{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204237426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","title":"The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Cell Types in Describing Neuronal Physiological Features","display_name":"The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Cell Types in Describing Neuronal Physiological Features","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204237426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779632","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13596156"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148331676","display_name":"Harshil Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7253-4954","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7253-4954"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harshil Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute","University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7253-4954","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148319962","display_name":"Xiao-Ping Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-7601","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-7601"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Ping Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3449-7601","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029762108","display_name":"Thomas Chartrand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-8681","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-8681"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Chartrand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7093-8681","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006854970","display_name":"Brian E. Kalmbach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-8097","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-8097"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Kalmbach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-8097","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085405013","display_name":"Ed S. Lein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-6552","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-6552"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ed Lein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-6552","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072126704","display_name":"\u015etefan Mihala\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-7100","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-7100"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Mihalas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute","University of Washington"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2629-7100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053568428","display_name":"Zhixin Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-7821","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-7821"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210140341","display_name":"Allen Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03cpe7c52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhixin Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Allen Institute"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-7821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Allen Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053568428"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210140341"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11289","display_name":"Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12859","display_name":"Cell Image Analysis Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuronal-electrophysiology","display_name":"neuronal electrophysiology","score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/single-cell-transcriptomics","display_name":"single-cell transcriptomics","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-type-classification","display_name":"cell type classification","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patch-clamp-recording","display_name":"patch-clamp recording","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scgpt","display_name":"scGPT","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"transformer models","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ion-channel-genes","display_name":"ion channel genes","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/highly-variable-genes","display_name":"highly variable genes","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-data-integration","display_name":"multimodal data integration","score":0.6010000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4731999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189014844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189118","display_name":"Cell type","level":3,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.2888000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23190000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.227400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777299769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3707858","display_name":"Type (biology)","level":2,"score":0.22010000050067902}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmid:42779632","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13596156","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42779632/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.20500623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20500623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20500623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.20500624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20500624","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20500624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.27.744753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.46810001134872437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1028130909","display_name":"EFRI BRAID: Using Proto-Object Based Saliency Inspired By Cortical Local Circuits to Limit the Hypothesis Space for Deep Learning Models","funder_award_id":"2223725","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2734037146","display_name":"From diverse dynamics