{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204237890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","title":"Global Disparities in Access to Dermatological Care","display_name":"Global Disparities in Access to Dermatological Care","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204237890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42646828"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146641495","display_name":"JAMA Dermatology","issn_l":"2168-6068","issn":["2168-6068","2168-6084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Dermatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083442290","display_name":"Esther Ellen Freeman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7751-9466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7751-9466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Esther E. Freeman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055364199","display_name":"Joseph Michael Yardman\u2010Frank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-0834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0073-0834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316535847","display_name":"Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04drvxt59","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Michael Yardman-Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316535847"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007200288","display_name":"Jennifer Kilmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-3248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-3248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088406","display_name":"International League of Dermatological Societies","ror":"https://ror.org/004hvek19","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088406"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Kilmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The International League of Dermatological Societies, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210088406"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025734133","display_name":"Ann M. Pacheco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-4718","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2002-4718"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ann Pacheco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","University of Toledo College of Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toledo College of Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110140888","display_name":"Karry Su","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karry Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015199975","display_name":"Devon E. McMahon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9208","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3649-9208"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Devon E. McMahon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031805480","display_name":"Christine Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2494-2620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2494-2620"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135435492","display_name":"Sarah Anwar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-0048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6683-0048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121934306","display_name":"Tufts University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wvpxv85","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Anwar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121934306"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108632200","display_name":"Kathryn Barger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1480-9019","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1480-9019"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn Barger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125485534","display_name":"Yiqi Qian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiqi Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047901493","display_name":"Alexis G. Strahan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-0950","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4763-0950"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis Strahan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125593825","display_name":"Simon Westby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Westby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126860854","display_name":"Ramesh Bhat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17647740","display_name":"Father Muller Medical College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04t41ec74","country_code":"IN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17647740","https://openalex.org/I4210149022"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramesh Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Father Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17647740"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075240490","display_name":"Mahira El Sayed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahira El Sayed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005782849","display_name":"Wendemagegn Enbiale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0692-850X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0692-850X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42869670","display_name":"Arba Minch University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ssp9h11","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57092466","display_name":"Bahir Dar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01670bg46","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wendemagegn Enbiale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bahir Dar University, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","Collaborative Research and Training Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bahir Dar University, College of Medicine and Health sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57092466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Research and Training Center for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42869670"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012116217","display_name":"Cristina Galv\u00e1n\u2010Casas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-9537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9662-9537"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155931","display_name":"Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles","ror":"https://ror.org/04tqrbk66","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139293","https://openalex.org/I4210155931"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristina Galvan-Casas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hospital Universitario de M\u00f3stoles, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125534526","display_name":"Xinghua Gao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140515","display_name":"First Hospital of China Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wjghj95","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140515"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinghua Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018141624","display_name":"Srie Prihianti Gondokaryono","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2327-2773","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2327-2773"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086620","display_name":"Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/003392690","country_code":"ID","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086620"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91819753","display_name":"Padjadjaran University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xqf8t64","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91819753"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srie