{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204226543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","title":"Small Models, Big Budgets: Open LLMs for Aligning Public Finance with the SDGs","display_name":"Small Models, Big Budgets: Open LLMs for Aligning Public Finance with the SDGs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204226543","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7343819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014993912","display_name":"Omar A. Guerrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4039-1811","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4039-1811"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omar A Guerrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4039-1811","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099028316","display_name":"Luis Palacios","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107145371","display_name":"United Nations Development Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/051777d98","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107145371","https://openalex.org/I1286959531","https://openalex.org/I2801247003"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis A. Palacios","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Nations Development Programme"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Nations Development Programme","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107145371"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086593470","display_name":"Daniele Guariso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3723-7573","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3723-7573"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111827","display_name":"CMCC Foundation - Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change","ror":"https://ror.org/01tf11a61","country_code":"IT","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Guariso","raw_affiliation_strings":["CMCC Foundation \u2013 Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change, Lecce, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CMCC Foundation \u2013 Euro-Mediterranean Centre on Climate Change, Lecce, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014993912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.5116999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.5116999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.17139999568462372,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.10019999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-language-models","display_name":"small language models","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-development-goals","display_name":"Sustainable Development Goals","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-financial-management","display_name":"public financial management","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-selection","display_name":"model selection","score":0.6470000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-estimation","display_name":"uncertainty estimation","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qwen3","display_name":"Qwen3","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.6449000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178283979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274490","display_name":"Public finance","level":2,"score":0.5364000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4756999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3702000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8505890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605095","display_name":"Budget constraint","level":2,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140331021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1868104","display_name":"Logit","level":2,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.3140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777234743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257739","display_name":"Public expenditure","level":3,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.3082999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162222271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92779871","display_name":"Public good","level":2,"score":0.27399998903274536}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7343819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2139/ssrn.7343819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7343819","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172589","display_name":"SSRN Electronic Journal","issn_l":"1556-5068","issn":["1556-5068"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1318003438","host_organization_name":"RELX Group (Netherlands)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1318003438"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5217000246047974,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387120445","https://openalex.org/W7026723788","https://openalex.org/W4399372577","https://openalex.org/W7160908026","https://openalex.org/W7221576438","https://openalex.org/W4412448244","https://openalex.org/W4401306621","https://openalex.org/W4392222527","https://openalex.org/W4405521994","https://openalex.org/W7214276654"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-27T00:00:00"}