{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204149157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","title":"Adhesive bonding quality of cross-laminated timber made of thermally modified and unmodified wood","display_name":"Adhesive bonding quality of cross-laminated timber made of thermally modified and unmodified wood","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204149157","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61428987","display_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","issn_l":"0018-3768","issn":["0018-3768","1436-736X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029250729","display_name":"Abasali Masoumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-455X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-455X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abasali Masoumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9312-455X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067583068","display_name":"Brian Bond","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-8250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6712-8250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian H. Bond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047532695","display_name":"Daniel P. Hindman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3107-198X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3107-198X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel P. Hindman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147995618","display_name":"Audrey Zink Sharp","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Zink Sharp","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090347368","display_name":"William Nguegang Nkeuwa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Nguegang Nkeuwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","Engineered Wood, Application Engineering, Henkel Corporation, 2515 Meadowpine Blvd, Mississauga, ON, L5N 6C3, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 1650 Research Center Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineered Wood, Application Engineering, Henkel Corporation, 2515 Meadowpine Blvd, Mississauga, ON, L5N 6C3, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029250729"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"apc_paid":{"value":2590,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2590},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63475267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"84","issue":"5","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10484","display_name":"Wood Treatment and Properties","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10484","display_name":"Wood Treatment and Properties","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12665","display_name":"Bamboo properties and applications","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12105","display_name":"Hygrothermal properties of building materials","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-laminated-timber","display_name":"cross-laminated timber","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermally-modified-wood","display_name":"thermally modified wood","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive-bonding","display_name":"adhesive bonding","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bonding-pressure","display_name":"bonding pressure","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shear-strength","display_name":"shear strength","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive-penetration","display_name":"adhesive penetration","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adhesive-thickness","display_name":"adhesive thickness","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liriodendron-tulipifera","display_name":"Liriodendron tulipifera","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-damage","display_name":"cell damage","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68928338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131790","display_name":"Adhesive","level":3,"score":0.8841000199317932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.792900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96035792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43606218","display_name":"Shear (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504595227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317763","display_name":"Engineered wood","level":2,"score":0.5254999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779278059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352525","display_name":"Adhesive bonding","level":4,"score":0.5148000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127893833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492185","display_name":"Shear strength (soil)","level":3,"score":0.49939998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984173401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914535","display_name":"Bonding strength","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779123245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2070510","display_name":"Solid wood","level":3,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41151612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5280388","display_name":"Direct shear test","level":3,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22140971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7492174","display_name":"Shear force","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987875673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187939","display_name":"Manufacturing