P. Gondokaryono","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086620","https://openalex.org/I91819753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109879217","display_name":"Abdul\u2010Ghani Kibbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-7930","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2762-7930"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104580","display_name":"American University of Beirut Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00wmm6v75","country_code":"LB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104580"]}],"countries":["LB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdul-Ghani Kibbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104580"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068636131","display_name":"Adriene Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-5400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-5400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087110","display_name":"St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/001kjn539","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087110","https://openalex.org/I4210098850"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriene Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital at the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, St Vincent\u2019s Hospital at the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087110"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006992539","display_name":"Fatimata Ly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-9315","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4132-9315"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96840727","display_name":"Cheikh Anta Diop University","ror":"https://ror.org/04je6yw13","country_code":"SN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96840727"]}],"countries":["SN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fatimata Ly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, STI EPS Institut D\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Sociale de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal","Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odontostomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, STI EPS Institut D\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Sociale de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy, and Odontostomatology, University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar, Dakar, Senegal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96840727"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108113437","display_name":"Jorge Ocampo\u2010Candiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0213-0031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0213-0031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169046204","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/01fh86n78","country_code":"MX","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169046204"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132044","display_name":"Hospital Universitario Dr Jos\u00e9 Eleuterio Gonzalez","ror":"https://ror.org/030ms0x66","country_code":"MX","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132044"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Ocampo-Candiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario Dr. Jos\u00e9 E. Gonz\u00e1lez, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Monterrey, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169046204","https://openalex.org/I4210132044"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026346343","display_name":"M. Aleth Richard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-9132","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0870-9132"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21491767","display_name":"Aix-Marseille Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/035xkbk20","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21491767"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087487","display_name":"Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille","ror":"https://ror.org/002cp4060","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210087487"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162909","display_name":"H\u00f4pital de la Timone","ror":"https://ror.org/05jrr4320","country_code":"FR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210087487","https://openalex.org/I4210162909"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie-Aleth Richard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre in Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University Dermatology Department, University Hospital Timone, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre in Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University Dermatology Department, University Hospital Timone, Assistance Publique H\u00f4pitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21491767","https://openalex.org/I4210087487","https://openalex.org/I4210162909"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136379324","display_name":"Ricardo Romiti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ricardo Romiti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148319898","display_name":"Henry W. Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803043754","display_name":"Henry Ford Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0193sb042","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602","https://openalex.org/I2803043754"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henry W. Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602","https://openalex.org/I2803043754"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043481396","display_name":"Junko Takeshita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9650-9738","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9650-9738"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junko Takeshita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037376216","display_name":"Delphine K\u00e9rob","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2816-4261","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2816-4261"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Delphine Kerob","raw_affiliation_strings":["La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"La Roche-Posay Laboratoire Dermatologique, Levallois-Perret, France","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050100554","display_name":"Bertrand Chuberre","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14285755","display_name":"L'Or\u00e9al (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nb3j622","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertrand Chuberre","raw_affiliation_strings":["L\u2019Or\u00e9al Dermatological Beauty, Global Medical Team, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L\u2019Or\u00e9al Dermatological Beauty, Global Medical Team, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119928809","display_name":"Gu\u00e9nol\u00e9e de Lambert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14285755","display_name":"L'Or\u00e9al (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/00nb3j622","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gu\u00e9nol\u00e9e de Lambert","raw_affiliation_strings":["L\u2019Or\u00e9al Dermatological Beauty, Global Medical Team, Paris, France"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"L\u2019Or\u00e9al Dermatological Beauty, Global Medical Team, Paris, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14285755"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005071293","display_name":"Lucinda Claire Fuller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-8731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6561-8731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935073","display_name":"London