{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204184353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","title":"Career Anxiety and Career Decision-Making Difficulties Among Female Undergraduates in Four Non-Elite Chinese Universities: A Mixed-Methods Study","display_name":"Career Anxiety and Career Decision-Making Difficulties Among Female Undergraduates in Four Non-Elite Chinese Universities: A Mixed-Methods Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204184353","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42792279"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bs16091479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194710","display_name":"Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"2076-328X","issn":["2076-328X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiadan Pan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15062923","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147117","display_name":"Huaiyin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03xvggv44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147117"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiadan Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China","School of Education Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai\u2019an 223300, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Education Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai\u2019an 223300, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147117"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048089654","display_name":"Mu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-4837","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7417-4837"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15062923","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048089654"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15062923"],"apc_list":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"apc_paid":{"value":2200,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2654},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66033182,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"1479","last_page":"1479"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11779","display_name":"Higher Education and Employability","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14085","display_name":"Student Stress and Coping","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-anxiety","display_name":"career anxiety","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-decision-making-difficulties","display_name":"career decision-making difficulties","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-decision-self-efficacy","display_name":"career decision-making self-efficacy","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-undergraduates","display_name":"female undergraduates","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cognitive-career-theory","display_name":"social cognitive career theory","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomy-support","display_name":"autonomy support","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-fit","display_name":"contextual fit","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-college-students","display_name":"Chinese university students","score":0.6800000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.6488000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.5044999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5034999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C558461103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154430","display_name":"Anxiety","level":2,"score":0.5019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65414064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484105","display_name":"Autonomy","level":2,"score":0.48330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778087770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297111","display_name":"Social support","level":2,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.43939998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14564219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383646","display_name":"Social cognitive theory","level":2,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777545354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3557657","display_name":"Social anxiety","level":3,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777247013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038939","display_name":"Career development","level":2,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778638050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421252","display_name":"Explanatory model","level":2,"score":0.3310999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268696","display_name":"Qualitative analysis","level":3,"score":0.3034000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/bs16091479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194710","display_name":"Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"2076-328X","issn":["2076-328X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42792279","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42792279","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13603542","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13603542/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13603542/pdf/behavsci-16-01479.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Behav Sci (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:289ff71170dd48ddbda018662b5729ba","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/289ff71170dd48ddbda018662b5729ba","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Behavioral Sciences, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 1479 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/bs16091479","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16091479","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194710","display_name":"Behavioral Sciences","issn_l":"2076-328X","issn":["2076-328X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Behavioral Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8389229004","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2026KYCX028F","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324792","funder_display_name":"Tianjin Normal University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324792","display_name":"Tianjin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2td559"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336754","display_name":"Tianjin Research Innovation Project for Postgraduate Students","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W204443512","https://openalex.org/W1854807832","https://openalex.org/W1971765404","https://openalex.org/W1974562448","https://openalex.org/W1977035620","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1980540102","https://openalex.org/W1982813444","https://openalex.org/W1986674004","https://openalex.org/W1989216347","https://openalex.org/W1996179164","https://openalex.org/W2009007278","https://openalex.org/W2035286692","https://openalex.org/W2038141882","https://openalex.org/W2038515408","https://openalex.org/W2039653518","https://openalex.org/W2048467463","https://openalex.org/W2085028749","https://openalex.org/W2103608601","https://openalex.org/W2104057213","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2108442198","https://openalex.org/W2110380098","https://openalex.org/W2129660502","https://openalex.org/W2142999685","https://openalex.org/W2143114368","https://openalex.org/W2148962857","https://openalex.org/W2156702515","https://openalex.org/W2162437324","https://openalex.org/W2169672654","https://openalex.org/W2169690461","https://openalex.org/W2170224327","https://openalex.org/W2606578626","https://openalex.org/W2760887103","https://openalex.org/W2968445523","https://openalex.org/W3011822640","https://openalex.org/W3035048186","https://openalex.org/W3121217189","https://openalex.org/W3132898666","https://openalex.org/W3162946484","https://openalex.org/W4229017566","https://openalex.org/W4242883546","https://openalex.org/W4315796534","https://openalex.org/W4385410466","https://openalex.org/W4388420811","https://openalex.org/W4389830509","https://openalex.org/W4394754214","https://openalex.org/W4400037753","https://openalex.org/W4403128344","https://openalex.org/W4404150592","https://openalex.org/W4411965090","https://openalex.org/W4412697878"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Career":[0,56,110],"decision-making":[1,28],"difficulties":[2],"(CDDs)":[3],"among":[4,24,39,139],"female":[5,40],"undergraduates":[6,41],"are":[7],"associated":[8,114,119],"with":[9,93,104,115,120,122],"both":[10],"individual":[11],"psychological":[12],"processes":[13],"and":[14,37,66,81,89,117,131,158,201],"culturally":[15,202],"embedded":[16],"social":[17],"contexts.":[18],"This":[19],"study":[20,63],"examined":[21],"the":[22,127],"associations":[23],"career":[25,27,35,146,172,197],"anxiety,":[26],"self-efficacy":[29],"(CDSE),":[30],"perceived":[31,153],"frequency":[32,183],"of":[33,101,144,181,195],"parental":[34,145,163,171],"support,":[36,157],"CDD":[38,116],"from":[42,71],"four":[43],"purposively":[44],"selected":[45],"non-elite":[46],"universities":[47],"in":[48,179,186],"Jiangsu":[49],"Province,":[50],"China.":[51],"Guided":[52],"by":[53,98],"Social":[54],"Cognitive":[55],"Theory":[57],"(SCCT),":[58],"this":[59],"explanatory":[60],"sequential":[61],"mixed-methods":[62],"combined":[64],"quantitative":[65],"qualitative":[67],"approaches.":[68],"Quantitative":[69],"data":[70],"407":[72],"participants":[73,106],"were":[74],"analyzed":[75],"using":[76,107],"SPSS":[77],"27.0,":[78],"AMOS":[79],"26.0,":[80],"PROCESS":[82],"macro":[83],"4.1,":[84],"including":[85],"confirmatory":[86],"factor":[87],"analysis":[88,92,100],"conditional":[90],"process":[91],"5000":[94],"bootstrap":[95],"samples,":[96],"followed":[97],"thematic":[99],"semi-structured":[102],"interviews":[103],"12":[105],"NVivo":[108],"12.":[109],"anxiety":[111,130],"was":[112,137,165],"positively":[113],"negatively":[118],"CDSE,":[121],"CDSE":[123],"partially":[124],"accounting":[125],"for":[126],"association":[128,136],"between":[129],"decision":[132],"difficulties.":[133],"The":[134],"anxiety-CDD":[135],"stronger":[138],"students":[140],"reporting":[141],"higher":[142],"frequencies":[143],"support":[147,154,173],"behaviors.":[148],"Qualitative":[149],"findings":[150,168],"suggested":[151],"that":[152,170],"quality,":[155],"autonomy":[156],"contextual":[159],"fit":[160],"shaped":[161],"how":[162,189],"involvement":[164,190],"experienced.":[166],"These":[167],"suggest":[169],"should":[174],"be":[175],"understood":[176],"not":[177],"only":[178],"terms":[180],"behavioral":[182],"but":[184],"also":[185],"relation":[187],"to":[188],"is":[191,205],"experienced":[192],"under":[193],"conditions":[194],"heightened":[196],"anxiety.":[198],"Longitudinal,":[199],"dyadic,":[200],"diverse":[203],"research":[204],"needed.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}
