{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204164301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","title":"Comparative effectiveness and dose\u2013response relationship of exercise-based interventions for muscle mass in older women with sarcopenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","display_name":"Comparative effectiveness and dose\u2013response relationship of exercise-based interventions for muscle mass in older women with sarcopenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204164301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42712944","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13551731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027285173","display_name":"Xinyi Gou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9066-2635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9066-2635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87710204","display_name":"Beijing Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0k0x36","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyi Gou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139066571","display_name":"Junhui Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885383172","display_name":"National University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/00bw8d226","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhui Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885383172"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101282438","display_name":"Xinmiao Feng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87710204","display_name":"Beijing Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0k0x36","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmiao Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Wushu College, Beijing Sport University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Wushu College, Beijing Sport University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043976050","display_name":"Dongze Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-7007","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-7007","https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3095-5899"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongze Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sports Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148050132","display_name":"Qi Gao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87710204","display_name":"Beijing Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0k0x36","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qi Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148107633","display_name":"Bin Ruan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87710204","display_name":"Beijing Sport University","ror":"https://ror.org/03w0k0x36","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bin Ruan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5148050132","https://openalex.org/A5148107633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87710204"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1938860","last_page":"1938860"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10397","display_name":"Nutrition and Health in Aging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10441","display_name":"Muscle Physiology and Disorders","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11399","display_name":"Muscle metabolism and nutrition","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2916","display_name":"Nutrition and Dietetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sarcopenia","display_name":"sarcopenia","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/muscle-mass","display_name":"muscle mass","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-women","display_name":"older women","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-intervention","display_name":"exercise intervention","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-training","display_name":"resistance training","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerobic-exercise","display_name":"aerobic exercise","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balance-training","display_name":"balance training","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dietary-supplementation","display_name":"dietary supplementation","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-chinese-exercise","display_name":"traditional Chinese exercise","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dose-response-relationship","display_name":"dose-response relationship","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-dose","display_name":"exercise dose","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicomponent-exercise","display_name":"multicomponent exercise","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effect-modifiers","display_name":"effect modifiers","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-meta-regression","display_name":"network meta-regression","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/p-score","display_name":"P-score","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention-ranking","display_name":"intervention ranking","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-pharmacological-treatment","display_name":"non-pharmacological