{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204207254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","title":"Climate-smart agriculture using IoT-enabled machine learning for crop recommendation","display_name":"Climate-smart agriculture using IoT-enabled machine learning for crop recommendation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204207254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764637833","display_name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","issn_l":"2331-1932","issn":["2331-1932"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Food &amp; Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123774645","display_name":"Murthy M","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268608","display_name":"Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4k6h92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murthy M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design & Technology), Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design & Technology), Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553","https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148081740","display_name":"Krishna Priya G.","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268608","display_name":"Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4k6h92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krishna Priya G.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553","https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136161980","display_name":"Ankita Anand Kumar Hurukadli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268608","display_name":"Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4k6h92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankita Anand Kumar Hurukadli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553","https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136128978","display_name":"Tharun Singh Kandari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1333540553","display_name":"Nitte University","ror":"https://ror.org/029nydt37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405268608","display_name":"Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01h4k6h92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tharun Singh Kandari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Nitte (Deemed to be University), Nitte University Campus","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1333540553","https://openalex.org/I4405268608"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136167214","display_name":"Manjunath Shetty","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manjunath Shetty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065406450","display_name":"Saraswati Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-288X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-288X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saraswati Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4515-288X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065406450"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64625474,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-recommendation","display_name":"crop recommendation","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-smart-agriculture","display_name":"climate-smart agriculture","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"precision agriculture","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-nutrient-monitoring","display_name":"soil nutrient monitoring","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/npk-sensors","display_name":"NPK sensors","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arduino","display_name":"Arduino","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-api","display_name":"weather API","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"random forest","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"support vector machine","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-boosting","display_name":"gradient boosting","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"decision support system","score":0.42899999022483826}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.6317999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.51419997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.492900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989409935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Crop production","level":3,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3352999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988270110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17080711","display_name":"Crop management","level":3,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128383755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3816336","display_name":"Agricultural productivity","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991680293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Crop cultivation","level":3,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.26260000467300415}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764637833","display_name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","issn_l":"2331-1932","issn":["2331-1932"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Food &amp; Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fe21d969a459433683ba5bad70d06621","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fe21d969a459433683ba5bad70d06621","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture, Vol 12, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311932.2026.2717436?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764637833","display_name":"Cogent Food & Agriculture","issn_l":"2331-1932","issn":["2331-1932"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311767","host_organization_name":"Cogent OA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cogent OA"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cogent Food &amp; Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.991100013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"score":0.428600013256073,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.47320833802223206,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"},{"score":0.44048506021499634,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204207254.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204207254.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2919015746","https://openalex.org/W3127719187","https://openalex.org/W3172350297","https://openalex.org/W4212990631","https://openalex.org/W4280651715","https://openalex.org/W4293077762","https://openalex.org/W4324057917","https://openalex.org/W4365143143","https://openalex.org/W4385625566","https://openalex.org/W4388948690","https://openalex.org/W4390738897","https://openalex.org/W4391255929","https://openalex.org/W4401284205","https://openalex.org/W4402298371","https://openalex.org/W4405455072","https://openalex.org/W4412658206","https://openalex.org/W4412747929","https://openalex.org/W4414806515","https://openalex.org/W4416901583","https://openalex.org/W7119485804"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Precision":[0],"agriculture":[1],"has":[2,87],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,81],"a":[5,28,41,57],"potent":[6],"strategy":[7],"for":[8,43,153],"enhancing":[9],"agricultural":[10,23],"yield":[11],"via":[12,62],"sophisticated":[13],"decision-support":[14],"systems.":[15],"Nonetheless,":[16],"understanding":[17],"soil":[18,48],"and":[19,83,128],"environmental":[20],"factors":[21],"improves":[22],"planning.":[24],"This":[25],"research":[26],"established":[27],"crop":[29,154],"recommendation":[30],"system":[31,86],"utilizing":[32],"an":[33,63,92,114,144],"Internet":[34],"of":[35,96,116,147],"Things":[36],"(IoT)":[37],"methodology,":[38],"accompanied":[39],"by":[40],"feature":[42],"data":[44,50],"extraction.":[45],"The":[46,85,107],"necessary":[47],"nutrient":[49],"(N,":[51],"P,":[52],"K)":[53],"was":[54,140],"obtained":[55],"using":[56,113],"commercial":[58],"NPK":[59],"sensor":[60],"connected":[61],"Arduino":[64],"UNO":[65],"(RS-485).":[66],"Climatic":[67],"Application":[68],"Programming":[69],"Interfaces,":[70],"also":[71],"called":[72],"APIs,":[73],"are":[74],"utilized":[75],"to":[76,90,102],"retrieve":[77],"atmospheric":[78],"variables":[79],"such":[80],"temperature":[82],"humidity.":[84],"been":[88],"designed":[89],"compute":[91],"annual":[93],"average":[94],"instead":[95],"aggregating":[97],"brief":[98],"measurements,":[99],"enabling":[100],"it":[101,151],"concentrate":[103],"on":[104],"climatological":[105],"information.":[106],"gathered":[108],"dataset":[109],"is":[110],"subsequently":[111],"analyzed":[112],"array":[115],"machine":[117],"learning":[118],"methodologies":[119],"including":[120],"K-Nearest":[121],"Neighbors,":[122],"Support":[123],"Vector":[124],"Machines,":[125],"Random":[126,141],"Forest":[127],"Gradient":[129],"Boosting.":[130],"Among":[131],"all":[132],"the":[133,136],"assessed":[134],"models,":[135],"most":[137],"effective":[138],"method":[139],"Forest,":[142],"with":[143],"experimental":[145],"accuracy":[146],"99%,":[148],"thus":[149],"rendering":[150],"appropriate":[152],"forecasting.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}
