{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204176515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681","title":"Impact of Urea on Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Different Tissues and Histopathological Effects on Vital Organs of Channa punctatus: A Comprehensive Study","display_name":"Impact of Urea on Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Different Tissues and Histopathological Effects on Vital Organs of Channa punctatus: A Comprehensive Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204176515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1134/s2079086425601681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764592629","display_name":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","issn_l":"2079-0864","issn":["2079-0864","2079-0872"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148162010","display_name":"Diyashree Das","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258270","display_name":"B. Borooah College","ror":"https://ror.org/00d18z302","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diyashree Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148151642","display_name":"Chirantan Bora","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258270","display_name":"B. Borooah College","ror":"https://ror.org/00d18z302","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chirantan Bora","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148134583","display_name":"Meghashree Borah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258270","display_name":"B. Borooah College","ror":"https://ror.org/00d18z302","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meghashree Borah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064150928","display_name":"Archana Borah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-2181","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-2181"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258270","display_name":"B. Borooah College","ror":"https://ror.org/00d18z302","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Archana Borah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1777-2181","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology, B. Borooah College, 781007, Guwahati, Assam, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064150928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258270"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"4","first_page":"648","last_page":"654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10506","display_name":"Aquaculture disease management and microbiota","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11505","display_name":"Reproductive biology and impacts on aquatic species","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1314","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urea-toxicity","display_name":"urea toxicity","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channa-punctata","display_name":"Channa punctatus","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-phosphatase","display_name":"alkaline phosphatase","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fish-histopathology","display_name":"fish histopathology","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-histopathology","display_name":"liver histopathology","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gill-histopathology","display_name":"gill histopathology","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-cell-count","display_name":"blood cell count","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-content","display_name":"protein content","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-pollution","display_name":"water pollution","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chloride-cells","display_name":"chloride cells","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatocyte-degeneration","display_name":"hepatocyte degeneration","score":0.7760000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8701000213623047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161153951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132390","display_name":"Gill","level":3,"score":0.8051000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48318","display_name":"Urea","level":2,"score":0.7922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160160445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24769688","display_name":"Alkaline phosphatase","level":3,"score":0.6887000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158278297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1756633","display_name":"Aquatic animal","level":3,"score":0.5374000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.3813000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.3440999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1072742","display_name":"Freshwater fish","level":3,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28212737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5381543","display_name":"Enzyme assay","level":3,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778176769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764079","display_name":"Blood urea nitrogen","level":3,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909590148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764079","display_name":"Serum urea","level":3,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780541033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432392","display_name":"Serum chloride","level":3,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16685009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335057","display_name":"Andrology","level":1,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776382133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4087","display_name":"Ammonia","level":2,"score":0.25279998779296875}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1134/s2079086425601681","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086425601681","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764592629","display_name":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","issn_l":"2079-0864","issn":["2079-0864","2079-0872"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology Bulletin Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043544053","https://openalex.org/W2079933355","https://openalex.org/W2089894319","https://openalex.org/W2101791894","https://openalex.org/W2128635872","https://openalex.org/W4220771497","https://openalex.org/W4406296464"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991035787","https://openalex.org/W4406296464","https://openalex.org/W4402897610","https://openalex.org/W3189747196","https://openalex.org/W2183736000","https://openalex.org/W1988524383","https://openalex.org/W4361290380","https://openalex.org/W7161034216","https://openalex.org/W4400015255","https://openalex.org/W1483802680"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Urea":[1],"is":[2,11],"most":[3],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"nitrogenous":[6],"fertilizer":[7],"in":[8,31,60,70,82,90,106,110,148],"agriculture,":[9],"which":[10],"susceptible":[12],"to":[13,47,67],"leaching":[14],"and":[15,19,55,96,141,168],"surface":[16],"runoff.":[17],"Fish":[18],"other":[20],"aquatic":[21,32,155],"organisms":[22],"may":[23],"be":[24,68,158],"affected":[25,51],"by":[26,40,160],"the":[27,52,83],"high":[28,84,97],"nitrogen":[29],"level":[30,57],"environment.":[33],"Therefore":[34],"an":[35],"attempt":[36],"has":[37],"been":[38],"made":[39],"taking":[41],"Channa":[42],"punctatus":[43],"as":[44,136],"model":[45],"organism":[46],"investigate":[48],"how":[49],"urea":[50,162],"vital":[53],"organs":[54],"enzyme":[56],"(alkaline":[58],"phosphatase)":[59],"fish.":[61],"Alkaline":[62],"phosphatise":[63],"activity":[64],"was":[65,92,108,146],"found":[66],"increase":[69,89],"treated":[71,86,99,111,149],"group":[72],"of":[73,114,122,125,133,143],"all":[74],"tissues":[75],"under":[76],"study":[77,152],"whereas":[78],"protein":[79],"content":[80],"decreased":[81],"dose":[85,98],"group.":[87,100,112,150],"Significant":[88],"WBC":[91],"observed":[93,147],"between":[94],"controlled":[95],"In":[101],"contrast":[102],"a":[103,165],"significant":[104],"decrease":[105],"RBC":[107],"recorded":[109],"Histopathology":[113],"liver":[115],"tissue":[116],"showed":[117],"degenerative":[118],"changes":[119],"viz":[120],"loss":[121],"cord":[123],"arrangement":[124],"hepatocytes,":[126],"melanomacrophage":[127],"aggregation,":[128],"pyknotic":[129],"nucleus.":[130],"Histological":[131],"abnormalities":[132],"gills":[134],"such":[135],"lamellae":[137,140],"fusion,":[138],"necrotic":[139],"proliferation":[142],"chloride":[144],"cell":[145],"This":[151],"proves":[153],"that":[154],"lives":[156],"can":[157],"threatened":[159],"unregulated":[161],"use.":[163],"Therefore,":[164],"regulatory":[166],"rules":[167],"mitigation":[169],"methods":[170],"are":[171],"required.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}
