{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204232552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","title":"Storytelling Matters: Effects of Different Narrative Types in Immersive XR Avatar-Based Learning","display_name":"Storytelling Matters: Effects of Different Narrative Types in Immersive XR Avatar-Based Learning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204232552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407115740","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000504714","display_name":"Iara Margolis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iara Margolis","raw_affiliation_strings":["CCG/ZGDV Institute Lab2PT and DeTech, University of Minho"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1677-6607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CCG/ZGDV Institute Lab2PT and DeTech, University of Minho","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101529758","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Rocha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4328-9506","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4328-9506"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090193","display_name":"Centro de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Gr\u00e1fica","ror":"https://ror.org/00aahnw66","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Rocha","raw_affiliation_strings":["CCG/ZGDV Institute Guimar\u00e3es"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4328-9506","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CCG/ZGDV Institute Guimar\u00e3es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148295012","display_name":"Ana Alves","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090193","display_name":"Centro de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Gr\u00e1fica","ror":"https://ror.org/00aahnw66","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Alves","raw_affiliation_strings":["CCG/ZGDV Institute Guimar\u00e3es"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CCG/ZGDV Institute Guimar\u00e3es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148186054","display_name":"Diogo Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade do Minho Braga"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade do Minho Braga","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103799787","display_name":"Carlos Santos Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1224-5761","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1224-5761"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252486","display_name":"Centro Tecnol\u00f3gico da Cer\u00e2mica e do Vidro (Portugal)","ror":"https://ror.org/038xfq586","country_code":"PT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252486"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["CTCV \u2013 Technological Centre for Ceramics and Glass Coimbra"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1224-5761","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CTCV \u2013 Technological Centre for Ceramics and Glass Coimbra","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062140346","display_name":"Francisco Rafael da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-5640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-5640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252486","display_name":"Centro Tecnol\u00f3gico da Cer\u00e2mica e do Vidro (Portugal)","ror":"https://ror.org/038xfq586","country_code":"PT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252486"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["CTCV \u2013 Technological Centre for Ceramics and Glass ALGORITMI Research Centre Coimbra"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-5640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CTCV \u2013 Technological Centre for Ceramics and Glass ALGORITMI Research Centre Coimbra","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405252486"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103113548","display_name":"Nuno Sousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-7939","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-7939"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090193","display_name":"Centro de Computa\u00e7\u00e3o Gr\u00e1fica","ror":"https://ror.org/00aahnw66","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405252451","display_name":"Centro ALGORITMI","ror":"https://ror.org/05w8p0566","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252451"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuno Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["CCG/ZGDV Institute ALGORITMI Research Centre Guimar\u00e3es"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-7939","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CCG/ZGDV Institute ALGORITMI Research Centre Guimar\u00e3es","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090193","https://openalex.org/I4405252451"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.76419997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.76419997215271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10888","display_name":"Augmented Reality Applications","score":0.12240000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.03880000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersive-learning","display_name":"immersive