{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204481857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13","title":"Animals as Outlier","display_name":"Animals as Outlier","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204481857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781003596837-13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animal and Vegan Advocacy","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204453465","display_name":"Animal and Vegan Advocacy"},"type":"book-chapter","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071303176","display_name":"Maneesha Deckha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-3687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5643-3687"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maneesha Deckha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148447109","display_name":"Renee Rogers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renee Rogers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"168","last_page":"181"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14206","display_name":"Animal Law and Welfare","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14206","display_name":"Animal Law and Welfare","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12895","display_name":"Environmental law and policy","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14036","display_name":"Literary and Philosophical Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-of-law","display_name":"rule of law","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-personhood","display_name":"animal personhood","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-rights","display_name":"animal rights","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-personality","display_name":"legal personality","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-exceptionalism","display_name":"human exceptionalism","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-property","display_name":"animal property","score":0.36800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canadian-law","display_name":"Canadian law","score":0.5410000085830688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777451423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629962","display_name":"Arbitrariness","level":2,"score":0.9519000053405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780900520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q100268981","display_name":"Denial","level":2,"score":0.5228000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776847301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44918","display_name":"Rule of law","level":3,"score":0.5013999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.476500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.43779999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993791327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2628882","display_name":"Legal status","level":2,"score":0.4357999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.42579999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.41909998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779891390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964630","display_name":"Custodians","level":2,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992936063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216200","display_name":"Legal norm","level":2,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162040827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126842","display_name":"Philosophy of law","level":3,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131330614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779167","display_name":"Legal realism","level":3,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162723807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1911852","display_name":"Legal opinion","level":5,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100701532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374244","display_name":"Empirical legal studies","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780865100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488994","display_name":"Sentience","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780677400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4122235","display_name":"Civil law (Civil law)","level":3,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183763965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603959","display_name":"Proportionality (law)","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170706310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30216","display_name":"Common law","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4324/9781003596837-13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003596837-13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463855","display_name":"Routledge eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319847","host_organization_name":"Routledge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319847","https://openalex.org/P4310320547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Routledge","Taylor & Francis"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Animal and Vegan Advocacy","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9200000166893005}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W67514008","https://openalex.org/W4409056982","https://openalex.org/W7124425451","https://openalex.org/W4297539718","https://openalex.org/W2473709920","https://openalex.org/W2179060167","https://openalex.org/W2964147932","https://openalex.org/W837466341","https://openalex.org/W4411362561","https://openalex.org/W7131239100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"recent":[1],"legal":[2,8,28,41,75,83,95,122,134,151,165],"challenges":[3],"seeking":[4,241],"to":[5,23,45,106,175,214,236,242],"elevate":[6],"animals\u2019":[7,74,216],"status":[9,123,219],"and":[10,16,43,104,120,128,191,195,224],"improve":[11],"their":[12],"conditions":[13],"of":[14,20,51,63,66,73,102,143,161,172,180,202,230,246,251],"existence":[15],"growing":[17,238],"public":[18],"awareness":[19],"the":[21,37,47,60,64,71,99,141,170,178,199,228,237,244,249],"need":[22,38],"question":[24],"human":[25],"exceptionalism,":[26],"little":[27],"reform":[29],"for":[30,39,97,124,130,136],"animals":[31,107,154,203],"has":[32,145],"been":[33,133],"successful.":[34],"This":[35,167,232],"heightens":[36],"new":[40],"strategies":[42],"arguments":[44],"influence":[46],"law":[48,67,87,247],"in":[49,158,193],"favor":[50],"animals.":[52,252],"One":[53],"such":[54,118],"argument":[55],"could":[56],"be":[57],"based":[58],"on":[59],"revered":[61],"concept":[62],"rule":[65,179,229,245],",":[68],"pointing":[69],"out":[70],"arbitrariness":[72,192],"treatment":[76,201],"as":[77,88,108,149,184,222],"property":[78],"when":[79],"other":[80,114,205],"nonhumans":[81,115,162,206,221],"are":[82,164],"persons.":[84,166],"Taking":[85],"Canadian":[86],"a":[89,109,137,147,150,185],"departure":[90],"point,":[91],"this":[92,159,173],"chapter":[93,168],"articulates":[94],"grounds":[96],"considering":[98],"ongoing":[100],"denial":[101],"personhood":[103],"rights":[105],"rule-of-law":[110],"violation":[111],"given":[112],"that":[113,210],"have":[116,132],"enjoyed":[117],"elevated":[119],"protected":[121],"centuries.":[125],"Corporations,":[126],"ships,":[127],"municipalities,":[129],"example,":[131],"persons":[135],"long":[138],"time.":[139],"Recently,":[140],"province":[142],"Quebec":[144],"recognized":[146],"river":[148],"person.":[152],"Notably,":[153],"do":[155],"not":[156],"figure":[157],"cohort":[160],"who":[163],"probes":[169],"effect":[171],"disparity":[174],"ask:":[176],"Is":[177],"law,":[181],"which":[182],"serves":[183],"minimum":[186],"shield":[187],"against":[188],"government":[189],"tyranny":[190],"laws":[194],"decision-making,":[196],"offended":[197],"by":[198],"differential":[200],"vis-\u00e0-vis":[204],"?":[207],"We":[208],"argue":[209],"it":[211],"is":[212],"reasonable":[213],"view":[215],"much":[217],"lower":[218],"among":[220],"\u201carbitrary\u201d":[223],"thus":[225,234],"discordant":[226],"with":[227,248],"law.":[231],"analysis":[233],"contributes":[235],"advocacy-focused":[239],"literature":[240],"pair":[243],"plight":[250]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-08-28T00:00:00"}