Bridge Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03asev112","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801935073"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L. Claire Fuller","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Bridge Hospital, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Bridge Hospital, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935073"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078821076","display_name":"Christopher E.M. Griffiths","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-4427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5371-4427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799725268","display_name":"Manchester Academic Health Science Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/04rrkhs81","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799725268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159460","display_name":"NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/05njkjr15","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34931013","https://openalex.org/I4210159460"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher E. M. Griffiths","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom","Department of Dermatology, King\u2019s College Hospital, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Dermatology Research, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799725268","https://openalex.org/I28407311","https://openalex.org/I4210159460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, King\u2019s College Hospital, King\u2019s College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058616535","display_name":"Ncoza Cordelia Dlova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-3905","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-3905"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ncoza C. Dlova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dermatology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dermatology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":15,"institutions_distinct_count":35,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083442290"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.7911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99797931,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"162","issue":"10","first_page":"1034","last_page":"1034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11731","display_name":"Global Health and Surgery","score":0.5307999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11731","display_name":"Global Health and Surgery","score":0.5307999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11990","display_name":"Global Health Workforce Issues","score":0.4625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13123","display_name":"Advances in Oncology and Radiotherapy","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dermatology-workforce","display_name":"dermatology workforce","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-dermatology-care","display_name":"access to dermatologic care","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-health-inequalities","display_name":"global health disparities","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-countries","display_name":"low-income countries","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-disease-burden","display_name":"skin disease burden","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workforce-distribution","display_name":"workforce distribution","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-disparities","display_name":"urban-rural disparities","score":0.5090000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-workforce-planning","display_name":"health workforce planning","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delphi-method","display_name":"Delphi method","score":0.3540000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/who-regions","display_name":"WHO regions","score":0.4449999928474426}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8852999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13440398","display_name":"Workforce","level":2,"score":0.7476000189781189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4530999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.4172999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.36629998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780664029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120","display_name":"Disease burden","level":3,"score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.3416000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779951463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268788","display_name":"Quality of life (healthcare)","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28718268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118620","display_name":"Needs assessment","level":2,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.26350000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253","display_name":"Health services research","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778149918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3291156","display_name":"Population health","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020448403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282120","display_name":"Burden of disease","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000072085","descriptor_name":"Dermatologists","qualifier_ui":"Q000600","qualifier_name":"supply & distribution","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000072085","descriptor_name":"Dermatologists","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003880","descriptor_name":"Dermatology","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003906","descriptor_name":"Developing Countries","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006297","descriptor_name":"Health Services Accessibility","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012871","descriptor_name":"Skin Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014943","descriptor_name":"Global Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019049","descriptor_name":"Developed Countries","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146641495","display_name":"JAMA Dermatology","issn_l":"2168-6068","issn":["2168-6068","2168-6084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Dermatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.02.06.26345759","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.02.06.26345759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.02.06.26345759","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/02/09/2026.02.06.26345759.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42646828","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42646828","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA dermatology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jamadermatol.2026.3112","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S146641495","display_name":"JAMA Dermatology","issn_l":"2168-6068","issn":["2168-6068","2168-6084"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA Dermatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.9629999995231628},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.48510000109672546}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307115","display_name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","ror":"https://ror.org/00gtmwv55"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307648","display_name":"National Eczema Association","ror":"https://ror.org/043ewr774"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307758","display_name":"Eli Lilly and Company","ror":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307765","display_name":"Pfizer","ror":"https://ror.org/01xdqrp08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309370","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317544","display_name":"Incyte","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvzzg84"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318316","display_name":"Celltrion","ror":"https://ror.org/05k84m754"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328070","display_name":"Sun Pharma","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnqkx80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204237890.