treatment","score":0.5830000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.7167999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121117317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4439221","display_name":"Credible interval","level":3,"score":0.6615999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.6026999950408936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95190672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815382","display_name":"Meta-analysis","level":2,"score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4683000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992343062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Muscle mass","level":2,"score":0.36890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162376815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2158281","display_name":"Frequentist inference","level":4,"score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2142611","display_name":"Relative risk","level":3,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2771230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4926699","display_name":"Blinding","level":3,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.25920000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13551731","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13551731/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13551731/pdf/fmed-13-1938860.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Med (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42712944","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42712944","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b9c14e4d0b004f9b99ad0743dff7feb4","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b9c14e4d0b004f9b99ad0743dff7feb4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1938860/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"},{"display_name":"Meta-Analysis","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/meta-analysis"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204164301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204164301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":123,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1309109","https://openalex.org/W81874089","https://openalex.org/W1495967812","https://openalex.org/W1584397506","https://openalex.org/W1797942609","https://openalex.org/W2001332897","https://openalex.org/W2001856156","https://openalex.org/W2022253315","https://openalex.org/W2049946444","https://openalex.org/W2053971478","https://openalex.org/W2055761541","https://openalex.org/W2057765075","https://openalex.org/W2065372338","https://openalex.org/W2074524235","https://openalex.org/W2084534703","https://openalex.org/W2085803274","https://openalex.org/W2091808438","https://openalex.org/W2093223772","https://openalex.org/W2102643047","https://openalex.org/W2105199683","https://openalex.org/W2111999709","https://openalex.org/W2119448420","https://openalex.org/W2135806783","https://openalex.org/W2144625636","https://openalex.org/W2162428016","https://openalex.org/W2402915236","https://openalex.org/W2511492152","https://openalex.org/W2517888039","https://openalex.org/W2531269403","https://openalex.org/W2552756863","https://openalex.org/W2579442275","https://openalex.org/W2587944230","https://openalex.org/W2588384253","https://openalex.org/W2611129915","https://openalex.org/W2614428059","https://openalex.org/W2728728116","https://openalex.org/W2762944893","https://openalex.org/W2774898273","https://openalex.org/W2805746696","https://openalex.org/W2807128280","https://openalex.org/W2897234820","https://openalex.org/W2898510867","https://openalex.org/W2900581188","https://openalex.org/W2901059465","https://openalex.org/W2902825479","https://openalex.org/W2903924174","https://openalex.org/W2930185787","https://openalex.org/W2935949587","https://openalex.org/W2940158243","https://openalex.org/W2957853461","https://openalex.org/W2961036073","https://openalex.org/W2970684805","https://openalex.org/W2974171230","https://openalex.org/W2981634288","https://openalex.org/W2999215393","https://openalex.org/W3005437800","https://openalex.org/W3012573689","https://openalex.org/W3023541386","https://openalex.org/W3026805737","https://openalex.org/W3046241697","https://openalex.org/W3109735199","https://openalex.org/W3139242843","https://openalex.org/W3146963173","https://openalex.org/W3164010259","https://openalex.org/W3176042879","https://openalex.org/W3194630535","https://openalex.org/W3202133882","https://openalex.org/W3206959502","https://openalex.org/W4200011717","https://openalex.org/W4205862874","https://openalex.org/W4282934126","https://openalex.org/W4283798139","https://openalex.org/W4285095426","https://openalex.org/W4293162149","https://openalex.org/W4303858990","https://openalex.org/W4304165690","https://openalex.org/W4308067429","https://openalex.org/W4309839063","https://openalex.org/W4318339131","https://openalex.org/W4322629656","https://openalex.org/W4323923461","https://openalex.org/W4324053795","https://openalex.org/W4327905495","https://openalex.org/W4381384785","https://openalex.org/W4382788280","https://openalex.org/W4385612917","https://openalex.org/W4386513765","https://openalex.org/W4389049693","https://openalex.org/W4396928077","https://openalex.org/W4398778222","https://openalex.org/W4402650493","https://openalex.org/W4403115392","https://openalex.org/W4404566692","https://openalex.org/W4404607064","https://openalex.org/W4405691436","https://