process","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83608634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252108","display_name":"Softwood","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159096172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2914535","display_name":"Bond strength","level":4,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193493375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1306232","display_name":"Penetration depth","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61428987","display_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","issn_l":"0018-3768","issn":["0018-3768","1436-736X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00107-026-02481-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61428987","display_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","issn_l":"0018-3768","issn":["0018-3768","1436-736X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Journal of Wood and Wood Products","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204149157.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204149157.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W94484209","https://openalex.org/W210781767","https://openalex.org/W1984233833","https://openalex.org/W2063286094","https://openalex.org/W2074996644","https://openalex.org/W2077363849","https://openalex.org/W2147579634","https://openalex.org/W2981856625","https://openalex.org/W3028462900","https://openalex.org/W3109324734","https://openalex.org/W3118396529","https://openalex.org/W3119371025","https://openalex.org/W4213052385","https://openalex.org/W4239655581","https://openalex.org/W4296356387","https://openalex.org/W4312123622","https://openalex.org/W4380899681","https://openalex.org/W4380905064","https://openalex.org/W4382394331","https://openalex.org/W4387810228","https://openalex.org/W4390704455","https://openalex.org/W4391279894","https://openalex.org/W4391966043","https://openalex.org/W4392385235","https://openalex.org/W4393386625","https://openalex.org/W4400269235"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Thermally":[1],"modified":[2,45,88],"wood":[3,46,107,198,204,257],"(TMW)":[4],"is":[5],"increasingly":[6],"considered":[7],"for":[8,42,127,316,332],"outer":[9],"laminations":[10],"in":[11,82,246,252],"cross-laminated":[12],"timber":[13],"(CLT),":[14],"but":[15],"its":[16],"adhesive":[17,54,80,112,262,281,319],"bonding":[18,55,65,124,314],"quality":[19,76],"under":[20,242],"varying":[21],"manufacturing":[22,40,129,330],"conditions":[23],"remains":[24,325],"poorly":[25],"understood":[26],"and":[27,71,89,106,115,120,141,147,165,322],"necessitates":[28],"further":[29],"investigation.":[30],"The":[31,93],"goal":[32],"of":[33,77,101,130,139,153,185,270,294],"this":[34],"research":[35],"was":[36,239],"to":[37,97,161,181,189,210,221,266,274,303],"optimize":[38],"the":[39,60,75,99,280,292,306,312],"process":[41],"incorporating":[43],"thermally":[44,87],"into":[47],"CLT,":[48],"with":[49,149,228,289],"a":[50,328],"particular":[51],"focus":[52],"on":[53,103],"performance.":[56],"To":[57],"achieve":[58],"this,":[59],"authors":[61],"evaluated":[62],"how":[63],"different":[64],"pressures":[66,218],"(0.21,":[67],"0.50,":[68],"0.70,":[69],"1.03,":[70],"1.40":[72,190,211,222,275],"MPa)":[73],"influence":[74],"1":[78],"C-PUR":[79],"bonds":[81],"CLT":[83,131,136],"panels":[84,132,151],"made":[85,152],"from":[86,219],"unmodified":[90,142,154,203,247],"yellow-poplar":[91],"(YP).":[92],"specific":[94],"objectives":[95],"were":[96,145,159],"quantify":[98],"effects":[100],"pressure":[102,125,250,278,315],"shear":[104,157,163,177,225,254,323],"strength":[105,164,226,324],"failure":[108,199],"percentage":[109],"(WFP);":[110],"characterize":[111],"line":[113,282],"thickness":[114,283],"penetration":[116,286,296,301,320],"behavior":[117],"through":[118],"microscopy;":[119],"identify":[121,308],"an":[122],"optimal":[123,313],"suitable":[126],"commercial-scale":[128],"containing":[133],"TMW.":[134],"Hybrid":[135],"panels,":[137],"consisting":[138],"TMW":[140,194,213],"YP":[143],"layers,":[144],"prepared":[146],"compared":[148],"control":[150],"wood.":[155],"Block":[156],"tests":[158],"conducted":[160],"measure":[162],"WFP,":[166],"while":[167,285],"microscopy":[168],"assessed":[169],"bondline":[170],"quality.":[171],"Unmodified":[172,256],"samples":[173],"exhibited":[174,214,259],"substantially":[175],"greater":[176,261],"strength,":[178],"approximately":[179,264],"1.5":[180],"2":[182],"times":[183,268],"that":[184,238,269],"TMW,":[186,271],"at":[187,217,272],"0.70":[188,273,309],"MPa.":[191,212,276],"In":[192],"contrast,":[193],"specimens":[195],"showed":[196],"predominantly":[197],"(90\u2013100%":[200],"WFP),":[201],"whereas":[202,299],"demonstrated":[205],"60\u201395%":[206],"WFP":[207,216],"across":[208],"0.21":[209],"100%":[215],"0.48":[220],"MPa;":[223],"however,":[224,288],"declined":[227],"increasing":[229],"pressure,":[230,291],"indicating":[231],"potential":[232],"pressure-related":[233],"cell":[234],"damage":[235],"or":[236],"collapse":[237],"not":[240],"evident":[241],"light":[243],"microscopy.":[244],"Conversely,":[245],"wood,":[248],"higher":[249],"resulted":[251],"increased":[253],"strength.":[255],"also":[258],"markedly":[260],"penetration,":[263],"5.4":[265],"5.6":[267],"As":[277],"increased,":[279],"decreased":[284],"increased;":[287],"rising":[290],"rate":[293],"maximum":[295],"growth":[297],"slowed,":[298],"effective":[300],"continued":[302],"rise.":[304],"Overall,":[305],"results":[307],"MPa":[310],"as":[311],"TMW-CLT,":[317],"where":[318],"stabilizes":[321],"maximized,":[326],"offering":[327],"clear":[329],"parameter":[331],"commercial":[333],"production.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T05:00:35.095934","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}
