{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204198629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","title":"Associations among self-awareness, perspective taking, prosocial behavior, and attitudes toward persons with disabilities among high school students without disabilities: differences by inclusive physical education participation","display_name":"Associations among self-awareness, perspective taking, prosocial behavior, and attitudes toward persons with disabilities among high school students without disabilities: differences by inclusive physical education participation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204198629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114852875","display_name":"Jeong-Hwan Jeong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeong-Hwan Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academic Affairs Office, Pyongwon Middle School"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academic Affairs Office, Pyongwon Middle School","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671815","display_name":"Kyung\u2010Jin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0375-2561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0375-2561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I81417347","display_name":"Korea National Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/02fywdp72","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I81417347"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyung-Jin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Adapted Physical Education, Korea National Sport University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Adapted Physical Education, Korea National Sport University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I81417347"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2353},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70612945,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12948","display_name":"Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11003","display_name":"Disability Rights and Representation","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-awareness","display_name":"self-awareness","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective-taking","display_name":"perspective taking","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prosocial-behavior","display_name":"prosocial behavior","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attitudes-toward-disability","display_name":"attitudes toward disability","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-physical-education","display_name":"inclusive physical education","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-education","display_name":"inclusive education","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acceptance-of-disability","display_name":"acceptance of disability","score":0.8709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158608086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2990613","display_name":"Prosocial behavior","level":2,"score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.7958999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.6182000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.607699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.5723999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780342009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387795","display_name":"Perspective-taking","level":3,"score":0.5562999844551086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4032000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110379092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571836","display_name":"Social environment","level":2,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76188268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783165","display_name":"Context effect","level":3,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86658582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432778","display_name":"Social cognition","level":3,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779625216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1179623","display_name":"Physical disability","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b9f2e2816f914d01b1cdb56cc28a774c","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b9f2e2816f914d01b1cdb56cc28a774c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education, Vol 11 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/education/articles/10.3389/feduc.2026.1906198/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2596526815","display_name":"Frontiers in Education","issn_l":"2504-284X","issn":["2504-284X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8025264143943787,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204198629.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204198629.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W798205818","https://openalex.org/W1569593771","https://openalex.org/W1966744380","https://openalex.org/W1979010353","https://openalex.org/W1980083892","https://openalex.org/W2006763260","https://openalex.org/W2010836057","https://openalex.org/W2017058390","https://openalex.org/W2019449633","https://openalex.org/W2035207251","https://openalex.org/W2042467386","https://openalex.org/W2061690620","https://openalex.org/W2071666535","https://openalex.org/W2076772678","https://openalex.org/W2093456088","https://openalex.org/W2097143505","https://openalex.org/W2102102516","https://openalex.org/W2104150175","https://openalex.org/W2122912498","https://openalex.org/W2129568816","https://openalex.org/W2130439183","https://openalex.org/W2165155944","https://openalex.org/W2168621715","https://openalex.org/W2170674625","https://openalex.org/W2185323152","https://openalex.org/W2235215120","https://openalex.org/W2491449739","https://openalex.org/W2791710812","https://openalex.org/W2953180703","https://openalex.org/W3044291841","https://openalex.org/W3049594379","https://openalex.org/W3136991991","https://openalex.org/W4210815494","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4247442712","https://openalex.org/W4281740749","https://openalex.org/W4288535221","https://openalex.org/W4311418716","https://openalex.org/W4312190172","https://openalex.org/W4316095862","https://openalex.org/W4321497633","https://openalex.org/W4388974150"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"The":[1,65,115,147],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,32,217],"this":[4],"study":[5],"was":[6,46,79,95,106,173],"to":[7,36,119,197],"examine":[8],"the":[9,30,130,143,192,209,215],"relationships":[10],"among":[11,23,164],"self-awareness,":[12],"perspective":[13,93,171],"taking,":[14],"prosocial":[15,84,104,153,178],"behavior,":[16],"and":[17,35,74,86,152,220],"attitudes":[18,87,110,159],"toward":[19,88,111,160],"persons":[20,89,112,161],"with":[21,48,82,90,99,109,113,158,162,177],"disabilities":[22,28,163],"high":[24,60],"school":[25,61],"students":[26,62,165],"without":[27,63,166],"within":[29,142,208,223],"context":[31],"inclusive":[33,41,224],"education,":[34],"explore":[37],"whether":[38],"participation":[39,120,144,198,210],"in":[40,50,121,129,191,199],"physical":[42],"education":[43],"(IPE)":[44],"classes":[45,123],"associated":[47,81,98,108,157,176],"differences":[49,128,188],"these":[51],"relationships.":[52],"Methods":[53],"Survey":[54],"data":[55,66],"were":[56,67,140,189,206],"collected":[57],"from":[58],"437":[59],"disabilities.":[64,114,167],"analyzed":[68],"using":[69],"structural":[70,132,194],"equation":[71],"modeling":[72],"(SEM)":[73],"multi-group":[75,116],"analysis.":[76],"Results":[77],"Self-awareness":[78],"positively":[80,107],"both":[83],"behavior":[85,105,154,179],"disabilities,":[91],"whereas":[92],"taking":[94,172],"not":[96,174],"significantly":[97,175],"either":[100],"variable.":[101],"In":[102,168],"addition,":[103],"analysis":[117],"according":[118,196],"IPE":[122,200],"indicated":[124],"no":[125,185],"statistically":[126,186],"significant":[127,187],"overall":[131,193],"model.":[133],"However,":[134],"relatively":[135,202],"stronger":[136],"positive":[137,203],"relationship":[138,204],"patterns":[139,205],"observed":[141,207],"group.":[145,211],"Conclusions":[146],"findings":[148,213],"suggest":[149],"that":[150],"self-awareness":[151],"may":[155],"be":[156],"contrast,":[169],"cognitive":[170],"or":[180],"disability":[181],"acceptance":[182],"attitudes.":[183],"Although":[184],"found":[190],"model":[195],"classes,":[201],"These":[212],"highlight":[214],"importance":[216],"social-emotional":[218],"characteristics":[219],"interaction":[221],"experiences":[222],"educational":[225],"environments.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}