to diverse computation via neural cell types","funder_award_id":"1rf1da055669-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G658874045","display_name":"CRCNS US-German Research Proposal: Computational models of representation and inter-areal communication in mouse visual cortex","funder_award_id":"2424124","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G846959664","display_name":"Modeling the structure-function relation in a reconstructed cortical tissue","funder_award_id":"1r01eb029813-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2061144561","https://openalex.org/W2178888844","https://openalex.org/W2231058499","https://openalex.org/W2239186975","https://openalex.org/W2267554996","https://openalex.org/W2268971953","https://openalex.org/W2510476362","https://openalex.org/W2528382567","https://openalex.org/W2734414396","https://openalex.org/W2800392236","https://openalex.org/W2888747982","https://openalex.org/W2906213364","https://openalex.org/W2942678593","https://openalex.org/W2946016273","https://openalex.org/W2949177718","https://openalex.org/W2949676527","https://openalex.org/W2950976066","https://openalex.org/W2952227234","https://openalex.org/W2953286293","https://openalex.org/W2969948459","https://openalex.org/W3023126733","https://openalex.org/W3101846945","https://openalex.org/W3106117005","https://openalex.org/W3120010443","https://openalex.org/W3132828104","https://openalex.org/W3139189563","https://openalex.org/W3162218953","https://openalex.org/W3204722966","https://openalex.org/W4290769203","https://openalex.org/W4361196070","https://openalex.org/W4387595301","https://openalex.org/W4392168151","https://openalex.org/W4393376075","https://openalex.org/W4401455022","https://openalex.org/W4409566559","https://openalex.org/W4410689365","https://openalex.org/W4412929241","https://openalex.org/W4414734186","https://openalex.org/W4416608069","https://openalex.org/W7116776344","https://openalex.org/W7167668826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7125269082","https://openalex.org/W4415071212","https://openalex.org/W4412992953","https://openalex.org/W2268971953","https://openalex.org/W2267554996","https://openalex.org/W7223405802","https://openalex.org/W2528382567","https://openalex.org/W4401937658","https://openalex.org/W2886554608","https://openalex.org/W2953286293"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Single-cell":[0],"RNA":[1],"sequencing":[2],"(scRNA-seq)":[3],"captures":[4],"detailed":[5],"gene":[6,89,93,177,224,230],"expression":[7,178,225],"profiles":[8],"at":[9,201],"scale,":[10],"while":[11],"patch-clamp":[12],"recordings":[13],"measure":[14,176],"intrinsic":[15],"neuronal":[16],"electrophysiological":[17,34,68],"properties.":[18],"Modeling":[19],"the":[20,108,115,202,291,308,320],"relations":[21],"between":[22],"these":[23,125,196],"two":[24,197,321],"modalities":[25],"remains":[26,206],"a":[27,48,155,164,214],"challenge.":[28],"Here,":[29],"we":[30,78,211],"compare":[31],"how":[32,154,186],"well":[33],"features":[35],"can":[36,144],"be":[37,145,324],"predicted":[38,268],"by":[39,113,147,256,283],"traditional":[40,129],"transcriptomic":[41,66],"cell":[42,82,119,204,264,285],"type":[43,83,120,265,286],"classification,":[44],"representations":[45,84,311],"derived":[46],"from":[47,71,75,290],"foundational":[49],"model":[50,103,218,294],"(scGPT)":[51],"pretrained":[52,148],"on":[53,220],"large-scale":[54],"scRNA-seq":[55],"datasets,":[56],"ion":[57,91],"channel-coding":[58],"genes,":[59],"and":[60,67,95,105,107,121,295],"highly":[61,87,134],"variable":[62,88],"genes.":[63],"Using":[64],"paired":[65],"patch-sequencing":[69],"data":[70,226,305],"495":[72],"human":[73,236],"neurons":[74],"neurosurgical":[76],"tissue,":[77],"find":[79],"that":[80,128,262,302],"cluster-level":[81],"generally":[85],"outperform":[86,312],"selection,":[90,94],"channel":[92],"context-enriched":[96],"scGPT":[97],"embeddings.":[98],"Notably,":[99],"performance":[100,142],"varies":[101],"across":[102],"architectures":[104],"initializations,":[106],"best":[109],"results":[110,280],"are":[111],"obtained":[112],"combining":[114,284],"outputs":[116],"of":[117,199,223,251],"separate":[118],"scGPT-based":[122],"models.":[123,150],"Together,":[124],"findings":[126,300],"suggest":[127,301],"discrete":[130],"cellular":[131],"classification":[132],"is":[133,163,306],"effective":[135],"in":[136,167,179,235,307,317],"predicting":[137],"physiological":[138],"features.":[139],"For":[140],"maximum":[141],"it":[143,173],"complemented":[146],"transformer":[149],"Author":[151],"summary:":[152],"Understanding":[153],"neuron's":[156],"genes":[157,252],"relate":[158],"to":[159,175,184,191,232],"its":[160],"electrical":[161,192,233,269],"properties":[162,270],"major":[165],"goal":[166],"neuroscience.":[168],"New":[169],"technologies":[170],"now":[171],"make":[172],"possible":[174],"individual":[180],"cells":[181,189,255],"and,":[182],"simultaneously,":[183],"record":[185],"those":[187],"same":[188],"respond":[190],"signals.":[193],"However,":[194],"relating":[195],"types":[198],"information":[200,289],"single":[203],"level":[205],"difficult.":[207],"In":[208],"this":[209,241],"study,":[210],"tested":[212],"whether":[213],"modern":[215],"artificial":[216,292],"intelligence":[217,293],"trained":[219],"large":[221,313],"collections":[222],"could":[227],"help":[228],"connect":[229],"activity":[231],"behavior":[234],"brain":[237],"cells.":[238],"We":[239,260],"compared":[240],"approach":[242],"with":[243,288],"simpler":[244,310],"strategies,":[245],"such":[246],"as":[247],"using":[248],"selected":[249],"sets":[250],"or":[253],"grouping":[254],"their":[257],"known":[258],"types.":[259],"found":[261],"basic":[263],"descriptions":[266],"often":[267],"better":[271],"than":[272,327],"more":[273],"complex":[274],"gene-based":[275],"methods":[276],"alone.":[277],"The":[278],"strongest":[279],"were":[281],"achieved":[282],"knowledge":[287],"training":[296],"them":[297],"together.":[298],"These":[299],"when":[303],"linking":[304],"hundreds,":[309],"general-purpose":[314],"AI":[315],"models":[316],"isolation,":[318],"but":[319],"approaches":[322],"may":[323],"complementary":[325],"rather":[326],"competing.":[328]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}
