{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204475203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","title":"Sessile invertebrate assemblages on artificial structures at a commercial kelp farm and on natural substrates at an adjacent kelp forest site, L\u00fcderitz, Namibia: baseline patterns of spatial and temporal variation","display_name":"Sessile invertebrate assemblages on artificial structures at a commercial kelp farm and on natural substrates at an adjacent kelp forest site, L\u00fcderitz, Namibia: baseline patterns of spatial and temporal variation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204475203","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157918159","display_name":"Aquatic Ecology","issn_l":"1386-2588","issn":["1386-2588","1573-5125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aquatic Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9537748/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137119690","display_name":"Dortea Nghipulenga Kunamongula Hamukoto","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217085601","display_name":"University of Namibia","ror":"https://ror.org/016xje988","country_code":"NA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217085601"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284091","display_name":"Kelp Blue (Namibia)","ror":"https://ror.org/02xdsy150","country_code":"NA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405284091"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285587","display_name":"Kelp Forest Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05qmvdc83","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285587"]}],"countries":["NA","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dortea Hamukoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, North Dune, Henties Bay, Namibia","Department of Research, Kelp Forest Foundation, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands","Marine Monitoring Department, Kelp Blue, Luderitz, ||Karas Region, Namibia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, North Dune, Henties Bay, Namibia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217085601"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Kelp Forest Foundation, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marine Monitoring Department, Kelp Blue, Luderitz, ||Karas Region, Namibia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405284091"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017541025","display_name":"Lineekela Kandjengo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9168-4676","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9168-4676"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217085601","display_name":"University of Namibia","ror":"https://ror.org/016xje988","country_code":"NA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217085601"]}],"countries":["NA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lineekela Kandjengo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, North Dune, Henties Bay, Namibia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, University of Namibia, North Dune, Henties Bay, Namibia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217085601"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084865138","display_name":"Tamuka Nhiwatiwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-0724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-0724"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285587","display_name":"Kelp Forest Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05qmvdc83","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285587"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamuka Nhiwatiwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research, Kelp Forest Foundation, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research, Kelp Forest Foundation, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5137119690"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217085601","https://openalex.org/I4405284091","https://openalex.org/I4405285587"],"apc_list":{"value":3790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55268994,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10765","display_name":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","score":0.7354000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10765","display_name":"Marine Biology and Ecology Research","score":0.7354000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10643","display_name":"Marine and coastal plant biology","score":0.21439999341964722,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12213","display_name":"Marine Ecology and Invasive Species","score":0.019099999219179153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kelp-aquaculture","display_name":"kelp aquaculture","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kelp-forests","display_name":"kelp forests","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sessile-invertebrates","display_name":"sessile invertebrates","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fouling-communities","display_name":"fouling communities","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-substrates","display_name":"artificial substrates","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-substrates","display_name":"natural substrates","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/species-richness","display_name":"species richness","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-composition","display_name":"community composition","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-variation","display_name":"temporal variation","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"spatial variability","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mytilida","display_name":"Mytilida","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balanomorpha","display_name":"Balanomorpha","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sponges","display_name":"sponges","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bryozoa","display_name":"Bryozoa","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polychaetes","display_name":"Polychaeta","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benguela-upwelling-system","display_name":"Benguela upwelling","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/luderitz","display_name":"L\u00fcderitz","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153274386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575913","display_name":"Kelp forest","level":3,"score":0.8794999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776705890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1055316","display_name":"Kelp","level":2,"score":0.8111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6751000285148621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13474642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43806","display_name":"Invertebrate","level":2,"score":0.6455000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175570560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2029312","display_name":"Ordination","level":2,"score":0.6359000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115880899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124247","display_name":"Bay","level":2,"score":0.6122000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.5857999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779110813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278392","display_name":"Macrocystis