{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204237092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","title":"Constructing asymmetric Fe2N6-LaN4 triatomic sites on MOF-derived carbon for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction performance in pH universal electrolytes","display_name":"Constructing asymmetric Fe2N6-LaN4 triatomic sites on MOF-derived carbon for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction performance in pH universal electrolytes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204237092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S188605413","display_name":"Carbon","issn_l":"0008-6223","issn":["0008-6223","1873-3891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Carbon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138645267","display_name":"Jianing Fan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianing Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148393616","display_name":"Baiyan Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baiyan Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5157948435","display_name":"Wenyuan Dai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenyuan Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102667518","display_name":"Manyuan Gan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manyuan Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136361770","display_name":"Xiandong Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0699-3652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0699-3652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiandong Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0699-3652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071803799","display_name":"Ying Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2347-2804","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2347-2804"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103080943","display_name":"Yanhui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-938X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4786-938X","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3001-3761"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159903","display_name":"Institute of Coal Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/05j73fd60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanhui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148313692","display_name":"Peizhi Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159903","display_name":"Institute of Coal Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/05j73fd60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peizhi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069470717","display_name":"Haojie Liang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojie Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103190767","display_name":"Yanzhen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5424-5893","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5424-5893"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159903","display_name":"Institute of Coal Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/05j73fd60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanzhen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121367070","display_name":"Wei Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-6102","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5372-6102"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100375635","display_name":"Haixia Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-3689","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-3689"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haixia Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5698-3689","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148330589","display_name":"Junjie Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159903","display_name":"Institute of Coal Chemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/05j73fd60","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9086337","display_name":"Taiyuan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03kv08d37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9086337"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100375635","https://openalex.org/A5121367070","https://openalex.org/A5148330589"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210159903","https://openalex.org/I9086337"],"apc_list":{"value":4830,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4830},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43435618,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"261","issue":null,"first_page":"122027","last_page":"122027"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10030","display_name":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10030","display_name":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11784","display_name":"CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10192","display_name":"Catalytic Processes in Materials Science","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxygen-reduction-reaction","display_name":"oxygen reduction reaction","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mof-derived-carbon","display_name":"metal-organic framework derived carbon","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zif-8","display_name":"ZIF-8","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen-doped-carbon","display_name":"nitrogen-doped carbon","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rare-earth-doping","display_name":"rare-earth doping","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/d-band-center","display_name":"d-band center","score":0.6340000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acidic-and-alkaline-electrolytes","display_name":"acidic and alkaline electrolytes","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zinc-air-batteries","display_name":"zinc-air batteries","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis","display_name":"pyrolysis","score":0.7730000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193201615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2788607","display_name":"Triatomic molecule","level":3,"score":0.7547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68801617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162908","display_name":"Electrolyte","level":3,"score":0.6926000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.6425999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.632099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994571290","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106750579","display_name":"Oxygen reduction reaction","level":4,"score":0.5644999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C540031477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629","display_name":"Oxygen","level":2,"score":0.5112000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4343999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992754303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641506","display_name":"Oxygen reduction","level":4,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65024703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373406","display_name":"Reaction mechanism","level":3,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512735826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2025","display_name":"Carbon monoxide","level":3,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778210615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910482","display_name":"Oxygene","level":3,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530467964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997","display_name":"Carbon dioxide","level":2,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518881349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682","display_name":"Sulfur","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33989665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357962","display_name":"Electrocatalyst","level":4,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207170983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2901852","display_name":"Compounds of carbon","level":3,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2026.122027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S188605413","display_name":"Carbon","issn_l":"0008-6223","issn":["0008-6223","1873-3891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Carbon","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1816295995","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202203021211138","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1931823354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202203021211168","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2578155415","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52572032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3054520971","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52571251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4825830299","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U21\u2005A20174","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5918569182","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202303021221257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8322235434","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52201019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8461896414","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52271064","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322666","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2080653470","https://openalex.org/W2082061645","https://openalex.org/W2316660416","https://openalex.org/W2768340505","https://openalex.org/W3096894751","https://openalex.org/W4200106039","https://openalex.org/W4200230004","https://openalex.org/W4220917378","https://openalex.org/W4280522431","https://openalex.org/W4285272197","https://openalex.org/W4307139808","https://openalex.org/W4307344422","https://openalex.org/W4308599720","https://openalex.org/W4309858972","https://openalex.org/W4324046712","https://openalex.org/W4366482828","https://openalex.org/W4367834279","https://openalex.org/W4376269557","https://openalex.org/W4376619504","https://openalex.org/W4377011807","https://openalex.org/W4379615742","https://openalex.org/W4381943566","https://openalex.org/W4384455643","https://openalex.org/W4384914548","https://openalex.org/W4385693988","https://openalex.org/W4387077931","https://openalex.org/W4392237707","https://openalex.org/W4392559892","https://openalex.org/W4396688342","https://openalex.org/W4396763244","https://openalex.org/W4399172904","https://openalex.org/W4399176569","https://openalex.org/W4400315833","https://openalex.org/W4401885777","https://openalex.org/W4402668380","https://openalex.org/W4402824114","https://openalex.org/W4403825568","https://openalex.org/W4404287355","https://openalex.org/W4405412685","https://openalex.org/W4407055356","https://openalex.org/W4407242211","https://openalex.org/W4407615642","https://openalex.org/W4408286463","https://openalex.org/W4410040726","https://openalex.org/W4410490249","https://openalex.org/W4410740358","https://openalex.org/W4412372501"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400447396","https://openalex.org/W4387077931","https://openalex.org/W4229062690","https://openalex.org/W7162325427","https://openalex.org/W7203918260","https://openalex.org/W3045351611","https://openalex.org/W4225152048","https://openalex.org/W4405774797","https://openalex.org/W4283809115","https://openalex.org/W4407615642"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-09T09:14:12.587421","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}