{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204141602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","title":"Machine-Learning Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution for S11 and Bandwidth Optimization of a Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna","display_name":"Machine-Learning Surrogate-Assisted Differential Evolution for S11 and Bandwidth Optimization of a Reconfigurable Microstrip Patch Antenna","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204141602","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087460","display_name":"International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125379818","display_name":"Hassan El Hafiane","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240042149","display_name":"Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4shz64","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan El Hafiane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abdelmalek Essaadi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abdelmalek Essaadi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035429682","display_name":"Faouzi Rahmani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-786X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9469-786X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240042149","display_name":"Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4shz64","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faouzi Rahmani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abdelmalek Essaadi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abdelmalek Essaadi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111314055","display_name":"Said El Khaldi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240042149","display_name":"Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4shz64","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Said El Khaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abdelmalek Essaadi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abdelmalek Essaadi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022080951","display_name":"Abdelmoumen Kaabal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-3736","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8104-3736"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240042149","display_name":"Abdelmalek Essa\u00e2di University","ror":"https://ror.org/03c4shz64","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelmoumen Kaabal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Abdelmalek Essaadi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Abdelmalek Essaadi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240042149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.5932999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.5932999849319458,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.3495999872684479,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.0142000000923872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-based-optimization","display_name":"surrogate-based optimization","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differential-evolution","display_name":"differential evolution","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning-regression","display_name":"machine learning regression","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"multilayer perceptron","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-geometry-optimization","display_name":"antenna geometry optimization","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-optimization","display_name":"electromagnetic optimization","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5927000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170349913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13402882","display_name":"Microstrip antenna","level":3,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74750220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2662197","display_name":"Differential evolution","level":2,"score":0.5113000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639055","display_name":"Microstrip","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159238334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1419428","display_name":"Patch antenna","level":3,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.3424000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131369404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554278","display_name":"Reconfigurable antenna","level":5,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087460","display_name":"International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccsc71566.2026.11650591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407087460","display_name":"International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4943999946117401}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498436455","https://openalex.org/W1595159159","https://openalex.org/W1983916548","https://openalex.org/W2035312252","https://openalex.org/W2039240409","https://openalex.org/W2057327562","https://openalex.org/W2102148524","https://openalex.org/W2122111042","https://openalex.org/W2896384552","https://openalex.org/W2944485788","https://openalex.org/W3005800950","https://openalex.org/W4296170272","https://openalex.org/W4312191373","https://openalex.org/W4400762160","https://openalex.org/W4402639008","https://openalex.org/W4411468896","https://openalex.org/W4414609955","https://openalex.org/W7084091567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7204140649","https://openalex.org/W7202200551","https://openalex.org/W2912040469","https://openalex.org/W7215117326","https://openalex.org/W4392981176","https://openalex.org/W7136591798","https://openalex.org/W7167668551","https://openalex.org/W2329751309","https://openalex.org/W7221084275","https://openalex.org/W2754743398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Full-wave":[0],"electromagnetic":[1],"optimization":[2,31],"of":[3,32,60,108,148,168],"reconfigurable":[4,36],"microstrip":[5,37],"antennas":[6],"is":[7,47,64,117,136],"computationally":[8],"expensive,":[9],"since":[10],"each":[11],"candidate":[12],"geometry":[13,46],"requires":[14],"an":[15,139,165],"accurate":[16],"numerical":[17],"solver":[18],"evaluation.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"proposes":[22],"a":[23,33,105,129,144],"machine-learning":[24],"surrogateassisted":[25],"differential":[26,120],"evolution":[27,121],"framework":[28,179],"for":[29,40,79,184],"efficient":[30],"sub-6":[34],"GHz":[35,69,171],"patch":[38],"antenna":[39,45,62,163],"wireless":[41],"communication":[42],"applications.":[43],"The":[44,97,114,133,156,177],"characterized":[48],"by":[49],"four":[50],"parameters:$L,":[51],"L_{0},":[52],"W$,":[53],"and$W_{0}$.":[54],"A":[55],"CST":[56,141,157],"Studio":[57],"Suite":[58],"dataset":[59],"75":[61],"geometries":[63],"generated":[65],"over":[66],"the":[67,81,100,124,161,173,182],"4-7":[68],"frequency":[70],"range.":[71],"Six":[72],"regression":[73],"models":[74],"are":[75],"evaluated":[76],"as":[77],"surrogates":[78],"predicting":[80],"full$S_{11}$response,":[82],"namely":[83],"linear":[84],"regression,":[85],"k-nearest":[86],"neighbors,":[87],"random":[88],"forest,":[89],"gradient":[90],"boosting,":[91],"LightGBM,":[92],"and":[93,111,152],"multilayer":[94],"perceptron":[95],"(MLP).":[96],"MLP":[98],"achieves":[99,164],"best":[101],"prediction":[102,146,191],"accuracy,":[103],"with":[104,119],"validation":[106,158],"RMSE":[107],"0.4078":[109],"dB":[110,131,150,154,175],"an$R^{2}$of":[112],"0.9958.":[113],"selected":[115],"surrogate":[116,145],"integrated":[118],"to":[122],"maximize":[123],"contiguous":[125],"impedance":[126,166],"bandwidth":[127,167],"under":[128],"-12":[130],"threshold.":[132,176],"optimized":[134,162],"design":[135],"validated":[137],"using":[138],"independent":[140],"simulation,":[142],"yielding":[143],"error":[147],"0.32":[149],"MAE":[151],"0.51":[153],"RMSE.":[155],"confirms":[159],"that":[160],"approximately":[169],"1":[170],"at":[172],"-10":[174],"proposed":[178],"significantly":[180],"reduces":[181],"need":[183],"repeated":[185],"full-wave":[186],"simulations":[187],"while":[188],"maintaining":[189],"high":[190],"accuracy.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}