pyrifera","level":3,"score":0.5623999834060669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.4690999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.45750001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133079900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5155065","display_name":"Community structure","level":2,"score":0.41040000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7632154","display_name":"Substrate (aquarium)","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.3727000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32120771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962054","display_name":"Ecosystem engineer","level":3,"score":0.3650999963283539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151152651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3304561","display_name":"Marine ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71640776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521","display_name":"Taxon","level":2,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56449476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188238","display_name":"Epiphyte","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777004236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2729486","display_name":"Shearwater","level":4,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777400808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q646660","display_name":"Seagrass","level":3,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158709400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3578586","display_name":"Spatial ecology","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88160329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47053","display_name":"Estuary","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134037308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6764288","display_name":"Marine habitats","level":3,"score":0.2605000138282776}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-026-10337-8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157918159","display_name":"Aquatic Ecology","issn_l":"1386-2588","issn":["1386-2588","1573-5125"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Aquatic Ecology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9537748/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9537748/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9537748/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":1.0,"display_name":"Life below water"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204475203.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204475203.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1108993300","https://openalex.org/W1498924612","https://openalex.org/W1976776048","https://openalex.org/W1999166171","https://openalex.org/W2004128153","https://openalex.org/W2022365525","https://openalex.org/W2024375215","https://openalex.org/W2036368878","https://openalex.org/W2039705951","https://openalex.org/W2043933290","https://openalex.org/W2077592196","https://openalex.org/W2088866322","https://openalex.org/W2090254593","https://openalex.org/W2107137343","https://openalex.org/W2113727904","https://openalex.org/W2122131085","https://openalex.org/W2133318337","https://openalex.org/W2133774945","https://openalex.org/W2136710590","https://openalex.org/W2166722801","https://openalex.org/W2168888990","https://openalex.org/W2554006092","https://openalex.org/W2561451817","https://openalex.org/W2589006297","https://openalex.org/W2606345480","https://openalex.org/W2738130800","https://openalex.org/W2790438007","https://openalex.org/W2850167186","https://openalex.org/W2899054875","https://openalex.org/W2901049800","https://openalex.org/W2999948177","https://openalex.org/W3045116033","https://openalex.org/W3119639892","https://openalex.org/W3126104052","https://openalex.org/W3135715181","https://openalex.org/W3174993126","https://openalex.org/W3181667301","https://openalex.org/W4210890695","https://openalex.org/W4294011128","https://openalex.org/W4315568034","https://openalex.org/W4407009174"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4321376006","https://openalex.org/W7169665606","https://openalex.org/W7221755735","https://openalex.org/W2296147225","https://openalex.org/W7166825771","https://openalex.org/W4415759782","https://openalex.org/W4313644326","https://openalex.org/W1983287970","https://openalex.org/W7133333888","https://openalex.org/W2850167186"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Kelp":[1],"aquaculture":[2,193],"is":[3],"expanding":[4],"globally,":[5],"yet":[6],"its":[7],"role":[8],"in":[9,28,43,54,186,213],"supporting":[10],"sessile":[11,25,72],"invertebrate":[12,26,73],"biodiversity":[13],"relative":[14],"to":[15,59,208],"natural":[16,30,86,151,209],"kelp":[17,31,38,87,94,125,135,152,180,192,210],"forests":[18],"remains":[19],"poorly":[20],"understood.":[21],"This":[22],"study":[23],"described":[24],"assemblage":[27,137,157,214],"a":[29,37,155],"forest":[32,88,153,181],"at":[33,40,84,92,174],"Diaz":[34],"Point":[35],"and":[36,65,105,130,147,162,168,204,222],"farm":[39,95,126,136],"Shearwater":[41],"Bay":[42],"Namibia\u2019s":[44],"Benguela":[45],"upwelling":[46],"system.":[47],"Sampling":[48],"was":[49,82,138,166],"conducted":[50],"across":[51,171],"multiple":[52],"months":[53,106],"2024":[55],"using":[56],"presence/absence":[57],"data":[58],"quantify":[60],"species":[61],"richness,":[62],"community":[63,99],"composition,":[64],"temporal":[66,114,184],"variation.":[67],"A":[68],"total":[69],"of":[70,145],"30":[71],"taxa":[74],"from":[75],"eight":[76],"phyla":[77],"were":[78,216],"recorded.":[79],"Species":[80],"richness":[81,203],"higher":[83],"the":[85,93,124,142,150,175,178],"(25":[89],"taxa)":[90],"than":[91,113],"(19":[96],"taxa).":[97],"Additionally,":[98],"composition":[100],"differed":[101],"significantly":[102],"between":[103,121],"sites":[104],"(PERMANOVA),":[107],"with":[108,123,219],"site":[109],"explaining":[110],"more":[111,128],"variation":[112],"effects.":[115],"Ordination":[116],"(PCoA)":[117],"indicated":[118],"clear":[119],"separation":[120],"assemblages,":[122],"showing":[127],"clustered":[129],"compositionally":[131],"similar":[132],"samples.":[133],"The":[134],"largely":[139],"characterized":[140],"by":[141],"frequent":[143],"occurrence":[144],"Mytilida":[146],"Balanomorpha,":[148],"whereas":[149],"supported":[154],"broader":[156],"including":[158],"sponges,":[159],"anemones,":[160],"bryozoans,":[161],"polychaetes.":[163],"Substrate":[164],"use":[165],"stable":[167],"evenly":[169],"distributed":[170],"artificial":[172],"structures":[173,194],"farm,":[176],"while":[177],"native":[179],"showed":[182],"greater":[183],"variability":[185],"substrate":[187],"occupation.":[188],"Results":[189],"indicate":[190],"that":[191],"support":[195],"distinct":[196],"fouling":[197],"communities":[198],"but":[199],"show":[200],"lower":[201],"taxonomic":[202],"compositional":[205],"heterogeneity":[206],"compared":[207],"forests.":[211],"Differences":[212],"patterns":[215],"primarily":[217],"associated":[218],"habitat":[220],"type":[221],"structural":[223],"context.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-08-28T00:00:00"}
