{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204228447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","title":"Comparative Nutrient Profiling of Kitchen Food Waste, Cow Dung, and Their Bio-slurries in Kilifi County, Kenya","display_name":"Comparative Nutrient Profiling of Kitchen Food Waste, Cow Dung, and Their Bio-slurries in Kilifi County, Kenya","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204228447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765079695","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","issn_l":"2394-1073","issn":["2394-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038585193","display_name":"Humphrey Allan Mwajoha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-0631","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3602-0631"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I279922783","display_name":"Pwani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02952pd71","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Allan Mwajoha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000138103","display_name":"Elisha Otieno Gogo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-2980","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5656-2980"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I279922783","display_name":"Pwani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02952pd71","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elisha Otieno Gogo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054972767","display_name":"Simon Mbuvi Muti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I279922783","display_name":"Pwani University","ror":"https://ror.org/02952pd71","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Muti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pwani University, P.O. Box 195-80108, Kilifi, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038585193"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I279922783"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"5","first_page":"321","last_page":"333"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10284","display_name":"Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.02239999920129776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13246","display_name":"Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management","score":0.010900000110268593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle-manure","display_name":"cattle manure","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anaerobic-digestion","display_name":"anaerobic digestion","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biogas","display_name":"biogas","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioslurry","display_name":"bioslurry","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-profiling","display_name":"nutrient profiling","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-properties","display_name":"physicochemical properties","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alternative-feedstocks","display_name":"alternative feedstocks","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonium","display_name":"ammonium","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-density","display_name":"bulk density","score":0.4300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture-content","display_name":"moisture content","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kilifi-county","display_name":"Kilifi County","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2341566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910759","display_name":"Cow dung","level":3,"score":0.9211999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75212476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas","level":2,"score":0.7342000007629395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499616599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555853","display_name":"Anaerobic digestion","level":3,"score":0.7307000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.6444000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.6129000186920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780539549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7252857","display_name":"Proximate","level":2,"score":0.5536999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5335000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.4212999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13080248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864214","display_name":"Biodegradable waste","level":2,"score":0.4115000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777499484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18919","display_name":"Food waste","level":2,"score":0.41119998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994333036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171076","display_name":"Biogas production","level":4,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3700999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018023364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Significant difference","level":2,"score":0.3508000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158787203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900291","display_name":"Total organic carbon","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5140985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483866","display_name":"Anaerobic exercise","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780193101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5603620","display_name":"Green waste","level":3,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.3012999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61716771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496","display_name":"Feces","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65545243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056304","display_name":"Waste treatment","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992766967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Animal waste","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75779659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18538","display_name":"Municipal solid waste","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992972311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8495","display_name":"Cow milk","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992309414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18538","display_name":"Household waste","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275608","display_name":"Digestion (alchemy)","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765079695","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","issn_l":"2394-1073","issn":["2394-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journaljaeri.com:article/801","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journaljaeri.com/index.php/JAERI/article/view/801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765079695","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","issn_l":"2394-1073","issn":["2394-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2394-1073","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05728823v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05728823","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International, 2026, 27 (5), pp.321-333","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2026/v27i5801","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765079695","display_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","issn_l":"2394-1073","issn":["2394-1073"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.8409000039100647},{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214959474","https://openalex.org/W7214598838","https://openalex.org/W7164986912","https://openalex.org/W4414021814","https://openalex.org/W2303254716","https://openalex.org/W310807315","https://openalex.org/W2894093919","https://openalex.org/W2626192073","https://openalex.org/W2392230981","https://openalex.org/W4210425892"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Kitchen":[0,77,126],"food":[1],"waste":[2,38,78,127,177,205],"and":[3,17,33,39,43,73,79,103,121,124,128,141],"cow":[4,40,80,129,179,213],"dung":[5,41,81,130,180,214],"are":[6],"potential":[7,201],"feedstocks":[8,42,131,192],"for":[9],"anaerobic":[10,48],"digestion,":[11],"but":[12],"their":[13,22,184],"comparative":[14],"physicochemical":[15,197],"characteristics":[16],"the":[18,31,45,51,59,71,200],"nutrient":[19],"properties":[20,35,181],"of":[21,36,47,203],"resulting":[23],"bio-slurries":[24,152,194],"require":[25],"direct":[26],"evaluation.":[27],"This":[28],"study":[29,55],"determined":[30],"physical":[32,102],"chemical":[34,104],"kitchen":[37,176,204],"assessed":[44],"effects":[46],"digestion":[49,171],"on":[50],"corresponding":[52],"bio-slurries.":[53],"The":[54,187],"was":[56,93],"conducted":[57],"at":[58,97],"Pwani":[60],"University":[61],"Integrated":[62],"Biogas":[63],"Research":[64],"Unit":[65],"in":[66,85],"Kilifi":[67],"County,":[68],"Kenya,":[69],"during":[70],"2021/2022":[72],"2022/2023":[74],"growing":[75],"seasons.":[76],"were":[82,106,153],"digested":[83],"separately":[84],"a":[86,98,133],"Flexi":[87],"biogas":[88],"system":[89],"after":[90],"each":[91],"feedstock":[92,211],"mixed":[94],"with":[95,160,195],"water":[96],"1:1":[99],"ratio.":[100],"Seventeen":[101],"parameters":[105],"evaluated,":[107],"including":[108],"bulk":[109],"density,":[110],"dry":[111],"matter,":[112],"moisture":[113],"content,":[114],"pH,":[115],"ammonium,":[116],"nitrate,":[117],"bicarbonate,":[118],"electrical":[119],"conductivity,":[120],"exchangeable":[122],"macro-":[123],"micronutrients.":[125],"showed":[132],"very":[134],"strong":[135],"positive":[136],"correlation":[137],"(r":[138,157],"=":[139,146,149,158,165,168],"0.999977)":[140],"no":[142,161],"significant":[143,162],"difference":[144,163],"(t(16)":[145,164],"1.0155,":[147],"p":[148,167],"0.325).":[150],"Their":[151],"similarly":[154],"strongly":[155],"correlated":[156],"0.999983),":[159],"1.0288,":[166],"0.319).":[169],"Anaerobic":[170],"did":[172],"not":[173],"significantly":[174],"alter":[175],"or":[178,209],"relative":[182],"to":[183],"raw":[185],"feedstocks.":[186],"findings":[188],"indicate":[189],"that":[190],"both":[191],"produced":[193],"comparable":[196],"characteristics,":[198],"supporting":[199],"use":[202],"as":[206],"an":[207],"alternative":[208],"complementary":[210],"where":[212],"is":[215],"limited.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}