{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204231104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","title":"Advancing Assessment of Degenerative Mitral Stenosis: The Role of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography","display_name":"Advancing Assessment of Degenerative Mitral Stenosis: The Role of Three-Dimensional Echocardiography","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204231104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000553579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184113","display_name":"Cardiology","issn_l":"0008-6312","issn":["0008-6312","1421-9751"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109607150","display_name":"Gregorio Menz\u00e0","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6759-4763","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6759-4763"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102151","display_name":"Santa Maria Nuova Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01cyv3m84","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102151"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregorio Menz\u00e0","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRCCS-Azienda USL di Reggio nell'Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Cardiologia, Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy, gregorio.menza@hotmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6759-4763","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRCCS-Azienda USL di Reggio nell'Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Cardiologia, Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy, gregorio.menza@hotmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102151"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004535385","display_name":"Alessandro Navazio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-7783","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8417-7783"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210102151","display_name":"Santa Maria Nuova Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01cyv3m84","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210102151"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Navazio","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRCCS-Azienda USL di Reggio nell'Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Cardiologia, Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRCCS-Azienda USL di Reggio nell'Emilia, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova, Unit\u00e0 Operativa di Cardiologia, Reggio nell'Emilia, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102151"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210102151"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10172","display_name":"Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10172","display_name":"Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10372","display_name":"Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatic-mitral-stenosis","display_name":"rheumatic mitral stenosis","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitral-annular-calcification","display_name":"mitral annular calcification","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-dimensional-echocardiography","display_name":"three-dimensional echocardiography","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitral-valve-area","display_name":"mitral valve area","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planimetry","display_name":"planimetry","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustic-shadowing","display_name":"acoustic shadowing","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valve-geometry","display_name":"valve geometry","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitral-annulus","display_name":"mitral annulus","score":0.5889999866485596}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7767000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780309369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933382","display_name":"Calcification","level":2,"score":0.6133000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780007028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2343082","display_name":"Stenosis","level":2,"score":0.6055999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777543888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369939","display_name":"Mitral valve","level":2,"score":0.5809000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5677000284194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57900726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492905","display_name":"Diastole","level":3,"score":0.5601999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780703314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140794","display_name":"Mitral valve stenosis","level":3,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780346441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55609890","display_name":"Doppler echocardiography","level":4,"score":0.3172999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99398487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257319","display_name":"Cardiac cycle","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775981168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239027","display_name":"Calcinosis","level":3,"score":0.30469998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777427615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954257","display_name":"Degenerative disease","level":3,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194242075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546776","display_name":"Body orifice","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000553579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000553579","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184113","display_name":"Cardiology","issn_l":"0008-6312","issn":["0008-6312","1421-9751"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42647441","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42647441","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cardiology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977190853","https://openalex.org/W1978166365","https://openalex.org/W1989405005","https://openalex.org/W1994812657","https://openalex.org/W2024622102","https://openalex.org/W2048808517","https://openalex.org/W2065403611","https://openalex.org/W2070168725","https://openalex.org/W2070558810","https://openalex.org/W2072681756","https://openalex.org/W2104014324","https://openalex.org/W2112050863","https://openalex.org/W2120152609","https://openalex.org/W2122635574","https://openalex.org/W2142000690","https://openalex.org/W2317358616","https://openalex.org/W2559774877","https://openalex.org/W2773739430","https://openalex.org/W2888115433","https://openalex.org/W2965816440","https://openalex.org/W2967082183","https://openalex.org/W3135697067","https://openalex.org/W3156799587","https://openalex.org/W3203187630","https://openalex.org/W4290721412","https://openalex.org/W4309730496","https://openalex.org/W4389730446","https://openalex.org/W4403317371","https://openalex.org/W4404532496","https://openalex.org/W4417440342"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3210046616","https://openalex.org/W1965879918","https://openalex.org/W4294118433","https://openalex.org/W2052402011","https://openalex.org/W2884464113","https://openalex.org/W2844447584","https://openalex.org/W2355471737","https://openalex.org/W2568081446","https://openalex.org/W2967832266","https://openalex.org/W4237224251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Degenerative":[1],"mitral":[2,7,82,126],"stenosis":[3],"(MS)":[4],"caused":[5],"by":[6,62,85,129],"annular":[8,115],"calcification":[9],"is":[10,59,111],"increasingly":[11],"recognized":[12],"in":[13,23,105,135],"the":[14,30,41,81,90,101,108,114,131],"aging":[15],"population":[16],"and":[17,25,46,49,68,137],"differs":[18],"fundamentally":[19],"from":[20],"rheumatic":[21,45,95,138],"MS":[22,48,107],"anatomy":[24],"pathophysiology.":[26],"These":[27],"differences":[28,43],"limit":[29],"accuracy":[31],"of":[32,80,125],"conventional":[33],"two-dimensional":[34,57],"echocardiographic":[35],"assessment.":[36],"SUMMARY:":[37],"This":[38],"review":[39],"highlights":[40],"anatomical":[42,78,133],"between":[44],"degenerative":[47,55,106,136],"their":[50],"implications":[51],"for":[52],"imaging.":[53],"In":[54,94],"MS,":[56,96],"echocardiography":[58,73,120],"often":[60],"limited":[61],"acoustic":[63],"shadowing,":[64],"complex":[65],"valve":[66,83,92,127],"geometry,":[67],"flow-dependent":[69],"Doppler":[70],"measurements.":[71],"Three-dimensional":[72,119],"provides":[74],"a":[75],"more":[76],"accurate":[77],"assessment":[79,124],"area":[84,128],"adapting":[86],"planimetric":[87,123],"measurements":[88,97],"to":[89],"underlying":[91],"morphology.":[93],"are":[98],"performed":[99],"at":[100,113],"leaflet":[102],"tips,":[103],"whereas":[104],"narrowest":[109],"orifice":[110,134],"located":[112],"level.":[116],"KEY":[117],"MESSAGES:":[118],"allows":[121],"etiology-specific":[122],"identifying":[130],"true":[132],"MS.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}