{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204176462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","title":"\u201cWorld Literature\u201d and the Civilizational Consciousness of Meiji Buddhism: Ashizu Jitsuzen and Genuine Philosophy of Killing and Activating Freedom","display_name":"\u201cWorld Literature\u201d and the Civilizational Consciousness of Meiji Buddhism: Ashizu Jitsuzen and Genuine Philosophy of Killing and Activating Freedom","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204176462","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel17091002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5131710455","display_name":"Xiaoyao Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-4249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-4249"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21945476","display_name":"Shanghai Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01cxqmw89","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21945476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyao Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Humanities, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9176-4249","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Humanities, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21945476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5131710455"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21945476"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66473171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"9","first_page":"1002","last_page":"1002"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11563","display_name":"Indian and Buddhist Studies","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1212","display_name":"Religious studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13150","display_name":"Study and Philosophy of Religion","score":0.009399999864399433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11198","display_name":"Japanese History and Culture","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-literature","display_name":"world literature","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-religions","display_name":"world religions","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modernization-of-buddhism","display_name":"modernization of Buddhism","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/buddhist-scriptures","display_name":"Buddhist scriptures","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religion-and-civilization","display_name":"religion and civilization","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-shinto","display_name":"state Shinto","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christianity-in-japan","display_name":"Japanese Christianity","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-sphere","display_name":"public sphere","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-intellectual-history","display_name":"Japanese intellectual history","score":0.39399999380111694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.9301000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C531090456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3125096","display_name":"Meiji period","level":2,"score":0.6521999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5450999736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186720457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7087","display_name":"Consciousness","level":2,"score":0.5041000247001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.498199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95124753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686","display_name":"Environmental ethics","level":1,"score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4163999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146503098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376022","display_name":"Indian philosophy","level":2,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3386000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19233827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8707","display_name":"Meiji Restoration","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500621485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1001079","display_name":"Buddhist philosophy","level":3,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.3057999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779610281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17945","display_name":"Public sphere","level":3,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780764785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842333","display_name":"Western thought","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546175201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000976","display_name":"Buddhist studies","level":3,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130838757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6498273","display_name":"Westernization","level":3,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel17091002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:aed1d03d8fbe465c9bd8b71375bf5056","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/aed1d03d8fbe465c9bd8b71375bf5056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Religions, Vol 17, Iss 9, p 1002 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rel17091002","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rel17091002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184657","display_name":"Religions","issn_l":"2077-1444","issn":["2077-1444"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Religions","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5676067471504211}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W250278877","https://openalex.org/W4243242860","https://openalex.org/W4245431303","https://openalex.org/W4253997203","https://openalex.org/W4292358206","https://openalex.org/W4298288713","https://openalex.org/W4408058182"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Following":[0],"the":[1,13,18,23,40,49,65,80,83,91,116,121,134,149,194,202,223,226,231],"Meiji":[2,53,88,245],"Restoration,":[3],"Japanese":[4],"Buddhism":[5,93,119,182],"underwent":[6],"a":[7,254],"profound":[8],"transformation":[9],"as":[10,29,131,133,207],"it":[11,197],"confronted":[12],"rise":[14],"of":[15,20,25,42,52,64,70,82,118,129,139,145,152,161,173,179,204,215,230],"State":[16],"Shinto,":[17],"spread":[19],"Christianity,":[21],"and":[22,32,72,90,99,108,126,142,148,177,186,189,218,234],"emergence":[24],"modern":[26,84,123,235,257],"concepts":[27],"such":[28],"\u201creligion\u201d":[30],"\u201ccivilization\u201d":[31],"\u201cphilosophy\u201d.":[33],"Against":[34],"this":[35,37,205,241],"background,":[36],"paper":[38,77,156,242],"examines":[39,104],"concept":[41,66],"\u201cworld":[43,140,153,162],"literature\u201d":[44,141,163],"(sekai":[45],"bungaku":[46],"\u4e16\u754c\u6587\u5b66)":[47],"within":[48,120,253],"intellectual":[50],"context":[51],"Buddhism,":[54],"with":[55],"particular":[56],"attention":[57],"paid":[58],"to":[59,165,183,211,249],"Ashizu":[60,200],"Jitsuzen\u2019s":[61],"(1850\u20131921)":[62],"discussion":[63],"in":[67,87,95],"Genuine":[68],"Philosophy":[69],"Killing":[71],"Giving":[73],"Life":[74],"(1890).":[75],"The":[76],"first":[78],"explores":[79],"formation":[81],"religious":[85,106],"order":[86,128],"Japan":[89],"challenges":[92],"faced":[94],"redefining":[96],"its":[97],"social":[98],"cultural":[100],"legitimacy.":[101],"It":[102],"then":[103],"Ashizu\u2019s":[105,159],"thought":[107],"public":[109,124],"activities,":[110],"focusing":[111],"on":[112],"how":[113,244],"he":[114],"articulated":[115],"significance":[117],"emerging":[122,150],"sphere":[125],"global":[127,219,239],"knowledge,":[130,174],"well":[132],"relationship":[135],"between":[136,225],"his":[137],"notion":[138,160],"contemporary":[143],"discussions":[144],"religion,":[146],"civilization,":[147],"discourse":[151],"religions\u201d.":[154],"This":[155],"argues":[157],"that":[158,167,199],"sought":[164,248],"demonstrate":[166],"Buddhist":[168,209,232,246],"scriptures":[169],"possessed":[170],"systematic":[171],"structures":[172],"interpretive":[175],"methods,":[176],"mechanisms":[178],"transmission,":[180],"enabling":[181],"transcend":[184],"national":[185],"regional":[187],"boundaries":[188],"claim":[190],"universal":[191],"significance.":[192],"At":[193],"same":[195],"time,":[196],"shows":[198],"regarded":[201],"realization":[203],"potential":[206],"requiring":[208],"practitioners":[210],"develop":[212],"new":[213],"forms":[214],"learning,":[216],"practice,":[217],"propagation.":[220],"By":[221],"examining":[222],"tension":[224],"inherited":[227],"textual":[228],"resources":[229],"tradition":[233],"Buddhism\u2019s":[236,251],"efforts":[237],"toward":[238],"engagement,":[240],"reveals":[243],"thinkers":[247],"reconstruct":[250],"position":[252],"rapidly":[255],"changing":[256],"world":[258],"order.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}