openalex.org/W4406385701","https://openalex.org/W4408744532","https://openalex.org/W4409243398","https://openalex.org/W4409602913","https://openalex.org/W4410255407","https://openalex.org/W4410495152","https://openalex.org/W4410591565","https://openalex.org/W4411786121","https://openalex.org/W4411842027","https://openalex.org/W4412570265","https://openalex.org/W4413921787","https://openalex.org/W4413930046","https://openalex.org/W4414325915","https://openalex.org/W4415745617","https://openalex.org/W4415918124","https://openalex.org/W4415995311","https://openalex.org/W4416052316","https://openalex.org/W4416067870","https://openalex.org/W4417151476","https://openalex.org/W4417175763","https://openalex.org/W7124280443","https://openalex.org/W7125689519","https://openalex.org/W7126225572","https://openalex.org/W7143529203","https://openalex.org/W7152066065","https://openalex.org/W7160066175","https://openalex.org/W7161409297","https://openalex.org/W7161849663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4412570265","https://openalex.org/W4406385701","https://openalex.org/W4213260343","https://openalex.org/W7152066065","https://openalex.org/W7164912655","https://openalex.org/W2617764165","https://openalex.org/W4415234443","https://openalex.org/W4383484437","https://openalex.org/W2796487735","https://openalex.org/W4416052316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"Exercise":[1,283],"and":[2,19,37,51,87,98,121,172,189,200,223],"nutrition":[3],"are":[4],"the":[5,12,20,39,48,130,180,215,226,230,248,256],"principal":[6],"non-pharmacological":[7],"strategies":[8],"for":[9,166],"sarcopenia,":[10,276],"but":[11,208],"relative":[13],"effects":[14,91],"of":[15,45,73,251],"different":[16],"exercise":[17,119,202,267],"combinations":[18],"dose":[21,203,284,295],"required":[22],"to":[23,57,290],"improve":[24,269],"muscle":[25,155,270],"mass":[26,156,271],"in":[27,272],"older":[28,273],"women":[29,64,274],"remain":[30],"uncertain.":[31],"This":[32],"study":[33],"compared":[34,157],"exercise-based":[35],"interventions":[36,153],"examined":[38,110],"dose-response":[40],"relationship.":[41],"Methods":[42],"PubMed,":[43],"Web":[44],"Science,":[46],"Embase,":[47],"Cochrane":[49],"Library,":[50],"EBSCO":[52],"were":[53,104,142,204],"searched":[54],"from":[55],"inception":[56],"1":[58],"July":[59],"2026.":[60],"Eligible":[61],"trials":[62,138],"enrolled":[63],"aged":[65],"\u2265":[66],"60":[67],"years":[68],"female":[69,122],"with":[70,90,147,158,176,275,280],"sarcopenia.":[71],"Risk":[72],"bias":[74],"was":[75,145,164,221,259],"assessed":[76,129],"using":[77,106,133],"RoB":[78],"2.":[79],"A":[80,124],"frequentist":[81],"random-effects":[82],"network":[83,127],"meta-analysis":[84,128],"combined":[85,175,279],"direct":[86],"indirect":[88],"evidence,":[89],"expressed":[92],"as":[93,300],"standardized":[94],"mean":[95],"differences":[96],"(SMDs)":[97],"95%":[99,186,232,244],"confidence":[100],"intervals":[101],"(CIs).":[102],"Interventions":[103],"ranked":[105,190],"P-scores.":[107],"Network":[108],"meta-regression":[109],"control":[111],"condition,":[112,198],"age,":[113,199],"intervention":[114,216],"duration,":[115],"weekly":[116,118,201],"frequency,":[117],"dose,":[120],"proportion.":[123],"Bayesian":[125],"model-based":[126],"dose\u2013response":[131,219],"relationship":[132,220],"MET-min/week.":[134],"Results":[135],"Twenty-seven":[136],"controlled":[137],"involving":[139],"1,845":[140],"participants":[141],"included.":[143],"Heterogeneity":[144],"moderate,":[146],"no":[148,161],"significant":[149,162,205],"global":[150],"inconsistency.":[151],"Most":[152],"improved":[154],"control,":[159],"although":[160],"effect":[163,182,206],"detected":[165],"Chinese":[167],"traditional":[168],"exercise.":[169],"Resistance,":[170],"aerobic,":[171],"balance":[173],"training":[174],"nutritional":[177,281],"supplementation":[178],"produced":[179],"largest":[181],"(SMD":[183,241],"=":[184,195,242],"1.41,":[185],"CI":[187],"0.81\u20132.01)":[188],"first":[191,235],"(":[192],"P":[193],"-score":[194],"0.882).":[196],"Control":[197],"modifiers,":[207],"covariate":[209],"adjustment":[210],"did":[211],"not":[212],"materially":[213],"alter":[214],"rankings.":[217],"The":[218,293],"positive":[222],"nonlinear.":[224],"Within":[225],"central":[227],"evidence-supported":[228,301],"range,":[229],"lower":[231],"credible":[233],"limit":[234],"exceeded":[236],"zero":[237],"at":[238],"460":[239],"MET-min/week":[240],"0.19,":[243],"CrI":[245,262],"0.01\u20130.37).":[246],"At":[247],"upper":[249],"boundary":[250],"this":[252],"range":[253],"(1,144":[254],"MET-min/week),":[255],"predicted":[257],"SMD":[258],"1.38":[260],"(95%":[261],"1.08\u20131.61).":[263],"Conclusion":[264],"Resistance-based":[265],"multicomponent":[266],"may":[268],"particularly":[277],"when":[278],"supplementation.":[282],"should":[285,297],"be":[286,298],"increased":[287],"gradually":[288],"according":[289],"individual":[291],"tolerance.":[292],"reported":[294],"values":[296],"interpreted":[299],"estimates":[302],"rather":[303],"than":[304],"fixed":[305],"biological":[306],"thresholds":[307],"or":[308],"universally":[309],"optimal":[310],"prescriptions.":[311],"Systematic":[312],"review":[313],"registration":[314],"https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261449654":[315],",":[316],"identifier:":[317],"PROSPERO":[318],"(CRD420261449654).":[319]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-08-26T00:00:00"}