{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204247260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","title":"How Can Autonomous Vehicles Avoid Crashes? Comparative Insights from Generative AI Responses based on Collision Type and Mode of Operation","display_name":"How Can Autonomous Vehicles Avoid Crashes? Comparative Insights from Generative AI Responses based on Collision Type and Mode of Operation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204247260","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7346101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116171390","display_name":"Philbert Mwandepa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0281-4854","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0281-4854"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75256744","display_name":"Tennessee State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpczx89","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75256744"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philbert Mwandepa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Research Assistant Tennessee State University 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard , Nashville , TN 37209"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0281-4854","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Research Assistant Tennessee State University 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard , Nashville , TN 37209","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75256744"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116171389","display_name":"Angel C. Lucian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9157-7360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9157-7360"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139398662","display_name":"South Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00520ze08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139398662"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angel Lucian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Research Assistant South Carolina State University 300 College Ave , Orangeburg , SC 29117"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Research Assistant South Carolina State University 300 College Ave , Orangeburg , SC 29117","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139398662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148383132","display_name":"Soud Mbegele","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0346-8444","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0346-8444"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11874761","display_name":"University of North Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/01j903a45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soud Mbegele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Research Assistant University of North Florida 1 UNF Drive , Jacksonville , FL 32224"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Research Assistant University of North Florida 1 UNF Drive , Jacksonville , FL 32224","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11874761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106348732","display_name":"Francisca Kasubi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8670-4425","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8670-4425"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19700959","display_name":"Florida International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02gz6gg07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisca Kasubi","raw_affiliation_strings":["PhD Candidate Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , Florida International University 10555 West Flagler Street , EC 3720 , Miami , FL 33174"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8670-4425","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PhD Candidate Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering , Florida International University 10555 West Flagler Street , EC 3720 , Miami , FL 33174","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19700959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126648724","display_name":"Wittness Mariki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8755-0891","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8755-0891"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75256744","display_name":"Tennessee State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpczx89","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75256744"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wittness Mariki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Research Assistant Tennessee State University 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard , Nashville , TN 37209"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Research Assistant Tennessee State University 3500 John A. Merritt Boulevard , Nashville , TN 37209","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75256744"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024488533","display_name":"Boniphace Kutela","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-1623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-1623"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405272820","display_name":"Texas A&M Transportation Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/04ryn6t67","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405272820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boniphace Kutela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Associate Research Engineer Texas A&M Transportation Institute 701 N Post Oak Ln # 430 , Houston , TX 77024"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-1623","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Associate Research Engineer Texas A&M Transportation Institute 701 N Post Oak Ln # 430 , Houston , TX 77024","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405272820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.38839998841285706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.38839998841285706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.2957000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.2754000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomous-vehicles","display_name":"autonomous vehicles","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"collision avoidance","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-traffic-flow","display_name":"mixed traffic","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt","display_name":"ChatGPT","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gemini","display_name":"Gemini","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crash-narratives","display_name":"crash narratives","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-network-analysis","display_name":"text network analysis","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driver-assistance-systems","display_name":"driver assistance systems","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/following-distance","display_name":"following distance","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disengagement","display_name":"disengagement","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/california","display_name":"California","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183469790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333501","display_name":"Crash","level":2,"score":0.7281000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6541000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4952999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9114305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428317","display_name":"Situational ethics","level":2,"score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4706000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.462799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4325999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.42500001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.4189000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.32659998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87833898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1060280","display_name":"Advanced driver assistance systems","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167651023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474611","display_name":"Plot (graphics)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7346101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7346101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7346101","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4943999946117401,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204247260.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204247260.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055394706","https://openalex.org/W2766237839","https://openalex.org/W2784963114","https://openalex.org/W2908972399","https://openalex.org/W2926668486","https://openalex.org/W2941647785","https://openalex.org/W3034930344","https://openalex.org/W3103246313","https://openalex.org/W3108343674","https://openalex.org/W3123884745","https://openalex.org/W3135480773","https://openalex.org/W3179059655","https://openalex.org/W3181902122","https://openalex.org/W3190651425","https://openalex.org/W3194185973","https://openalex.org/W3201271601","https://openalex.org/W3208582059","https://openalex.org/W3211740586","https://openalex.org/W4382449424","https://openalex.org/W4383652220","https://openalex.org/W4385392091","https://openalex.org/W4388793431","https://openalex.org/W4392971841","https://openalex.org/W4399641769","https://openalex.org/W4402903218","https://openalex.org/W4403946533","https://openalex.org/W4404145278","https://openalex.org/W4404311083","https://openalex.org/W4404324680"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3204601690","https://openalex.org/W4383218001","https://openalex.org/W3181902122","https://openalex.org/W6892001636","https://openalex.org/W3181177996","https://openalex.org/W7220728764","https://openalex.org/W3147029408","https://openalex.org/W7161054828","https://openalex.org/W4407389268","https://openalex.org/W4308452854"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}
