{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204179758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","title":"Development of the GERO-6, a Quantifiable Assessment of Spiritual Concerns of Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care","display_name":"Development of the GERO-6, a Quantifiable Assessment of Spiritual Concerns of Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204179758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42641500"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132839637","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","issn_l":"1525-8610","issn":["1525-8610","1538-9375"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067653880","display_name":"Sarah McEvoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-2498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-2498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sarah A. McEvoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: samcevoy@comcast.net"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0043-2498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: samcevoy@comcast.net","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148098180","display_name":"Tricia Bosma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tricia Bosma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Resthaven, Holland, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Resthaven, Holland, MI, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148126234","display_name":"Jacqueline Cook","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacqueline Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Messiah Lifeways, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Messiah Lifeways, Mechanicsburg, PA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148099599","display_name":"Durham Harris","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Durham Harris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Reverence Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Reverence Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134065094","display_name":"Sean Jarchow","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Jarchow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Resthaven, Holland, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Resthaven, Holland, MI, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154400493","display_name":"Sharon Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092811","display_name":"Edisto Island Historic Preservation Society","ror":"https://ror.org/00ep5zh10","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092811"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eastern Star Nursing Home, Edison, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eastern Star Nursing Home, Edison, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092811"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148114321","display_name":"Becky Mokos","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Becky Mokos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erickson Senior Living, Linden Ponds, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erickson Senior Living, Linden Ponds, MA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148067823","display_name":"Cherie Shaw","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cherie Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Havenwood Heritage Heights, Concord, NH, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Havenwood Heritage Heights, Concord, NH, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048387063","display_name":"George A. Fitchett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-8459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-8459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Fitchett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067653880"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"],"apc_list":{"value":4370,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4370},"apc_paid":{"value":4370,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4370},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69715395,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"10","first_page":"106437","last_page":"106437"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10509","display_name":"Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11376","display_name":"Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12393","display_name":"Workplace Spirituality and Leadership","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-assessment","display_name":"spiritual assessment","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-and-spiritual-needs","display_name":"religious and spiritual needs","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-care","display_name":"long-term care","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaplaincy","display_name":"chaplaincy","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-rater-reliability","display_name":"inter-rater reliability","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-concerns","display_name":"spiritual problems","score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/death-and-dying","display_name":"death and dying","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiritual-autonomy","display_name":"spiritual autonomy","score":0.44999998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legacy","display_name":"legacy","score":0.4690000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"identity","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/connections","display_name":"connections","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holistic-care","display_name":"holistic care","score":0.8180000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6888999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6377999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5001000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28718268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4118620","display_name":"Needs assessment","level":2,"score":0.4828999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.43059998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6672123","display_name":"Long-term