{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204189643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","title":"Extending Computer Science to AI Literacy: The Case for Data Science Education","display_name":"Extending Computer Science to AI Literacy: The Case for Data Science Education","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204189643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065238618","display_name":"Joanna Schiffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-003X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-003X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Schiffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8959-003X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148101815","display_name":"Dana Elobaid","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dana Elobaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091523272","display_name":"Huifang Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-1999","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-1999"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huifang Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058775540","display_name":"Kelly Smalenberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-5068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-5068"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelly Smalenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012686018","display_name":"Jeanne Century","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-401X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-401X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeanne Century","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7644-401X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60615, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6821374,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"1369","last_page":"1369"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11875","display_name":"Statistics Education and Methodologies","score":0.004900000058114529,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14414","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Education","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-literacy","display_name":"AI literacy","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science-education","display_name":"data science education","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-12-computer-science-education","display_name":"K-12 computer science education","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-school-curricula","display_name":"high school curricula","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-literacy-framework","display_name":"AI literacy framework","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-preparation","display_name":"teacher preparation","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interdisciplinary-learning","display_name":"interdisciplinary learning","score":0.7210000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-engagement-with-ai","display_name":"critical engagement with AI","score":0.7770000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6207000017166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5856999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.38609999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65916561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7433452","display_name":"Science, technology, society and environment education","level":3,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780368719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157342","display_name":"Computational thinking","level":2,"score":0.38109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.3783000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77379859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2064596","display_name":"Scientific literacy","level":3,"score":0.3151000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95831776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16387","display_name":"Information science","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72568745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12812953","display_name":"Human-centered computing","level":3,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96427005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98442705","display_name":"Learning sciences","level":3,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779011557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16911265","display_name":"Curriculum development","level":3,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33857546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80006","display_name":"Computer programming","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36727532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861399","display_name":"Educational research","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16443162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068473","display_name":"Educational technology","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192531217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595868","display_name":"Computer literacy","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556297831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24885543","display_name":"Information and Computer Science","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779018934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129653","display_name":"Everyday life","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:515332e13b14419d813c9926b33d22a5","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/515332e13b14419d813c9926b33d22a5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 1369 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091369","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091369","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8942244648933411,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319794","display_name":"Valhalla Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/01v231v33"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965058023","https://openalex.org/W3006030984","https://openalex.org/W3029022390","https://openalex.org/W3138930548","https://openalex.org/W3212206269","https://openalex.org/W4243906228","https://openalex.org/W4321497260","https://openalex.org/W4382751226","https://openalex.org/W4387103191","https://openalex.org/W4409454078","https://openalex.org/W4410826036","https://openalex.org/W4414089960","https://openalex.org/W4415069314"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"artificial":[1],"intelligence":[2],"(AI)":[3],"becomes":[4],"increasingly":[5],"embedded":[6],"in":[7,87,92,115,137,169],"schools,":[8],"workplaces,":[9],"and":[10,29,42,54,58,98,113,117,130,144,172,181],"everyday":[11],"digital":[12],"systems,":[13],"K-12":[14],"computer":[15,95,155],"science":[16,69,96,100,111,124,152,156],"education":[17,70,157],"faces":[18],"a":[19,64],"growing":[20],"question:":[21],"how":[22,47,122],"should":[23],"students":[24,77,164],"be":[25],"taught":[26],"about":[27],"AI":[28,35,48,79,83,93],"prepared":[30],"to":[31,165,178],"engage":[32,179],"with":[33,183],"it?":[34],"literacy":[36],"frameworks":[37],"emphasize":[38],"competencies":[39],"beyond":[40],"programming":[41],"algorithmic":[43],"thinking,":[44],"including":[45],"understanding":[46,176],"systems":[49,84],"operate,":[50],"evaluating":[51],"their":[52,56],"outputs,":[53],"recognizing":[55],"limitations":[57],"ethical":[59],"implications.":[60],"This":[61],"article":[62,120],"develops":[63],"conceptual":[65],"argument":[66],"that":[67,150],"data":[68,99,110,123,151],"offers":[71],"an":[72],"important":[73],"pathway":[74],"for":[75,78,163],"preparing":[76],"because":[80],"many":[81],"contemporary":[82],"are":[85],"grounded":[86],"data.":[88],"Drawing":[89],"on":[90,107],"literature":[91],"literacy,":[94],"education,":[97,101],"as":[102,104],"well":[103],"our":[105],"research":[106],"high":[108],"school":[109],"curricula":[112],"implementation":[114],"Utah":[116],"Virginia,":[118],"this":[119],"examines":[121],"is":[125],"emerging":[126],"across":[127],"courses,":[128],"curricula,":[129],"state-level":[131],"initiatives.":[132],"The":[133],"analysis":[134],"highlights":[135],"variation":[136],"instructional":[138],"emphasis,":[139],"course":[140],"placement,":[141],"student":[142],"access,":[143],"teacher":[145],"preparation":[146],"needs.":[147],"It":[148],"argues":[149],"can":[153],"extend":[154],"by":[158],"creating":[159],"interdisciplinary,":[160],"data-centered":[161],"opportunities":[162],"encounter":[166],"computing":[167],"concepts":[168],"applied":[170],"contexts":[171],"develop":[173],"the":[174],"foundational":[175],"needed":[177],"critically":[180],"responsibly":[182],"AI.":[184]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-01T08:54:57.152042","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}