,137,180,201,218,225,267],"networks":[32],"this":[34,94,241],"exponentially":[35],"developing":[36],"are":[39,166],"constituted.":[40],"Previous":[41],"employing":[43],"techniques":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46],"thematic":[47,65,174],"analysis,":[48,123],"co-word,":[49],"or":[50],"descriptive":[51],"mapping":[52],"yielded":[54],"themes":[55],"trends;":[57],"however,":[58],"limited":[59,148],"attention":[60],"paid":[63],"to":[64,73,237,246],"regional":[67],"clustering":[68],"ties":[71],"cumulative":[75],"advantage":[76],"counts":[79,226],"for":[80],"further":[82],"visibility":[83],"scientific":[85],"works.":[86],"Using":[87],"systematic-search-based":[89],"scientometric":[90],"citation-network":[92],"design,":[93],"study":[95,244],"examines":[96],"network":[99,138,165,268],"constructed":[103],"corpus":[104],"105":[106],"peer-reviewed":[107],"studies":[108,156],"on":[109,248],"AI":[110,253],"management":[115,259],"through":[116],"Exponential":[117],"Random":[118],"Graph":[119],"Models":[120],"(ERGMs),":[121],"power-law":[122],"negative":[125],"binomial":[126,211],"regression.":[127],"The":[128],"analysis":[129],"revealed":[130],"three":[131],"key":[132],"findings:":[133],"First,":[134],"observed":[136,266],"is":[139,182,269],"sparse":[140],"centralized,":[142,271],"with":[143,185,223],"citations":[144,186],"concentrated":[145,187],"around":[146,188],"number":[149,191],"high-impact":[151],"core":[152],"studies.":[153],"Second,":[154],"intermediary":[155],"that":[157,214,264],"connect":[158],"central":[159],"peripheral":[161],"parts":[162],"limited,":[167],"suggesting":[168],"weak":[169],"brokerage":[170],"only":[172],"emerging":[173],"sub-clustering":[175],"within":[176],"corpus.":[178],"Third,":[179],"accumulation":[181],"highly":[183,193],"uneven,":[184],"small":[190],"visible":[194],"studies,":[195],"indicating":[196],"heavy-tailed":[198],"visibility-linked":[200],"rather":[203],"than":[204],"confirmed":[206],"temporal":[207],"preferential-attachment":[208],"mechanism.":[209],"Negative":[210],"regression":[212],"showed":[213],"broader":[215],"Google":[216],"Scholar":[217],"recognition":[219],"was":[220],"positively":[221],"associated":[222],"within-corpus":[224],"primary":[229],"model,":[230],"whereas":[231],"remaining":[233],"coefficients":[234],"were":[235],"sensitive":[236],"exclusion":[239],"variable.":[242],"This":[243],"contributes":[245],"discussions":[247],"epistemic":[250],"by":[260],"providing":[261],"corpus-based":[262],"evidence":[263],"sparse,":[270],"uneven.":[273]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2026-08-28T00:00:00"}