{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204263296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","title":"Development of motor control based on EMG-EMG coherence in preschool children","display_name":"Development of motor control based on EMG-EMG coherence in preschool children","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204263296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187129","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","issn_l":"2247-8051","issn":["2247-8051","2247-806X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314551","host_organization_name":"University of Pite\u0219ti","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314551"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pite\u0219ti"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204263296"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160425631","display_name":"Chika Oya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87572379","display_name":"Aichi Shukutoku University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z9wtp09","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87572379"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chika Oya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aichi Syukutoku University, Aichi, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aichi Syukutoku University, Aichi, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87572379"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072137766","display_name":"Yujiro Ishihara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3226-2230","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3226-2230"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136446963","display_name":"Okayama University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05aevyc10","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136446963"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujiro Ishihara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Okayama University of Science, Okayama, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Okayama University of Science, Okayama, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136446963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044146175","display_name":"Erina Muramatsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-437X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7192-437X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39018119","display_name":"Aichi University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03m964n84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39018119"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erina Muramatsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aichi University of Education, Aichi, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aichi University of Education, Aichi, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39018119"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102806621","display_name":"Keisuke Teramoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-1098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1675-1098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39018119","display_name":"Aichi University of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03m964n84","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39018119"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keisuke Teramoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Aichi University of Education, Aichi, JAPAN"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aichi University of Education, Aichi, JAPAN","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39018119"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"7","first_page":"1306","last_page":"1315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.9140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12241","display_name":"Children's Physical and Motor Development","score":0.9140999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.08259999752044678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10982","display_name":"Motor Control and Adaptation","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-control","display_name":"motor control","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preschool-children","display_name":"preschool children","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-activity-frequency","display_name":"physical activity frequency","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrocnemius-muscle","display_name":"gastrocnemius","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walking","display_name":"walking","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-development","display_name":"motor development","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781181686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4226068","display_name":"Coherence (philosophical gambling strategy)","level":2,"score":0.6820999979972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.6762999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.6473000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5436999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137813230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165","display_name":"Motor control","level":2,"score":0.478300005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.4147999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988438704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2996165","display_name":"Motor function","level":2,"score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169976356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13208902","display_name":"Motor skill","level":2,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147583825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620876","display_name":"Body weight","level":2,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985495968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422453","display_name":"Motor activity","level":2,"score":0.37070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135343436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170406","display_name":"Rhythm","level":2,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131191","display_name":"Body mass index","level":2,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019295976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6027402","display_name":"Leg muscle","level":2,"score":0.3066999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780250136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816067","display_name":"Physical activity level","level":3,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775872116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q943203","display_name":"Gastrocnemius