{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204241101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","title":"Echoes of autism in family life: Neurotypical siblings\u2019 perspectives","display_name":"Echoes of autism in family life: Neurotypical siblings\u2019 perspectives","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204241101","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647488","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13513996"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0356696&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0356696&type=printable","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059013789","display_name":"Ay\u015fenur NAZ\u0130K","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-6071","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-6071"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I254571519","display_name":"Bartin University","ror":"https://ror.org/03te4vd35","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I254571519"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aysenur Nazik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, Bartin University, Bartin, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8030-6071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, Bartin University, Bartin, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254571519"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059013789"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I254571519"],"apc_list":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"apc_paid":{"value":2382,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2382},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"8","first_page":"e0356696","last_page":"e0356696"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11632","display_name":"Family and Disability Support Research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11632","display_name":"Family and Disability Support Research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10106","display_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder Research","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12980","display_name":"Family Caregiving in Mental Illness","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autism-spectrum-disorder","display_name":"autism spectrum disorder","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurotypical-siblings","display_name":"neurotypical siblings","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/siblings-of-autistic-individuals","display_name":"siblings of autistic individuals","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/family-dynamics","display_name":"family dynamics","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sibling-relationships","display_name":"sibling relationships","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coping-strategies","display_name":"coping strategies","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-burden","display_name":"caregiver burden","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parental-expectations","display_name":"parental expectations","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-stigma","display_name":"social stigma","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lived-experience","display_name":"lived experience","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778391849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1079090","display_name":"Neurotypical","level":4,"score":0.9722999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205778803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38404","display_name":"Autism","level":2,"score":0.8248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.6668999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6215000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776194465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31184","display_name":"Sibling","level":2,"score":0.597100019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73282008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1759895","display_name":"Coping (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5120999813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778538070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436063","display_name":"Autism spectrum disorder","level":3,"score":0.5029000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.49079999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113470044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6056506","display_name":"Interpretative phenomenological analysis","level":3,"score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.4120999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.396699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776120587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1518105","display_name":"Sibling relationship","level":3,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778594975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3087172","display_name":"Developmental disorder","level":3,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86658582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432778","display_name":"Social cognition","level":3,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067877","descriptor_name":"Autism Spectrum Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000223","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001321","descriptor_name":"Autistic Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012801","descriptor_name":"Sibling Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D035781","descriptor_name":"Siblings","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0356696&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13513996","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13513996/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13513996/pdf/pone.0356696.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLoS One","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42647488","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PloS one","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356696","pdf_url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0356696&type=printable","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202381698","display_name":"PLoS ONE","issn_l":"1932-6203","issn":["1932-6203"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315706","host_organization_name":"Public Library of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315706"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Public Library of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"PLOS One","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204241101.