{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204233116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","title":"Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Using a Quantum Support Vector Machine","display_name":"Predicting Cardiovascular Disease Using a Quantum Support Vector Machine","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204233116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094220599","display_name":"Dontha Madhusudhana Rao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dontha Madhusudan Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148276676","display_name":"B. Venkata Sai Mahesh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Venkata Sai Mahesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148213111","display_name":"KMV Srikumar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"KMV Srikumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148297988","display_name":"Chapati Tagore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81556334","display_name":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","ror":"https://ror.org/03am10p12","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chapati Tagore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81556334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006282437","display_name":"Sunil Kumar Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-6636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-6636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Kumar Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Academy of Higher Education"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5262-6636","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chandan Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1212-8418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1212-8418"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chandan Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amity University Jharkhand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1212-8418","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amity University Jharkhand","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006282437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"apc_paid":{"value":2195,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2195},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70028544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.5791000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.5791000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.4074999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease-prediction","display_name":"cardiovascular disease prediction","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-support-vector-machine","display_name":"quantum support vector machine","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-kernels","display_name":"quantum kernels","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-feature-maps","display_name":"quantum feature maps","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-disease-classification","display_name":"heart disease classification","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uci-heart-disease-dataset","display_name":"UCI heart disease dataset","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-machine-learning","display_name":"quantum machine learning","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nisq-devices","display_name":"NISQ devices","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-data","display_name":"clinical data","score":0.36500000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7117000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203087015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378201","display_name":"Qubit","level":3,"score":0.6643000245094299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6062999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.4487000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.42260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15706264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230883","display_name":"Quantum state","level":3,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3353999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.322299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62799726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190056","display_name":"Hilbert space","level":2,"score":0.2728999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.2623000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:02d9c469b4c04f29aa91850b30bc3893","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/02d9c469b4c04f29aa91850b30bc3893","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence, Vol 40, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08839514.2026.2684103?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125501549","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":"0883-9514","issn":["0883-9514","1087-6545"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8228785395622253}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204233116.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204233116.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989164753","https://openalex.org/W2913705661","https://openalex.org/W2920805549","https://openalex.org/W2954788759","https://openalex.org/W3135427870","https://openalex.org/W3157928585","https://openalex.org/W3177781640","https://openalex.org/W3194905393","https://openalex.org/W3198829420","https://openalex.org/W3198994498","https://openalex.org/W3204349696","https://openalex.org/W4200634539","https://openalex.org/W4220812402","https://openalex.org/W4229379232","https://openalex.org/W4281738949","https://openalex.org/W4297509995","https://openalex.org/W4309045772","https://openalex.org/W4309697344","https://openalex.org/W4313328641","https://openalex.org/W4318200577","https://openalex.org/W4320016093","https://openalex.org/W4322504259","https://openalex.org/W4324383485","https://openalex.org/W4327968791","https://openalex.org/W4367355288","https://openalex.org/W4379979445","https://openalex.org/W4380563926","https://openalex.org/W4383878931","https://openalex.org/W4384067752","https://openalex.org/W4385607217","https://openalex.org/W4386031279","https://openalex.org/W4386426201","https://openalex.org/W4386812592","https://openalex.org/W4388109513","https://openalex.org/W4390812943","https://openalex.org/W4390831829","https://openalex.org/W4393194987","https://openalex.org/W4393315553","https://openalex.org/W4396632230","https://openalex.org/W4398545733","https://openalex.org/W4399857653","https://openalex.org/W4403044599","https://openalex.org/W4403723948","https://openalex.org/W4405377589","https://openalex.org/W4407637022","https://openalex.org/W4408738415","https://openalex.org/W4409767827","https://openalex.org/W4409848755","https://openalex.org/W4410020697","https://openalex.org/W4411189289","https://openalex.org/W4411462785","https://openalex.org/W4411551588","https://openalex.org/W4412191442","https://openalex.org/W4412536372","https://openalex.org/W4413364781","https://openalex.org/W4414026358","https://openalex.org/W7107971506","https://openalex.org/W7120189341"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cardiovascular":[0],"disease":[1,98],"(CVD)":[2],"is":[3],"the":[4,19,37,128,161,174,182],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,41,160],"global":[8],"mortality,":[9],"with":[10,85,123,142],"over":[11],"19.8":[12],"million":[13],"deaths":[14],"recorded":[15],"in":[16,36,139],"2022,":[17],"underscoring":[18],"urgent":[20],"necessity":[21],"for":[22],"precise":[23],"early-stage":[24],"computational":[25],"diagnostic":[26],"techniques.":[27],"The":[28,88,168],"traditional":[29,86],"machine":[30],"learning":[31],"approaches":[32],"tend":[33],"to":[34,69,148,156],"fail":[35],"nonlinear":[38],"feature":[39,80,145,162],"interactions":[40,81],"high-dimensional":[42,75],"clinical":[43,107],"data.":[44],"This":[45],"paper":[46],"provides":[47],"a":[48,57,66,74,93,124,143],"Quantum":[49],"Support":[50],"Vector":[51],"Machine":[52],"(QSVM)":[53],"framework":[54],"that":[55,82,100],"uses":[56],"fidelity-based":[58],"quantum":[59,140,152,196],"kernel,":[60],"calculated":[61],"using":[62],"PennyLane":[63],"Lightning,":[64],"and":[65,105,119,151,164,193],"qubit":[67,191],"simulator":[68],"map":[70,146,163],"patient":[71,103],"data":[72],"into":[73],"Hilbert":[76],"space,":[77],"enabling":[78],"complex":[79],"are":[83],"unattainable":[84],"kernels.":[87],"model":[89],"was":[90,154],"tested":[91],"on":[92,181],"publicly":[94],"available":[95],"UCI-based":[96],"heart":[97,117],"dataset":[99],"included":[101],"1,025":[102],"records":[104],"13":[106,135,149],"features,":[108],"such":[109],"as":[110],"chest":[111],"pain":[112],"type,":[113],"ST":[114],"depression,":[115],"maximum":[116],"rate,":[118],"thalassemia":[120],"test":[121],"results,":[122],"near-balanced":[125],"distribution":[126],"between":[127],"classes":[129],"(51.3%":[130],"positive,":[131],"48.7%":[132],"negative).":[133],"All":[134],"features":[136],"were":[137],"represented":[138],"states":[141],"Hadamard-RY":[144],"applied":[147],"qubits,":[150],"pipelining":[153],"used":[155],"perform":[157],"batch":[158],"executions":[159],"reduce":[165],"simulation":[166],"overhead.":[167],"QSVM":[169],"achieved":[170,179],"93.90%":[171],"accuracy,":[172],"outperforming":[173],"classical":[175],"SVM":[176],"baseline,":[177],"which":[178],"92.50%":[180],"same":[183],"dataset.":[184],"Complexity":[185],"analysis":[186],"shows":[187],"O(d)":[188],"depth,":[189],"linear":[190],"scaling,":[192],"NISQ-compatible":[194],"scalable":[195],"biomedical":[197],"diagnostics.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}