muscle","level":3,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171139928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915553","display_name":"Motor system","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187129","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","issn_l":"2247-8051","issn":["2247-8051","2247-806X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314551","host_organization_name":"University of Pite\u0219ti","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314551"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pite\u0219ti"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2026.07132","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187129","display_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","issn_l":"2247-8051","issn":["2247-8051","2247-806X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","erih-plus","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310314551","host_organization_name":"University of Pite\u0219ti","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310314551"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Pite\u0219ti"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Physical Education and Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204263296.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204263296.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531808741","https://openalex.org/W1978682876","https://openalex.org/W1981818123","https://openalex.org/W1988729942","https://openalex.org/W1990303997","https://openalex.org/W1992671102","https://openalex.org/W2002277424","https://openalex.org/W2003209004","https://openalex.org/W2027439501","https://openalex.org/W2054225626","https://openalex.org/W2083075429","https://openalex.org/W2087156207","https://openalex.org/W2110053085","https://openalex.org/W2114804272","https://openalex.org/W2128181457","https://openalex.org/W2168891225","https://openalex.org/W2172257310","https://openalex.org/W2323839096","https://openalex.org/W2563483198","https://openalex.org/W2771364498","https://openalex.org/W2792905157","https://openalex.org/W2911595089","https://openalex.org/W2922193046","https://openalex.org/W3009037382","https://openalex.org/W3014650956","https://openalex.org/W3037315541","https://openalex.org/W3037602930","https://openalex.org/W3088020838","https://openalex.org/W3134870987","https://openalex.org/W4254154411","https://openalex.org/W4289779529","https://openalex.org/W4321511691"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7145167753","https://openalex.org/W2737236398","https://openalex.org/W2781120873","https://openalex.org/W2110053085","https://openalex.org/W2753948642","https://openalex.org/W3016908466","https://openalex.org/W7054687025","https://openalex.org/W7138942499","https://openalex.org/W4308491336","https://openalex.org/W7204591926"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Problem":[0],"Statement:":[1],"It":[2],"has":[3,47],"been":[4,48],"observed":[5,274],"recently":[6],"that":[7,314,327,347],"reduced":[8],"opportunities":[9,386],"for":[10,253],"physical":[11,219,240],"activity":[12,61,131],"have":[13],"led":[14],"to":[15,38,50,73,98,122,172,188,212,294,313,326],"an":[16],"increasing":[17],"number":[18,224],"of":[19,59,102,105,216,225,239,335,371,383],"children":[20,232],"struggling":[21],"with":[22,339],"motor":[23,52,106,372],"control":[24,53,373],"and":[25,65,85,92,118,129,158,178,195,204,264,278,319,369],"body":[26,90,125,281],"coordination.":[27],"Physical":[28],"movements":[29],"occur":[30],"through":[31],"nerve":[32],"signals":[33,171],"transmitted":[34],"from":[35,387],"the":[36,39,44,57,63,75,100,124,151,154,168,174,181,214,223,246,285,295,309,316,322,329,353,359,381],"brain":[37,64],"muscles.":[40,69],"In":[41,283],"recent":[42],"years,":[43],"coherence":[45,79,175,194,277,292,305,338,349],"method":[46],"adopted":[49],"assess":[51,213],"function":[54],"by":[55],"measuring":[56],"synchronization":[58],"rhythmic":[60],"between":[62,68,77,176,192,275,366],"muscles":[66,82],"or":[67,280],"This":[70],"study":[71,110],"aimed":[72],"examine":[74],"relationship":[76],"electromyogram":[78],"in":[80,95,200,229,234,308,315,321,328,352,358],"two":[81,148],"during":[83,180],"walking":[84],"factors,":[86,196],"such":[87,197],"as":[88,134,198],"age,":[89],"size,":[91],"exercise":[93,355,361,368,385],"frequency":[94,163,215,256,261,266],"daily":[96,367],"life,":[97],"clarify":[99],"characteristics":[101],"functional":[103,377],"development":[104,370],"control.":[107],"Approachs:":[108],"The":[109,344],"involved":[111],"26":[112],"healthy":[113],"young":[114],"children.":[115],"Their":[116],"height":[117],"weight":[119],"were":[120,145,248,302],"measured":[121],"calculate":[123,173,189],"mass":[126],"index":[127],"(BMI),":[128],"muscle":[130],"was":[132,165,186,210,273,306,350],"recorded":[133,169],"they":[135],"walked":[136],"around":[137],"a":[138,207,333,364,376],"26-meter":[139],"rectangular":[140],"path.":[141],"Electromyography":[142],"electrode":[143],"sensors":[144],"placed":[146],"at":[147,235],"sites":[149],"on":[150,167,243],"dominant":[152],"leg:":[153],"medial":[155],"gastrocnemius":[156,160],"(MG)":[157],"lateral":[159],"(LG).":[161],"A":[162],"analysis":[164,185],"conducted":[166],"electrical":[170],"MG":[177],"LG":[179],"stance":[182],"phase.":[183],"Statistical":[184],"performed":[187],"correlation":[190,272],"coefficients":[191],"EMG-EMG":[193,276,291,304,337,348],"age":[199,279],"months,":[201],"height,":[202],"weight,":[203],"BMI.":[205],"Additionally,":[206],"parental":[208],"questionnaire":[209],"administered":[211],"their":[217,231],"children's":[218],"activity.":[220,241],"Parents":[221],"reported":[222],"days":[226],"per":[227],"week":[228],"which":[230],"engaged":[233],"least":[236],"60":[237],"minutes":[238],"Based":[242],"these":[244],"responses,":[245],"participants":[247],"categorized":[249],"into":[250],"three":[251],"groups":[252],"comparison:":[254],"low":[255],"(0\u2013":[257],"2":[258],"days/week),":[259,263],"medium":[260],"(3\u20134":[262],"high":[265],"(5\u20137":[267],"days/week).":[268],"Results:":[269],"No":[270],"significant":[271,300],"size.":[282],"contrast,":[284],"high-frequency":[286,323,354],"group":[287,311,324,356],"demonstrated":[288],"significantly":[289],"higher":[290,307,320,340,351],"compared":[293,312,325],"low-frequency":[296,317,360],"group.":[297],"Although":[298],"no":[299],"differences":[301],"found,":[303],"medium-frequency":[310,330],"group,":[318,331,362],"suggesting":[332,363],"trend":[334],"increased":[336],"movement":[341],"frequency.":[342],"Conclusions:":[343],"results":[345],"indicated":[346],"than":[357],"link":[365],"function.":[374],"From":[375],"standpoint,":[378],"this":[379],"highlights":[380],"importance":[382],"providing":[384],"early":[388],"childhood.":[389]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}