learning","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative-engagement","display_name":"narrative engagement","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-term-learning","display_name":"short-term learning","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-robots","display_name":"industrial robots","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience","display_name":"user experience","score":0.8410000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5931000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776538412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989963","display_name":"Storytelling","level":3,"score":0.5256999731063843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.36550000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65682993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056451","display_name":"Reflection (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407115740","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ie2c69620.2026.11663027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407115740","display_name":"IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Innovation, Ethics & Emerging Tech in Engineering and Computing Education (IE2C)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2062865797","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W4406192375","https://openalex.org/W4406935993","https://openalex.org/W4408273912","https://openalex.org/W4408527277","https://openalex.org/W4409098628","https://openalex.org/W4410082660","https://openalex.org/W4410086493","https://openalex.org/W4412594062","https://openalex.org/W4412644769","https://openalex.org/W4413923431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7128909728","https://openalex.org/W7221014523","https://openalex.org/W3020530578","https://openalex.org/W2968006093","https://openalex.org/W6904136121","https://openalex.org/W3094469886","https://openalex.org/W2780526796","https://openalex.org/W2967422216","https://openalex.org/W3043084835","https://openalex.org/W7006851677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,50,78,125,135,150,158,163,212,223,239],"impact":[4],"of":[5,226],"three":[6],"delivery":[7,45,122,243],"styles":[8,82,123],"(Humorous,":[9],"Enthusiastic,":[10],"and":[11,24,55,80,166,180,202,250],"Formal)":[12],"presented":[13,210],"by":[14,192],"a":[15,61,73,154,258],"life-sized":[16],"holographic":[17,262],"avatar":[18],"on":[19],"user":[20],"experience,":[21],"narrative":[22],"engagement,":[23],"short-term":[25,86,251],"learning":[26,67,87,132,144,175,236,252],"in":[27,44,60,110,124,211,261],"an":[28],"instructional":[29,35,112,136,214],"scenario":[30],"about":[31],"industrial":[32],"robots.":[33,169],"The":[34,138,170],"content":[36,95],"was":[37,181,209],"kept":[38],"constant":[39],"across":[40,69,134,146,177],"conditions,":[41,71],"differing":[42],"only":[43],"style.":[46],"Quantitative":[47],"performance":[48,88],"measures,":[49],"Narrative":[51],"Engagement":[52],"Measure":[53],"(NEM),":[54],"qualitative":[56],"feedback":[57],"were":[58,119],"combined":[59],"mixed-methods":[62],"evaluation.":[63],"Results":[64],"indicated":[65],"overall":[66],"success":[68],"all":[70],"although":[72],"descriptive":[74,128],"trend":[75],"suggests":[76],"that":[77,102,242],"\u2018Humorous\u2019":[79],"\u2018Enthusiastic\u2019":[81],"may":[83,233,245],"better":[84],"maintain":[85],"during":[89],"later":[90],"or":[91],"potentially":[92],"more":[93,184],"demanding":[94],"segments":[96],"compared":[97],"to":[98,162,205,220],"\u2018Formal\u2019":[99],"narratives,":[100],"indicating":[101],"avatar-mediated":[103],"explanations":[104],"can":[105],"support":[106],"immediate":[107],"knowledge":[108],"acquisition":[109],"short":[111],"sessions.":[113],"Although":[114],"no":[115],"statistically":[116],"significant":[117],"differences":[118],"found":[120],"between":[121],"NEM":[126],"analysis,":[127],"results":[129,240],"revealed":[130],"distinct":[131],"patterns":[133],"sequence.":[137],"Enthusiastic":[139],"condition":[140,152,172],"showed":[141,153],"relatively":[142],"stable":[143],"gains":[145,176],"robot":[147,160,178,193,227],"types,":[148],"while":[149],"Formal":[151],"marked":[155],"decrease":[156],"from":[157,199],"Articulated":[159,200],"(100%)":[161],"Cartesian":[164,203],"(83.3%)":[165],"Delta":[167,206],"(58.3%)":[168],"Humorous":[171],"maintained":[173],"high":[174],"types":[179],"associated":[182],"with":[183,195,229],"positive":[185],"subjective":[186],"feedback.":[187],"Learning":[188],"outcomes":[189],"also":[190],"varied":[191],"content,":[194],"gain":[196],"rates":[197],"decreasing":[198],"(97.2%)":[201],"(91.7%)":[204],"(80.6%),":[207],"which":[208,232],"final":[213],"segment.":[215],"These":[216],"findings":[217],"are":[218],"subject":[219],"limitations":[221],"regarding":[222],"potential":[224],"confounding":[225],"type":[228],"presentation":[230],"order,":[231],"have":[234],"influenced":[235],"dynamics.":[237],"Overall,":[238],"indicate":[241],"style":[244],"shape":[246],"users\u2019":[247],"experiential":[248],"perception":[249],"dynamics,":[253],"supporting":[254],"its":[255],"consideration":[256],"as":[257],"design":[259],"parameter":[260],"avatar-based":[263],"instruction.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}