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204237890.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973097985","https://openalex.org/W1976155983","https://openalex.org/W2041104177","https://openalex.org/W2043861297","https://openalex.org/W2043932701","https://openalex.org/W2051521434","https://openalex.org/W2083120466","https://openalex.org/W2086855805","https://openalex.org/W2092842556","https://openalex.org/W2096031071","https://openalex.org/W2110266365","https://openalex.org/W2120268417","https://openalex.org/W2143557966","https://openalex.org/W2462161029","https://openalex.org/W2594455611","https://openalex.org/W2599322070","https://openalex.org/W2606731302","https://openalex.org/W2724130426","https://openalex.org/W2742893201","https://openalex.org/W2754335583","https://openalex.org/W2892342267","https://openalex.org/W2951768349","https://openalex.org/W2953738171","https://openalex.org/W2982553809","https://openalex.org/W3001870961","https://openalex.org/W3004717924","https://openalex.org/W3012778321","https://openalex.org/W3044919276","https://openalex.org/W3106716497","https://openalex.org/W3119523587","https://openalex.org/W3153504054","https://openalex.org/W3199500316","https://openalex.org/W4210268655","https://openalex.org/W4220870208","https://openalex.org/W4225299250","https://openalex.org/W4283796699","https://openalex.org/W4285803718","https://openalex.org/W4307723206","https://openalex.org/W4366219354","https://openalex.org/W4367056134","https://openalex.org/W4387245532","https://openalex.org/W4387613176","https://openalex.org/W4392145600","https://openalex.org/W4392516399","https://openalex.org/W4399701862","https://openalex.org/W4405882534","https://openalex.org/W4411449968","https://openalex.org/W4411747951","https://openalex.org/W4411970053","https://openalex.org/W4412137867","https://openalex.org/W4413889904","https://openalex.org/W4415658673","https://openalex.org/W4416516192","https://openalex.org/W7131675416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7128497490","https://openalex.org/W4366186111","https://openalex.org/W4285992651","https://openalex.org/W4416456850","https://openalex.org/W4292559720","https://openalex.org/W3087506804","https://openalex.org/W2892342267","https://openalex.org/W4232372648","https://openalex.org/W4387848189","https://openalex.org/W4210268655"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Importance:":[0],"There":[1,230,325],"are":[2],"4.7":[3],"to":[4,14,39,72,81,135,221,250,322,331,421,436],"4.9":[5],"billion":[6],"cases":[7],"of":[8,20,37,114,122,139,170,175,182,190,198,268,312,359,381,384,394,399,402,444],"skin":[9,362,429],"disease":[10],"a":[11],"year,":[12],"contributing":[13],"disability,":[15],"stigma,":[16],"and":[17,27,45,61,97,101,106,120,137,148,153,336,372,409,438,447],"reduced":[18],"quality":[19],"life.":[21],"Data":[22],"on":[23,245],"dermatologic":[24,40,251],"care":[25,41,52,333,347,360,367,450,456],"access":[26,38,134,249,321,330,343,420],"workforce":[28,131,258],"distribution":[29],"remain":[30],"limited.":[31],"Objective:":[32],"To":[33],"assess":[34],"key":[35],"metrics":[36],"globally.":[42,243],"Design,":[43],"Setting,":[44],"Participants:":[46],"This":[47,411],"cross-sectional":[48],"study":[49,412],"surveyed":[50],"dermatological":[51,323,422],"across":[53,145,338],"194":[54],"World":[55,85],"Health":[56],"Organization":[57],"(WHO)":[58],"member":[59],"states":[60],"3":[62],"additional":[63],"geographic":[64],"areas.":[65],"A":[66],"47-question":[67],"Delphi-derived":[68],"instrument":[69],"was":[70,208,260,326],"distributed":[71],"dermatology":[73,283,445],"leaders":[74],"in":[75,219,228,297,307,329,344,419,425],"each":[76],"country":[77],"from":[78,162,178,185,193,201,216],"August":[79],"2024":[80],"October":[82],"2025.":[83],"Exposure:":[84],"Bank":[86],"Income":[87],"(WBI)":[88],"levels":[89,147],"(low-income":[90],"countries":[91,99,164,187,195,246,269,313,382],"[LICs],":[92],"lower-middle-income":[93,186],"countries,":[94,96,278],"upper-middle-income":[95,194],"high-income":[98],"[HICs])":[100],"WHO":[102,149],"regions.":[103,150],"Main":[104],"Outcomes":[105,142],"Measures:":[107],"Primary":[108,346],"outcomes":[109,126],"were":[110,143,156,160,231,294,349,389],"the":[111,171,253,356],"estimated":[112,233,254],"density":[113,207,259],"dermatologists":[115,123,242,262,354],"per":[116,211,224,263],"100":[117,212,225,264],"000":[118,213,226],"globally":[119],"number":[121],"worldwide.":[124],"Secondary":[125],"included":[127],"training":[128,284,287,440],"program":[129],"density,":[130],"distribution,":[132],"perceived":[133],"care,":[136,252,423],"role":[138],"nondermatologist":[140,365],"practitioners.":[141],"compared":[144],"WBI":[146,291,339],"Response":[151],"certainty":[152],"data":[154],"source":[155],"assessed.":[157],"Results:":[158],"Responses":[159],"obtained":[161],"158":[163],"(>80%":[165],"response":[166],"rate),":[167],"representing":[168],"97%":[169],"global":[172,416,434],"population":[173,227],"(21":[174],"27":[176],"respondents":[177,184,192,200],"LICs":[179,220],"[78%];":[180],"45":[181],"52":[183,197],"[87%];":[188],"40":[189],"53":[191],"[75%];":[196],"65":[199],"HICs":[202],"[80%]).":[203],"Mean":[204],"(SD)":[205],"dermatologist":[206],"2.66":[209],"(2.92)":[210],"population,":[214],"ranging":[215],"0.37":[217],"(0.80)":[218],"5.05":[222],"(3.00)":[223],"HICs.":[229],"an":[232],"175":[234],"633":[235],"(95%":[236],"prediction":[237],"interval,":[238],"173":[239],"598-177":[240],"668)":[241],"Based":[244],"reporting":[247],"adequate":[248],"threshold":[255],"for":[256,361],"sufficient":[257],"5.63":[261],"000;":[265],"only":[266],"17%":[267],"(27":[270],"countries)":[271,281,315,386,404],"met":[272],"this":[273],"threshold.":[274],"Of":[275],"all":[276],"responding":[277],"21%":[279],"(31":[280],"lacked":[282],"programs,":[285,441],"with":[286,304,341,397],"availability":[288],"varying":[289],"by":[290,406],"level.":[292],"Dermatologists":[293],"primarily":[295],"based":[296],"urban":[298],"centers":[299],"(mean":[300],"[SD],":[301],"79%":[302],"[23%]),":[303],"increasing":[305],"maldistribution":[306],"lower-income":[308],"settings.":[309,427],"Overall,":[310,379],"42%":[311],"(57":[314],"reported":[316],"inadequate":[317],"or":[318,391],"extremely":[319],"poor":[320],"care.":[324],"significant":[327,415],"variation":[328],"subspecialty":[332],"(pediatric,":[334],"surgical,":[335],"dermatopathology)":[337],"levels,":[340],"worse":[342],"LICs.":[345],"physicians":[348],"cited":[350],"as":[351,353,355],"frequently":[352],"main":[357],"providers":[358],"disease.":[363],"Other":[364],"health":[366,430,455],"workers,":[368],"including":[369,452],"nurses,":[370],"pharmacists,":[371],"traditional":[373],"healers,":[374],"also":[375],"bore":[376],"substantial":[377],"responsibility.":[378],"85%":[380],"(115":[383],"136":[385],"indicated":[387],"they":[388],"certain":[390,393],"very":[392],"their":[395],"responses,":[396],"64%":[398],"responses":[400],"(91":[401],"143":[403],"informed":[405],"data.":[407],"Conclusion":[408],"Relevance:":[410],"found":[413],"that":[414],"disparities":[417],"exist":[418],"particularly":[424],"lower-resource":[426],"Achieving":[428],"equity":[431],"will":[432],"require":[433],"commitment":[435],"expanding":[437],"funding":[439],"incentivizing":[442],"decentralization":[443],"practice,":[446],"optimizing":[448],"alternative":[449],"delivery":[451],"upskilling":[453],"front-line":[454],"workers.":[457]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}
