{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204286712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","title":"Negotiating Laughter: Power, Gender, and Classroom Discourse in Pakistani University Settings","display_name":"Negotiating Laughter: Power, Gender, and Classroom Discourse in Pakistani University Settings","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204286712","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5782/2223-2621.1594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","pdf_url":"https://kjhss.khazar.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1594&context=journal","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174076","display_name":"Khazar journal of humanities and social sciences","issn_l":"2223-2613","issn":["2223-2613","2223-2621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204286712"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://kjhss.khazar.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1594&context=journal","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119694783","display_name":"Maheen Zahra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maheen Zahra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English and Literary Studies, School of Liberal Arts, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English and Literary Studies, School of Liberal Arts, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065393930","display_name":"Rahat Bashir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-2215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9494-2215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rahat Bashir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of English and Literary Studies, School of Liberal Arts, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of English and Literary Studies, School of Liberal Arts, University of Management and Technology, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134610139","display_name":"Kanwal Zahra","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99165933","display_name":"University of Gujrat","ror":"https://ror.org/01xe5fb92","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99165933"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanwal Zahra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Languages and Translation Studies, University of Gujrat, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Languages and Translation Studies, University of Gujrat, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99165933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119694783"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1842,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95086213,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"2","first_page":"169","last_page":"190"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10383","display_name":"Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies","score":0.9458000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.013899999670684338,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.01080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laughter","display_name":"laughter","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-discourse","display_name":"classroom discourse","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-relations","display_name":"power relations","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-authority","display_name":"teacher authority","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classroom-norms","display_name":"classroom norms","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-markers","display_name":"boundary markers","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-participation","display_name":"student participation","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pakistani-universities","display_name":"Pakistani universities","score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-interaction","display_name":"peer interaction","score":0.4830000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780775679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170579","display_name":"Laughter","level":2,"score":0.9835000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132829578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581151","display_name":"Situated","level":2,"score":0.5909000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199776023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202875","display_name":"Negotiation","level":2,"score":0.5277000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4440999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84389358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129466","display_name":"Discourse analysis","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5782/2223-2621.1594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","pdf_url":"https://kjhss.khazar.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1594&context=journal","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174076","display_name":"Khazar journal of humanities and social sciences","issn_l":"2223-2613","issn":["2223-2613","2223-2621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:localhost:20.500.12323/8356","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12323/8356","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196472","display_name":"Khazar University Institutional Repository (Khazar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I113330528","host_organization_name":"Khazar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113330528"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5782/2223-2621.1594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.1594","pdf_url":"https://kjhss.khazar.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1594&context=journal","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174076","display_name":"Khazar journal of humanities and social sciences","issn_l":"2223-2613","issn":["2223-2613","2223-2621"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7677000164985657}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204286712.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204286712.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W586575924","https://openalex.org/W1595174343","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1995736844","https://openalex.org/W1997506216","https://openalex.org/W2001030071","https://openalex.org/W2004581066","https://openalex.org/W2019566340","https://openalex.org/W2053975651","https://openalex.org/W2063580423","https://openalex.org/W2129660502","https://openalex.org/W2152392867","https://openalex.org/W2163060850","https://openalex.org/W2534042272","https://openalex.org/W3164828044","https://openalex.org/W3216978580","https://openalex.org/W4230963028","https://openalex.org/W4283825278","https://openalex.org/W4307385094","https://openalex.org/W4323924734","https://openalex.org/W4390465322","https://openalex.org/W4394620105","https://openalex.org/W4398143569","https://openalex.org/W4399388904","https://openalex.org/W4399736673","https://openalex.org/W4400339987","https://openalex.org/W4406935993","https://openalex.org/W4406937323","https://openalex.org/W4412823951","https://openalex.org/W4413681501","https://openalex.org/W7126080352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038157564","https://openalex.org/W4399388904","https://openalex.org/W3147497787","https://openalex.org/W2013735435","https://openalex.org/W2565726670","https://openalex.org/W7151896429","https://openalex.org/W7219712046","https://openalex.org/W2086427025","https://openalex.org/W7152996760","https://openalex.org/W4406674684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57],"aim":[1],"of":[2,29,32,35,67,189],"this":[3],"study":[4],"is":[5,10,62,71,78,122,198],"to":[6,84,175],"explore":[7],"how":[8,46],"laughter":[9,48,61,98,117,146,149,185,197],"used":[11,79],"as":[12,80,90],"an":[13,65,186],"interactional":[14],"and":[15,52,88,105,124,138,152,158,194,206],"socially":[16],"situated":[17],"discourse":[18],"in":[19,143,160,183],"Pakistani":[20],"university":[21],"classrooms":[22],"at":[23,118],"different":[24],"academic":[25],"levels.":[26],"A":[27],"total":[28],"29":[30],"episodes":[31],"laughter,":[33],"out":[34],"32":[36],"observed":[37,135],"classrooms,":[38],"were":[39,156,165],"documented":[40],"through":[41,101],"detailed":[42],"field":[43],"notes,":[44],"analyzing":[45],"the":[47,55,95,112,119],"was":[49,133,150],"initiated,":[50],"processed,":[51],"regulated":[53,166],"within":[54],"classroom.":[56],"findings":[58],"revealed":[59],"that":[60,136],"not":[63],"only":[64],"expression":[66],"amusement,":[68],"but":[69],"it":[70],"also":[72,134],"a":[73,81,180,199],"complicated":[74],"communicative":[75],"discourse,":[76],"which":[77,108,127],"pedagogical":[82],"tool":[83],"maintain":[85],"power":[86],"hierarchies":[87],"relations":[89],"per":[91],"socio-cultural":[92],"norms.":[93],"At":[94],"undergraduate":[96],"level,":[97],"usually":[99],"emerges":[100],"peer":[102],"interaction,":[103],"errors,":[104],"witty":[106],"disruptions,":[107],"sometimes":[109],"slightly":[110],"challenge":[111],"teacher's":[113],"authority.":[114],"In":[115],"contrast,":[116],"postgraduate":[120],"level":[121],"intellectual":[123],"critically":[125],"engaging,":[126],"contributes":[128],"towards":[129],"further":[130],"learning.":[131],"It":[132],"male":[137],"female":[139],"students":[140],"behaved":[141],"differently":[142],"class":[144],"during":[145],"episodes;":[147],"females'":[148],"subtle":[151],"restricted,":[153],"while":[154,170,191],"males":[155,171],"overt":[157],"loud":[159],"their":[161],"expression.":[162],"Consequently,":[163],"females":[164],"just":[167],"by":[168],"gaze,":[169],"needed":[172],"verbal":[173],"instructions":[174],"be":[176],"disciplined.":[177],"Teachers":[178],"play":[179],"vital":[181],"role":[182],"making":[184],"instrumental":[187],"part":[188],"learning":[190],"balancing":[192],"authority":[193],"engagement.":[195],"So,":[196],"boundary":[200],"marker":[201],"where":[202],"classroom":[203],"norms,":[204],"power,":[205],"participation":[207],"are":[208],"continuously":[209],"negotiated.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}