{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204276650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","title":"Association between infant post-natal prophylaxis regimens and pretreatment HIV drug resistance in infected infants","display_name":"Association between infant post-natal prophylaxis regimens and pretreatment HIV drug resistance in infected infants","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204276650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42719148","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13553924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/epidemiology/articles/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179157","display_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","issn_l":"2674-1199","issn":["2674-1199"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/epidemiology/articles/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058207584","display_name":"Seth Chekata Inzaule","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-7391","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0155-7391"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151833","display_name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","ror":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seth C. Inzaule","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057770380","display_name":"Leonard Kingwara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-267X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-267X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5382-8053"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117370","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02eyff421","country_code":"KE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonard Kingwara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102761420","display_name":"Alani Suleiman Akanmu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-6060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7424-6060"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197610006","display_name":"University of Lagos","ror":"https://ror.org/05rk03822","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197610006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800848520","display_name":"Lagos University Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00gkd5869","country_code":"NG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800848520"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alani Sulaimon Akanmu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, and College of Medicine of the University of Lagos"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, and College of Medicine of the University of Lagos","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197610006","https://openalex.org/I2800848520"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080859236","display_name":"Raph L Hamers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-7896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5007-7896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151833","display_name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","ror":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4389425243","display_name":"Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Indonesia","ror":"https://ror.org/0139c4536","country_code":"ID","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149","https://openalex.org/I4210150114","https://openalex.org/I4389425243","https://openalex.org/I87048295"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["GB","ID","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raph L. Hamers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam","Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford","Faculty of Medicine, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Dept of Medicine, University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Oxford University Clinical Research Unit Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4389425243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052083685","display_name":"Michael R. Jordan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2177-0405","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2177-0405"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290900354","display_name":"Tufts Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/002hsbm82","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Jordan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center","Levey Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance, Tufts University School of Medicine"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290900354"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Levey Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance, Tufts University School of Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073676223","display_name":"Amalia Carolina Gir\u00f3n-Callejas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-0436","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-0436"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amalia Gir\u00f3n-Callejas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085023376","display_name":"Rukia Sarah Madada","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117370","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02eyff421","country_code":"KE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rukia S. Madada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089590988","display_name":"Lilly Muthoni Nyagah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3852-6695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3852-6695"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lilly Nyagah","raw_affiliation_strings":["National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074764265","display_name":"Vera M. Onwong'a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-7520","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-7520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117370","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02eyff421","country_code":"KE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vera Onwonga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011349295","display_name":"Martina Penazzato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-8692","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-8692"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martina Penazzato","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077500073","display_name":"Silvia Bertagnolio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-2581","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-2581"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Bertagnolio","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017120619","display_name":"Ajay Rangaraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-1339","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-1339"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajay Rangaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Health Organization"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Health Organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041195581","display_name":"Kamene Kimenye","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117370","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02eyff421","country_code":"KE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kamene Kimenye","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya National Public Health Institute, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031077871","display_name":"Tobias F. Rinke de Wit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-2564","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-2564"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124406","display_name":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/037n2rm85","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151833","display_name":"Amsterdam University Medical Centers","ror":"https://ror.org/05grdyy37","country_code":"NL","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151833"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I887064364","display_name":"University of Amsterdam","ror":"https://ror.org/04dkp9463","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias F. Rinke de Wit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development , and Department of Global Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I887064364"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148325044","display_name":"Andrew Mula","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Mula","raw_affiliation_strings":["National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National AIDS and