{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204236355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Benzhydroxamic Acid-Loaded Dissolving Microneedles Using a 3D-Printing-Assisted Mold Fabrication Approach","display_name":"Fabrication and Characterization of Benzhydroxamic Acid-Loaded Dissolving Microneedles Using a 3D-Printing-Assisted Mold Fabrication Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204236355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42796125"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi17091006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108995036","display_name":"Arjun Gokulan Manivannan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145286018","display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/050113w36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Gokulan Manivannan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033141272","display_name":"Jayasankar Narayanan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145286018","display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/050113w36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narayanan Jayasankar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6149-2761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu 603203, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145286018"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048086609","display_name":"Bhupendra Gopalbhai Prajapati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-4541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-4541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86677382","display_name":"Silpakorn University","ror":"https://ror.org/02d0tyt78","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86677382"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9694494","display_name":"Parul University","ror":"https://ror.org/024v3fg07","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9694494"]}],"countries":["IN","TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhupendra G. Prajapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand","Department of Pharmaceutics, Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8242-4541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86677382"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Parul University, Waghodia, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9694494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148199771","display_name":"Karan Prajapati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karan Prajapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research and Development, Amneal Pharmaceutical, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research and Development, Amneal Pharmaceutical, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111283492","display_name":"Suhaskumar Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5433-4562","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5433-4562"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suhaskumar Patel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Formulation Research and Development, Amneal Pharmaceutical, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5433-4562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Formulation Research and Development, Amneal Pharmaceutical, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"fwci":3.084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9315236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"9","first_page":"1006","last_page":"1006"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10704","display_name":"Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10920","display_name":"Advanced Drug Delivery Systems","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3003","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10729","display_name":"Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dissolving-microneedles","display_name":"dissolving microneedles","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benzhydroxamic-acid","display_name":"benzhydroxamic acid","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transdermal-drug-delivery","display_name":"transdermal drug delivery","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereolithography","display_name":"stereolithography","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polydimethylsiloxane-mold","display_name":"polydimethylsiloxane mold","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-thinning","display_name":"shear thinning","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-loading-efficiency","display_name":"drug loading efficiency","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-permeation","display_name":"skin permeation","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-polymer-compatibility","display_name":"drug-polymer compatibility","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205679159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3375179","display_name":"Transdermal","level":2,"score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.7032999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779849746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411955","display_name":"Polydimethylsiloxane","level":2,"score":0.6845999956130981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.6585999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778370115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2038676","display_name":"Stratum corneum","level":2,"score":0.5978999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.5227000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1392806","display_name":"Drug delivery","level":2,"score":0.46239998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780566776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159341","display_name":"Mold","level":2,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.43070000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14029885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282807","display_name":"Dissolution