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204241101.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1537701711","https://openalex.org/W1585528064","https://openalex.org/W1904973305","https://openalex.org/W2001737509","https://openalex.org/W2004129678","https://openalex.org/W2035146922","https://openalex.org/W2042842223","https://openalex.org/W2062782519","https://openalex.org/W2064062458","https://openalex.org/W2080837874","https://openalex.org/W2082926255","https://openalex.org/W2085629865","https://openalex.org/W2092938272","https://openalex.org/W2096513897","https://openalex.org/W2099959109","https://openalex.org/W2137217650","https://openalex.org/W2138664283","https://openalex.org/W2139887320","https://openalex.org/W2170393982","https://openalex.org/W2215401147","https://openalex.org/W2417710363","https://openalex.org/W2543762124","https://openalex.org/W2581188152","https://openalex.org/W2609535022","https://openalex.org/W2765176855","https://openalex.org/W2765970014","https://openalex.org/W2784385536","https://openalex.org/W2793301687","https://openalex.org/W2805663656","https://openalex.org/W2810764221","https://openalex.org/W2811399555","https://openalex.org/W2891029774","https://openalex.org/W2894353951","https://openalex.org/W2925236493","https://openalex.org/W2928779273","https://openalex.org/W2946670175","https://openalex.org/W2961284787","https://openalex.org/W2994611058","https://openalex.org/W2995148308","https://openalex.org/W2997886822","https://openalex.org/W3038686756","https://openalex.org/W3081432205","https://openalex.org/W3096593237","https://openalex.org/W3121035662","https://openalex.org/W3136094428","https://openalex.org/W3144163610","https://openalex.org/W3152630398","https://openalex.org/W3155885740","https://openalex.org/W3162193459","https://openalex.org/W3180550279","https://openalex.org/W3188124270","https://openalex.org/W3199490625","https://openalex.org/W3206558356","https://openalex.org/W3211826420","https://openalex.org/W4224294158","https://openalex.org/W4247665917","https://openalex.org/W4249192709","https://openalex.org/W4254954067","https://openalex.org/W4281994637","https://openalex.org/W4287147146","https://openalex.org/W4297988585","https://openalex.org/W4311531538","https://openalex.org/W4312062423","https://openalex.org/W4319656933","https://openalex.org/W4386156706","https://openalex.org/W4399276647","https://openalex.org/W4399552267","https://openalex.org/W4406660840","https://openalex.org/W4409458169","https://openalex.org/W7139031153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7139031153","https://openalex.org/W7056679490","https://openalex.org/W4410923837","https://openalex.org/W7213564744","https://openalex.org/W7127235806","https://openalex.org/W7169502575","https://openalex.org/W4311531538","https://openalex.org/W2615032074","https://openalex.org/W4399397761","https://openalex.org/W7203716995"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Autism":[1],"spectrum":[2],"disorder":[3],"impacts":[4],"not":[5],"only":[6],"the":[7,43,245],"diagnosed":[8],"individual":[9],"but":[10],"also":[11],"their":[12,255],"family":[13,51,173],"members,":[14],"particularly":[15],"neurotypical":[16,47,72,228],"siblings.":[17],"While":[18],"international":[19],"research":[20],"on":[21,50],"siblings":[22,73,192,229],"of":[23,46,74,227,230,238],"autistic":[24],"individuals":[25,75,231],"has":[26],"expanded,":[27],"studies":[28],"in":[29,41,65],"T\u00fcrkiye":[30],"remain":[31],"scarce":[32],"and":[33,57,88,100,134,143,149,155,167,177,196,206,215,222,240,252],"predominantly":[34],"quantitative.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"aimed":[38],"to":[39,109,219,247,253],"explore":[40],"depth":[42],"lived":[44],"experiences":[45,226],"siblings,":[48],"focusing":[49],"dynamics,":[52],"sibling":[53,186],"relationships,":[54],"coping":[55,194],"mechanisms,":[56],"social":[58,209],"life.":[59],"METHODS:":[60],"A":[61],"qualitative":[62,120],"approach":[63],"grounded":[64],"interpretative":[66],"phenomenological":[67],"analysis":[68,129],"was":[69],"adopted.":[70],"9":[71],"with":[76,114,232],"autism":[77,233,260],"participated.":[78],"Data":[79],"were":[80,95,107,125,139,160],"gathered":[81],"through":[82],"semi-structured":[83],"interviews,":[84],"recorded,":[85],"transcribed":[86],"verbatim,":[87],"repeatedly":[89],"reviewed":[90],"for":[91],"familiarity.":[92],"Meaningful":[93],"segments":[94],"coded,":[96],"grouped":[97],"into":[98,102,257],"categories,":[99],"synthesized":[101],"overarching":[103],"themes.":[104],"Direct":[105],"quotations":[106],"used":[108],"capture":[110],"participants'":[111],"emotional":[112],"expressions,":[113],"all":[115],"identifiers":[116],"anonymized.":[117],"As":[118],"a":[119,235],"study,":[121],"no":[122],"statistical":[123],"analyses":[124],"conducted.":[126],"RESULTS:":[127],"The":[128,225],"revealed":[130],"4":[131],"major":[132],"themes":[133],"10":[135],"sub-themes.":[136],"Sibling":[137],"relationships":[138],"described":[140],"as":[141,162,201],"complex":[142],"fluid,":[144],"marked":[145],"by":[146],"both":[147],"closeness":[148],"distance.":[150],"Communication":[151],"barriers,":[152],"behavioral":[153],"difficulties,":[154],"disruptive":[156],"or":[157],"aggressive":[158],"actions":[159],"highlighted":[161],"challenges":[163],"that":[164,183],"strained":[165],"interactions":[166],"daily":[168],"routines.":[169],"Participants":[170],"reported":[171,197],"heightened":[172],"responsibilities,":[174],"including":[175],"caregiving":[176],"protective":[178],"roles,":[179],"alongside":[180],"parental":[181],"expectations":[182],"exceeded":[184],"typical":[185],"duties.":[187],"Despite":[188],"these":[189],"burdens,":[190],"many":[191],"developed":[193],"strategies":[195],"personal":[198],"growth,":[199],"such":[200],"enhanced":[202],"empathy,":[203],"patience,":[204],"resilience,":[205],"responsibility.":[207],"In":[208],"contexts,":[210],"they":[211],"encountered":[212],"stigma,":[213],"exclusion,":[214],"misunderstanding,":[216],"yet":[217],"continued":[218],"seek":[220],"acceptance":[221],"support.":[223],"CONCLUSIONS:":[224],"embody":[234],"dual":[236],"reality":[237],"strain":[239],"growth.":[241],"These":[242],"findings":[243],"underscore":[244],"need":[246],"acknowledge":[248],"siblings'":[249],"support":[250],"requirements":[251],"integrate":[254],"perspectives":[256],"holistic,":[258],"family-centered":[259],"services.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}