{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204145166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","title":"An ESP32-Based Multi-Sensor Architecture for Smart Environmental Monitoring: Design and Functional Evaluation","display_name":"An ESP32-Based Multi-Sensor Architecture for Smart Environmental Monitoring: Design and Functional Evaluation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204145166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22074116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147994706","display_name":"Farhan Muhammad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Farhan, Muhammad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6531-2381","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5147994706"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13420","display_name":"Arduino and IoT Applications","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13420","display_name":"Arduino and IoT Applications","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.02539999969303608,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/esp32","display_name":"ESP32 microcontroller","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-monitoring","display_name":"environmental monitoring","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thingspeak","display_name":"ThingSpeak","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bme280-sensor","display_name":"BME280 sensor","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mq-135-gas-sensor","display_name":"MQ-135 gas sensor","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-moisture-sensing","display_name":"soil moisture sensing","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mems-microphone","display_name":"MEMS microphone","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-calibration","display_name":"sensor calibration","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-provenance","display_name":"data provenance","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-integration","display_name":"hardware integration","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.6499000191688538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6395000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5940999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5738999843597412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173018170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165678","display_name":"Microcontroller","level":2,"score":0.5077000260353088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.44269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3880999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.3817000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132868160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10322548","display_name":"MQTT","level":3,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98025372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477538","display_name":"Systems architecture","level":3,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780155792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1441983","display_name":"Redevelopment","level":2,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86338984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79708","display_name":"General Packet Radio Service","level":3,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137471899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11381","display_name":"Local area network","level":2,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40149104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5620977","display_name":"Factory (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22074116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22074117","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074117","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074117","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22074116","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22074116","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.46953293681144714}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,22,65,92],"design":[4],"and":[5,21,36,54,76,83,101],"functional":[6,89],"evaluation":[7],"of":[8,11,67],"an":[9,18,55],"Internet":[10],"Things":[12],"(IoT)":[13],"environmental-monitoring":[14],"architecture":[15,27],"based":[16],"on":[17],"ESP32":[19],"microcontroller":[20],"ThingSpeak":[23],"cloud":[24,84],"platform.":[25],"The":[26,61],"comprises":[28],"six":[29,93],"heterogeneous":[30],"sensing":[31,94],"subsystems:":[32],"BME280":[33],"temperature,":[34],"relative-humidity":[35],"barometric-pressure":[37],"sensing;":[38,42,46,49,53],"MQ-135":[39],"broad":[40],"gas-response":[41],"GP2Y1010AU0F":[43],"optical":[44],"dust":[45],"TSL2561":[47],"illuminance":[48],"YL-69":[50],"relative":[51],"soil-moisture":[52],"SPH0645LM4H":[56],"I2S":[57,77],"digital":[58],"MEMS":[59],"microphone.":[60],"engineering":[62],"contribution":[63],"is":[64],"development":[66],"a":[68],"common":[69],"sensing-to-cloud":[70],"workflow":[71],"spanning":[72],"I2C,":[73],"analogue-to-digital":[74],"conversion":[75],"acquisition,":[78],"local":[79],"processing,":[80],"Wi-Fi":[81],"connectivity":[82],"visualisation.":[85],"Experimental":[86],"records":[87],"demonstrate":[88],"acquisition":[90],"across":[91],"subsystems":[95],"while":[96],"also":[97],"identifying":[98],"calibration,":[99],"data-provenance":[100],"hardware-integration":[102],"limitations":[103],"that":[104],"must":[105],"be":[106],"addressed":[107],"before":[108],"reference-grade":[109],"deployment.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-07T09:51:55.459714","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}