STI Control Programme, Ministry of Health","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058207584"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124406","https://openalex.org/I4210151833","https://openalex.org/I887064364"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":3.6237,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85575764,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1887821","last_page":"1887821"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.8935999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10526","display_name":"HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","score":0.8935999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.10409999638795853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10625","display_name":"Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-drug-resistance","display_name":"HIV drug resistance","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nevirapine","display_name":"nevirapine","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zidovudine","display_name":"zidovudine","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nrti-resistance","display_name":"NRTI resistance","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nnrti-resistance","display_name":"NNRTI resistance","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mother-to-child-transmission","display_name":"mother-to-child transmission","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infected-infants","display_name":"HIV-infected infants","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antiretroviral-prophylaxis","display_name":"antiretroviral prophylaxis","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lamivudine-resistance","display_name":"lamivudine resistance","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tenofovir-resistance","display_name":"tenofovir resistance","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kenya","display_name":"Kenya","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":1.0}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8263000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779130552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263713","display_name":"Nevirapine","level":5,"score":0.7709000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780216070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198504","display_name":"Zidovudine","level":4,"score":0.7261999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.626800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31467283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912147","display_name":"Genotyping","level":4,"score":0.4603999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311463","display_name":"Sida","level":4,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.38420000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018457394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583050","display_name":"Antiretroviral drug","level":5,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778451633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5629934","display_name":"HIV drug resistance","level":5,"score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421559","display_name":"Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor","level":5,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779690655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374232","display_name":"Lentivirus","level":4,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/epidemiology/articles/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179157","display_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","issn_l":"2674-1199","issn":["2674-1199"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13553924","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13553924/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13553924/pdf/fepid-06-1887821.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Epidemiol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42719148","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42719148","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in epidemiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ac6f4165bdb3410cadfb800858190ea9","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ac6f4165bdb3410cadfb800858190ea9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology, Vol 6 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/epidemiology/articles/10.3389/fepid.2026.1887821/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210179157","display_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","issn_l":"2674-1199","issn":["2674-1199"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Epidemiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204276650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204276650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989701733","https://openalex.org/W2034016963","https://openalex.org/W2145519251","https://openalex.org/W2162919143","https://openalex.org/W2164057082","https://openalex.org/W2331313773","https://openalex.org/W2552678312","https://openalex.org/W2565977513","https://openalex.org/W2671862462","https://openalex.org/W2733275326","https://openalex.org/W2744753912","https://openalex.org/W3028373435","https://openalex.org/W3100521696","https://openalex.org/W3115841616","https://openalex.org/W3161017411","https://openalex.org/W3183487031","https://openalex.org/W4387485265","https://openalex.org/W4413960381"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105234877","https://openalex.org/W2760369329","https://openalex.org/W2057983116","https://openalex.org/W2762908497","https://openalex.org/W1575070300","https://openalex.org/W7100524407","https://openalex.org/W2671862462","https://openalex.org/W2167796366","https://openalex.org/W2029989103","https://openalex.org/W4406036590"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Antiretroviral":[1],"drugs":[2],"for":[3,103,260],"preventing":[4],"mother-to-child":[5],"transmission":[6],"(PMTCT)":[7],"can":[8],"lead":[9],"to":[10,22,168,176,185,189,193,252],"NRTI":[11,43,149,235,249],"resistance":[12,44,55,86,121,150,203,236,250,273],"in":[13,58,155,161,179,212,237,267,274],"infants":[14,114,183,191,200],"who":[15],"contract":[16],"HIV":[17,53,84,181],"despite":[18],"prophylaxis.":[19],"We":[20,47],"aimed":[21],"assess":[23],"how":[24],"different":[25],"post-natal":[26],"prophylaxis":[27,241],"(PNP)":[28],"strategies;":[29],"nevirapine":[30],"(NVP)":[31],"alone":[32,36],"vs":[33,37],"zidovudine":[34,171],"(ZDV)":[35],"dual":[38,68,128],"NVP":[39,69,82,129,135,186,194],"+":[40,70,130,195],"ZDV":[41,71,131,139],"influenced":[42],"prevalence.":[45],"Methods":[46],"analyzed":[48],"data":[49,119],"from":[50],"nationally":[51],"representative":[52],"drug":[54,85,272],"surveys":[56],"conducted":[57],"Kenya":[59,162,215],"where":[60,74],"the":[61,65,75,79,96,232,258,269],"standard":[62,76],"practice":[63,77],"was":[64,78,87,151,204,242],"use":[66,80],"of":[67,81,124,148,199,229,234,248,271],"and":[72,92,106,122,141,157,172,208,214,231],"Nigeria":[73,156,213],"PNP.":[83,145,254],"determined":[88],"using":[89,95],"population-based":[90],"sequencing,":[91],"mutations":[93],"interpreted":[94],"Stanford":[97],"HIVdb":[98],"algorithm.":[99],"Analyses":[100],"were":[101,174],"weighted":[102],"multistage":[104],"sampling":[105],"genotyping":[107],"success":[108],"rates.":[109],"Results":[110],"Among":[111],"557":[112],"HIV-infected":[113,238],"aged":[115],"<18":[116],"months":[117],"with":[118,201,244],"on":[120,263],"type":[123,228],"PNP,":[125,132],"29.3%":[126],"received":[127,134,138,143],"24.6%":[133],"alone,":[136,140],"2.3%":[137],"43.8%":[142,209],"no":[144],"The":[146,197],"prevalence":[147,247],"19.4%":[152],"(95%CI":[153,159,206,210],"15.2\u201324.3)":[154],"9.6%":[158],"6.6\u201313.8)":[160],"(":[163,217],"p":[164,218],"<":[165],"0.001).":[166],"Resistance":[167],"abacavir,":[169],"lamivudine,":[170],"tenofovir":[173],"2-":[175],"4.5-fold":[177],"higher":[178],"Nigerian":[180],"infected":[182],"exposed":[184,192],"PNP":[187,230],"compared":[188,251],"Kenyan":[190],"ZDV.":[196],"proportion":[198],"NNRTI":[202],"49%":[205],"43.5\u201354.5)":[207],"38.0\u201349.7),":[211],"respectively":[216],"=":[219],"0.204).":[220],"Conclusions":[221],"These":[222],"findings":[223,256],"suggest":[224],"an":[225],"association":[226],"between":[227],"development":[233],"infants.":[239],"Dual-drug":[240],"associated":[243],"a":[245],"low":[246],"single-drug":[253],"Our":[255],"highlight":[257],"need":[259],"further":[261],"research":[262],"combination":[264],"prophylactic":[265],"strategies":[266],"minimizing":[268],"emergence":[270],"this":[275],"population.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}