testing","level":4,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50670333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907651","display_name":"Permeation","level":3,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777230088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864426","display_name":"Biocompatibility","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163588942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165929","display_name":"Controlled release","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26291073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310484","display_name":"Ex vivo","level":3,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13245373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3715494","display_name":"Drug carrier","level":3,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi17091006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42796125","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42796125","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:579ed9039cd246f999e7b922802dd4ea","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/579ed9039cd246f999e7b922802dd4ea","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines, Vol 17, Iss 9, p 1006 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13609690","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13609690/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/mi17091006","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/mi17091006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S96702057","display_name":"Micromachines","issn_l":"2072-666X","issn":["2072-666X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Micromachines","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5937342047691345,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2226361931","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CRFPM002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317486","funder_display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317486","display_name":"SRM Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037skf023"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977072597","https://openalex.org/W1983473009","https://openalex.org/W1983958590","https://openalex.org/W1992672071","https://openalex.org/W2086073464","https://openalex.org/W2109954853","https://openalex.org/W2605953917","https://openalex.org/W3196699295","https://openalex.org/W4309730079","https://openalex.org/W4388282482","https://openalex.org/W4391576675","https://openalex.org/W4395085198","https://openalex.org/W4396830485","https://openalex.org/W4401761679","https://openalex.org/W4402995334","https://openalex.org/W4403759169","https://openalex.org/W4404609828","https://openalex.org/W4408605469","https://openalex.org/W4408933141","https://openalex.org/W4409912121","https://openalex.org/W4410022768","https://openalex.org/W4410352642","https://openalex.org/W4410440540","https://openalex.org/W4411350169","https://openalex.org/W4412520119","https://openalex.org/W4413480541","https://openalex.org/W4415622615","https://openalex.org/W4416416758","https://openalex.org/W7119512697","https://openalex.org/W7130333738","https://openalex.org/W7138904297","https://openalex.org/W7163419633"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dissolving":[0],"microneedles":[1,65,92,112],"offers":[2],"a":[3,47,67,85,96,123,142,207,213,245],"minimally":[4],"invasive":[5],"approach":[6,71],"for":[7,72,102],"transdermal":[8,73,246],"drug":[9,13,74,160,228,247],"delivery":[10,248],"by":[11],"facilitating":[12],"transport":[14],"across":[15],"the":[16,153,188,200],"stratum":[17],"corneum":[18],"while":[19,167],"overcoming":[20],"several":[21],"limitations":[22],"associated":[23,37],"with":[24,38,122],"conventional":[25],"routes":[26],"of":[27,126,134,145,184,194,202],"administration.":[28],"Benzhydroxamic":[29,89],"acid":[30,186,205],"has":[31,51],"demonstrated":[32,141],"biochemical":[33],"and":[34,40,60,100,107,118,131,149,178,224,232,236],"computational":[35],"evidence":[36,193],"inflammatory":[39],"pain-related":[41],"pathways;":[42],"however,":[43],"its":[44,242],"incorporation":[45,183],"into":[46,152,187,206],"dissolving":[48,64,91,209],"microneedle":[49,210],"platform":[50,211],"not":[52],"been":[53],"extensively":[54],"explored.This":[55],"study":[56],"aimed":[57],"to":[58,83],"fabricate":[59],"characterize":[61],"benzhydroxamic":[62,185,204],"acid-loaded":[63,90],"using":[66,95,212],"3D-printing-assisted":[68,214],"mold":[69,80,215],"fabrication":[70,216],"delivery.":[75],"A":[76],"stereolithography-based":[77],"3D-printed":[78],"master":[79],"was":[81],"used":[82],"prepare":[84],"reverse":[86],"polydimethylsiloxane":[87],"mold.":[88],"were":[93],"fabricated":[94],"PVA/PVP":[97,189,208],"polymeric":[98],"matrix":[99,190],"evaluated":[101],"their":[103],"physicochemical,":[104],"mechanical,":[105],"insertional,":[106],"drug-delivery":[108,239],"characteristics.":[109],"The":[110,139,197,218],"developed":[111,219],"exhibited":[113,221],"shear-thinning":[114],"behavior,":[115],"uniform":[116],"morphology,":[117],"satisfactory":[119,233],"mechanical":[120,225],"properties,":[121],"compression":[124],"force":[125],"3.5":[127],"\u00b1":[128,136,147],"0.01":[129],"N/needle":[130],"tensile":[132],"strength":[133],"3.84":[135],"0.21":[137],"MPa.":[138],"formulation":[140],"drug-loading":[143],"efficiency":[144],"94.6":[146],"0.35%":[148],"effective":[150,230],"insertion":[151],"Parafilm\u00ae":[154],"M":[155],"skin-simulant":[156],"model.":[157],"In":[158],"vitro":[159,235],"release":[161],"reached":[162,172],"97.24%":[163],"over":[164,174],"24":[165,175],"h,":[166],"ex":[168,237],"vivo":[169,238],"skin":[170],"permeation":[171],"94.83%":[173],"h.":[176],"FTIR":[177],"XRD":[179],"analyses":[180],"indicated":[181],"successful":[182],"without":[191],"major":[192],"drug\u2013polymer":[195],"incompatibility.":[196],"findings":[198],"demonstrate":[199],"feasibility":[201],"incorporating":[203],"approach.":[217],"system":[220],"suitable":[222],"physicochemical":[223],"characteristics,":[226],"efficient":[227],"loading,":[229],"insertion,":[231],"in":[234],"performance,":[240],"supporting":[241],"potential":[243],"as":[244],"platform.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-09T09:14:12.587421","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}