{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204263152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","title":"HIV Status among Tuberculosis Patients Registered in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Army, Kathmandu, Nepal","display_name":"HIV Status among Tuberculosis Patients Registered in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Army, Kathmandu, Nepal","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204263152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","pdf_url":"https://njph.com.np/njph/article/download/86/48","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047719","display_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"3059-9458","issn":["3059-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://njph.com.np/njph/article/download/86/48","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077953176","display_name":"Lee Budhathoki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4924-1545","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4924-1545"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee Budhathoki","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4924-1545","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137333255","display_name":"Rajesh Khatri Chhetri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2114-7986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2114-7986"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Khatri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shree Birendra Hospital"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2114-7986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shree Birendra Hospital","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055807911","display_name":"Rajendra Neupane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9296-6116","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9296-6116"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330522730","display_name":"Patan Academy of Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/02mphcg88","country_code":"NP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330522730"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajendra Neupane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Patan Academy of Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Patan Academy of Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330522730"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017017065","display_name":"Leela Paudel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-653X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-653X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leela Paudel","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0366-653X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018559059","display_name":"Lochana Shrestha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-8381","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-8381"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lochana Shrestha","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6419-8381","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028435712","display_name":"Parag Karki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-2410","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-2410"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163815","display_name":"Nepalese Army Institute of Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/05gmhvw49","country_code":"NP","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}],"countries":["NP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parag Karki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-2410","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nepal Army Institute of Health Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163815"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7055738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"46","last_page":"50"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.011900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13586","display_name":"HIV, TB, and STIs Epidemiology","score":0.005100000184029341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"tuberculosis","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv","display_name":"HIV","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-tb-co-infection","display_name":"HIV/TB coinfection","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-personnel","display_name":"military personnel","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/army-personnel","display_name":"army personnel","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-prevalence","display_name":"HIV prevalence","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extrapulmonary-tuberculosis","display_name":"extrapulmonary tuberculosis","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tobacco-use","display_name":"tobacco use","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-relapse","display_name":"tuberculosis relapse","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-screening","display_name":"HIV screening","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kathmandu","display_name":"Kathmandu","score":0.9139999747276306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9106000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.7741000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5674999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775860198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257872","display_name":"Public hospital","level":2,"score":0.35989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780068402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33823","display_name":"Nepali","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779806340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4254929","display_name":"Latent tuberculosis","level":4,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909201284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835718","display_name":"AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections","level":5,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","pdf_url":"https://njph.com.np/njph/article/download/86/48","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047719","display_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"3059-9458","issn":["3059-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70280/njph(2026)v3i1.86","pdf_url":"https://njph.com.np/njph/article/download/86/48","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407047719","display_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","issn_l":"3059-9458","issn":["3059-9458"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nepal Journal of Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8479539752006531,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204263152.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204263152.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Tuberculosis":[1],"(TB)":[2],"is":[3,26,194,212],"a":[4,215],"huge":[5],"public":[6],"health":[7],"issue":[8],"in":[9,28,42,55,63,96,178,205],"Nepal.":[10],"TB":[11,119,139,160,189,207],"can":[12],"coexist":[13],"with":[14,76,159],"Human":[15],"immunodeficiency":[16],"virus":[17],"(HIV)":[18],"infection.":[19],"TB-HIV":[20],"co-infection":[21],"identification":[22],"and":[23,44,86,94,130,148,153,191],"prompt":[24],"treatment":[25,89],"necessary":[27],"army":[29],"personnels":[30],"because":[31],"of":[32,58,88,116,132,143,173,209],"the":[33,104,133,181],"propensity":[34],"to":[35,83,185,196],"spread":[36],"early":[37],"as":[38],"many":[39],"live":[40],"together":[41],"dormitories":[43],"share":[45],"similar":[46],"lifestyles.":[47],"Methods:":[48],"A":[49],"cross-sectional":[50],"observational":[51],"study":[52,169],"was":[53,74,92,101,121,126],"conducted":[54],"DOTS":[56],"center":[57],"Shree":[59],"Birendra":[60],"Hospital":[61],"(SBH)":[62],"46":[64],"patients":[65,120,155,177,190,208],"from":[66,103],"January-April,":[67],"2023":[68],"using":[69],"non-random":[70],"purposive":[71],"sampling.":[72],"Data":[73,91],"collected":[75],"proforma":[77],"containing":[78],"preformed":[79],"questionnaires":[80],"through":[81],"face":[82,84],"interview":[85],"observation":[87],"reports.":[90],"entered":[93],"analysed":[95],"Microsoft":[97],"Excel.":[98],"Ethics":[99],"clearance":[100],"taken":[102],"Institutional":[105],"Review":[106],"Committee":[107],"(Registration":[108],"No":[109],"471,":[110],"December":[111],"2022).":[112],"Results:":[113],"The":[114,123],"prevalence":[115,172],"HIV":[117,174,187,204],"among":[118,175,188],"2.2%.":[122],"mean":[124],"age":[125],"44.0":[127],"\u00b117.98":[128],"years":[129],"majorities":[131],"participants":[134],"were":[135,164],"married":[136],"males.":[137],"Extrapulmonary":[138],"constituted":[140],"29(63.1%).":[141],"Majority":[142],"participant":[144],"consumed":[145],"alcohol":[146],"(35)":[147],"smoked":[149],"tobacco":[150],"products":[151],"(29)":[152],"18":[154],"had":[156],"close":[157],"contact":[158],"cases.":[161],"3(6.5%)":[162],"cases":[163],"relapse":[165],"case.":[166],"Conclusion:":[167],"This":[168],"showed":[170],"higher":[171],"tuberculosis":[176],"military":[179],"than":[180],"normal":[182],"population.":[183],"Efforts":[184],"identify":[186],"vice":[192],"versa":[193],"key":[195],"reducing":[197],"this":[198],"lethal":[199],"combination":[200],"so":[201],"screening":[202],"for":[203],"all":[206],"Nepali":[210],"Army":[211],"advised":[213],"at":[214],"policy":[216],"level.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}