care","level":2,"score":0.39969998598098755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018552312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315412","display_name":"Assisted living","level":2,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019887659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191089","display_name":"Older people","level":2,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909048080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712836","display_name":"Multiple Chronic Conditions","level":3,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79544238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423243","display_name":"Activities of daily living","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171606756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506132","display_name":"Psychometrics","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54183767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10384","display_name":"Geriatrics","level":2,"score":0.26080000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993611561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690807","display_name":"Patient assessment","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002977","descriptor_name":"Clergy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008134","descriptor_name":"Long-Term Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015203","descriptor_name":"Reproducibility of Results","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015577","descriptor_name":"Geriatric Assessment","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029181","descriptor_name":"Spirituality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132839637","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","issn_l":"1525-8610","issn":["1525-8610","1538-9375"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42641500","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42641500","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2026.106437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132839637","display_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","issn_l":"1525-8610","issn":["1525-8610","1538-9375"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8560000061988831}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1867676597","https://openalex.org/W2015103394","https://openalex.org/W2047362844","https://openalex.org/W2075714057","https://openalex.org/W2159768697","https://openalex.org/W2316088980","https://openalex.org/W2366504765","https://openalex.org/W2419524119","https://openalex.org/W2462453454","https://openalex.org/W2566683368","https://openalex.org/W2918668221","https://openalex.org/W2969371174","https://openalex.org/W2971760905","https://openalex.org/W3093249562","https://openalex.org/W3093324983","https://openalex.org/W3122556478","https://openalex.org/W3126026972","https://openalex.org/W3156237430","https://openalex.org/W3162983307","https://openalex.org/W3209173209","https://openalex.org/W4206906050","https://openalex.org/W4229049335","https://openalex.org/W4384924419","https://openalex.org/W4410494171","https://openalex.org/W7116917574","https://openalex.org/W7124765446"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"Caring":[1],"for":[2,46,50,75],"the":[3,25,29,68,76,98,112,127,133,147,162,165,176,209,227,236,252,260,277,282,287],"religious":[4],"and":[5,42,66,100,106,109,124,126,154,174,180,217,243,258,279,284],"spiritual":[6,47],"(R/S)":[7],"needs":[8,41],"of":[9,20,24,28,37,60,70,78,91,111,116,129,135,164,183,197,200,208,247,263,281,289],"older":[10,38,51,117,184,264,294],"adults":[11,52,185,265,295],"in":[12,53,81,146,161,187,266,293,297],"long-term":[13],"care":[14],"(LTC)":[15],"is":[16,31,273],"an":[17,71],"important":[18],"part":[19],"whole-person":[21],"care.":[22],"One":[23],"primary":[26],"roles":[27],"chaplain":[30],"to":[32,64,104,231,238,256,275,285],"complete":[33],"a":[34,89,171,221,224,240,244],"comprehensive":[35],"assessment":[36,48,77],"adults'":[39],"R/S":[40,79,114,178,202,218,261,291],"resources.":[43],"A":[44],"model":[45,74,210,237],"designed":[49],"LTC":[54,92,136,144],"does":[55],"not":[56],"exist.":[57],"The":[58,84,94,167,189,205],"aim":[59],"this":[61],"work":[62],"was":[63,86,229,249],"develop":[65,107],"test":[67],"reliability":[69,128,196,248,278],"evidence-based,":[72],"quantifiable":[73],"concerns":[80,115,262,292],"LTC.":[82,188,267,298],"DESIGN:":[83],"GERO-6":[85,228,253,283],"developed":[87],"by":[88],"team":[90,95],"chaplains.":[93,233],"relied":[96],"on":[97,193],"literature":[99,172],"their":[101,130],"clinical":[102],"expertise":[103],"identify":[105],"themes":[108,123,207],"descriptors":[110,125],"central":[113],"adults.":[118],"Team":[119],"members":[120],"refined":[121],"these":[122],"ratings":[131],"through":[132],"discussion":[134],"case":[137,241],"studies.":[138],"SETTING":[139],"AND":[140,269],"PARTICIPANTS:":[141],"Nine":[142],"experienced":[143],"chaplains":[145,255],"United":[148],"States":[149],"met":[150],"online":[151],"between":[152],"2024":[153],"2025.":[155],"METHODS:":[156],"There":[157],"were":[158],"3":[159],"phases":[160],"development":[163],"GERO-6.":[166],"first":[168],"2":[169],"included":[170],"review":[173],"identifying":[175],"key":[177,206],"issues":[179],"related":[181],"indicators":[182],"living":[186,296],"third":[190],"phase":[191],"focused":[192],"developing":[194],"inter-rater":[195],"chaplains'":[198],"assessments":[199],"residents'":[201],"concerns.":[203],"RESULTS:":[204],"include":[211],"Identity,":[212],"Legacy,":[213],"Connection,":[214],"Autonomy,":[215],"Death/Dying,":[216],"needs.":[219],"At":[220],"workshop":[222],"at":[223],"professional":[225],"conference,":[226],"introduced":[230],"26":[232],"They":[234],"used":[235],"score":[239],"study,":[242],"high":[245],"level":[246],"achieved.":[250],"Using":[251],"allows":[254],"assess":[257,286],"quantify":[259],"CONCLUSIONS":[268],"IMPLICATIONS:":[270],"Further":[271],"research":[272],"needed":[274],"determine":[276],"validity":[280],"prevalence":[288],"unmet":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-03T13:16:28.481748","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}
