{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204172323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","title":"Privacy\u2010preserving multi\u2010agent systems for human\u2010centred inclusive healthcare AI","display_name":"Privacy\u2010preserving multi\u2010agent systems for human\u2010centred inclusive healthcare AI","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204172323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aaai.70087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aaai.70087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163019073","display_name":"AI Magazine","issn_l":"0738-4602","issn":["0738-4602","2371-9621"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aaai.70087","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027525633","display_name":"Mufti Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-8348","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-8348"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mufti Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biosystems and Machines King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","SDAIA\u2010KFUPM Joint Research Center for AI King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2037-8348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Biosystems and Machines King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDAIA\u2010KFUPM Joint Research Center for AI King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059162333","display_name":"Noushath Shaffi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-8402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-8402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47818738","display_name":"Sultan Qaboos University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wq8zb47","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noushath Shaffi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science College of Science Sultan Qaboos University  Muscat Oman"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9243-8402","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science College of Science Sultan Qaboos University  Muscat Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057247142","display_name":"M. Shamim Kaiser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-5461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-5461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I46080048","display_name":"Jahangirnagar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ywb0864","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Shamim Kaiser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Technology Jahangirnagar University  Savar Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-5461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Technology Jahangirnagar University  Savar Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I46080048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076670747","display_name":"Muhammad Arifur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-0041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-0041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103434671","display_name":"American International University-Bangladesh","ror":"https://ror.org/02j8ga255","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["BD","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Arifur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","Department of Mathematics American International University \u2013 Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6774-0041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics American International University \u2013 Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101902414","display_name":"M. Mostafizur Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3788-1118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3788-1118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103434671","display_name":"American International University-Bangladesh","ror":"https://ror.org/02j8ga255","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["BD","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M Mostafizur Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","Department of Mathematics American International University \u2013 Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3788-1118","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics American International University \u2013 Bangladesh  Dhaka Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103434671"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001297836","display_name":"Vimbi Viswan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4065-4492","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4065-4492"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4403386702","display_name":"University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Suhar","ror":"https://ror.org/018g8cj68","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4403386702","https://openalex.org/I4405258755"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258755","display_name":"University of Technology and Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/0157tcg24","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258755"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vimbi Viswan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computing and Information Science University of Technology and Applied Sciences  Sohar Oman"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4065-4492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computing and Information Science University of Technology and Applied Sciences  Sohar Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4403386702","https://openalex.org/I4405258755"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057262772","display_name":"Tamanna Sharmeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-6239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-6239"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tamanna Sharmeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Europe Informatics srl  Padova Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-6239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Europe Informatics srl  Padova Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089469340","display_name":"Sweta Bhattacharya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-164X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-164X","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6150-7520"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sweta Bhattacharya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology Vellore Institute of Technology  Vellore India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6082-164X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology Vellore Institute of Technology  Vellore India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071090567","display_name":"Neelu Jyothi Ahuja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-0165","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-0165"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5847235","display_name":"University of Petroleum and Energy Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/04q2jes40","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5847235"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neelu Jyoti Ahuja","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science University of Petroleum and Energy Studies  Dehradun India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3380-0165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science University of Petroleum and Energy Studies  Dehradun India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5847235"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081009838","display_name":"Ay\u015fe \u00dclgen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-667X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-667X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayse Ulgen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-667X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043672014","display_name":"Imran Khan Niazi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-7224","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-7224"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I160722675","display_name":"New Zealand College of Chiropractic","ror":"https://ror.org/056y35868","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I160722675"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Khan Niazi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Chiropractic Research New Zealand College of Chiropractic  Auckland New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-7224","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Chiropractic Research New Zealand College of Chiropractic  Auckland New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I160722675"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029628860","display_name":"Kanad Ray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9324-2778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9324-2778"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405263076","display_name":"Amity University Jaipur","ror":"https://ror.org/027sha433","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I191972202","https://openalex.org/I4405263076"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kanad Ray","raw_affiliation_strings":["ACCBI Center Amity University Rajasthan  Jaipur India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9324-2778","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ACCBI Center Amity University Rajasthan  Jaipur India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405263076"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062211930","display_name":"Amir Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-082X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-082X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-8013"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amir Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","SDAIA\u2010KFUPM Joint Research Center for AI King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8080-082X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information and Computer Science Department King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SDAIA\u2010KFUPM Joint Research Center for AI King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022308505","display_name":"David Joseph Brown","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-7485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-7485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52590639","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-7485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science Nottingham Trent University  Nottingham UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52590639"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032971510","display_name":"Jason H. Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5015-1099","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5015-1099"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282927834","display_name":"Cedars-Sinai Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02pammg90","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jason H. Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computational Biomedicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5015-1099","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computational Biomedicine Cedars\u2010Sinai Medical Center  Los Angeles California USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282927834"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027525633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2400},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2400},"fwci":8.6214,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97728457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.8866999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.8866999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.03889999911189079,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.021900000050663948,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-systems","display_name":"multi-agent systems","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-protection","display_name":"privacy preservation","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-in-healthcare","display_name":"artificial intelligence in healthcare","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support","display_name":"clinical decision support","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-centered-ai","display_name":"human-centered AI","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/explainable-ai","display_name":"explainable AI","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stewardship","display_name":"data stewardship","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agent-based-architecture","display_name":"agent-based architecture","score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-persuasion","display_name":"algorithmic persuasion","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models-in-healthcare","display_name":"large language models in healthcare","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422321","display_name":"Blueprint","level":2,"score":0.6241000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6205000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.484499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.4361000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3305000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519536355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21021151","display_name":"Repurposing","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57041688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220644","display_name":"Service-oriented architecture","level":3,"score":0.3138999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110251889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569697","display_name":"Model checking","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/aaai.70087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aaai.70087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163019073","display_name":"AI Magazine","issn_l":"0738-4602","issn":["0738-4602","2371-9621"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/aaai.70087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aaai.70087","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/aaai.70087","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163019073","display_name":"AI Magazine","issn_l":"0738-4602","issn":["0738-4602","2371-9621"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320058","host_organization_name":"Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320058"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6224625660","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IN26020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","funder_display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311701","display_name":"Nottingham Trent University","ror":"https://ror.org/04xyxjd90"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322323","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204172323.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204172323.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1657704689","https://openalex.org/W3120726845","https://openalex.org/W3135145324","https://openalex.org/W4214860214","https://openalex.org/W4224243552","https://openalex.org/W4285301343","https://openalex.org/W4386142022","https://openalex.org/W4388634755","https://openalex.org/W4416043407","https://openalex.org/W4416597110","https://openalex.org/W7125929102","https://openalex.org/W7131288999","https://openalex.org/W7140287209","https://openalex.org/W7161734976"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7171983293","https://openalex.org/W7163886062","https://openalex.org/W4409036816","https://openalex.org/W4414648432","https://openalex.org/W7141093709","https://openalex.org/W7140175134","https://openalex.org/W7197017506","https://openalex.org/W7130827978","https://openalex.org/W7165129499","https://openalex.org/W7203681739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Healthcare":[1],"environments":[2],"present":[3],"uniquely":[4],"demanding":[5],"constraints":[6],"for":[7,79,125,195,232],"the":[8,21,36,66,105,131,143,177],"deployment":[9],"of":[10,16,23,39,108,133,154,228],"artificial":[11],"intelligence":[12],"(AI).":[13],"Clinical":[14],"decisions":[15],"significant":[17],"consequence":[18],"are":[19,60],"rarely":[20],"product":[22],"a":[24,115,134,150,221,225],"single":[25],"isolated":[26],"computation;":[27],"rather,":[28],"safe":[29],"and":[30,50,56,85,104,119,172,191,213,224],"effective":[31],"patient":[32],"care":[33],"relies":[34],"on":[35],"continuous":[37],"collaboration":[38,90],"distributed":[40,80],"entities,":[41],"including":[42,96],"clinicians,":[43],"hospital":[44],"networks,":[45],"laboratory":[46],"systems,":[47],"monitoring":[48],"devices,":[49],"patients":[51],"themselves.":[52],"As":[53],"generative":[54,197],"models":[55,59,71],"large":[57],"language":[58],"increasingly":[61],"deployed":[62],"in":[63,187,236],"clinical":[64,127,147],"settings,":[65],"transition":[67],"from":[68],"monolithic":[69],"AI":[70,137,148],"to":[72],"Multi\u2010Agent":[73],"Systems":[74],"(MAS)":[75],"offers":[76],"unprecedented":[77],"capabilities":[78],"monitoring,":[81],"coordinated":[82],"decision":[83,128],"support,":[84],"service":[86],"integration.":[87],"However,":[88],"multi\u2010agent":[89],"simultaneously":[91],"introduces":[92,114],"severe":[93],"novel":[94],"vulnerabilities,":[95],"topological":[97],"contamination,":[98],"privacy":[99],"leakage,":[100],"cascading":[101],"systemic":[102],"failures,":[103],"socio\u2010psychological":[106],"risks":[107],"undue":[109],"algorithmic":[110],"persuasion.":[111],"This":[112],"work":[113],"comprehensive,":[116],"privacy\u2010preserving,":[117],"explainable,":[118],"human\u2010centred":[120,214],"MAS":[121,192,235],"framework":[122,159,218],"explicitly":[123],"designed":[124],"collaborative":[126],"support.":[129],"Rejecting":[130],"paradigm":[132],"single,":[135],"omniscient":[136],"model":[138],"with":[139],"unrestricted":[140],"data":[141,202],"access,":[142],"proposed":[144],"architecture":[145],"operationalises":[146],"as":[149],"heavily":[151],"regulated":[152],"team":[153],"specialised,":[155],"interacting":[156],"agents.":[157,175],"The":[158],"defines":[160],"six":[161,182],"distinct":[162],"agent":[163],"classes:":[164],"Data":[165],"Stewardship,":[166],"Modality,":[167],"Explanation,":[168],"Consensus,":[169],"Safety":[170],"Monitor,":[171],"Clinician":[173],"Interface":[174],"Furthermore,":[176],"implementation":[178],"is":[179],"governed":[180],"by":[181],"foundational":[183],"design":[184,230],"principles":[185,231],"grounded":[186],"classic":[188],"Autonomous":[189],"Agents":[190],"theory,":[193],"adapted":[194],"modern":[196],"systems.":[198],"By":[199],"enforcing":[200],"minimum\u2010necessary":[201],"exchange,":[203],"verifiable":[204],"team\u2010level":[205],"explainability,":[206],"explicit":[207],"hierarchical":[208],"escalation,":[209],"secure":[210],"communication":[211],"topologies,":[212],"safety":[215],"protocols,":[216],"this":[217],"provides":[219],"both":[220],"domain\u2010grounded":[222],"blueprint":[223],"transferable":[226],"set":[227],"robust":[229],"deploying":[233],"trustworthy":[234],"high\u2010stakes":[237],"environments.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}