{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204137293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","title":"Beyond mitotane: next-generation therapeutic landscapes in adrenocortical carcinoma","display_name":"Beyond mitotane: next-generation therapeutic landscapes in adrenocortical carcinoma","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204137293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42761969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1530/eo-26-0040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237842","display_name":"Endocrine Oncology","issn_l":"2634-4793","issn":["2634-4793"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319937","host_organization_name":"Bioscientifica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319937"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bioscientifica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Endocrine Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148024786","display_name":"Keya Kotecha","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149920","display_name":"William Harvey Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0574dzy90","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keya Kotecha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056547882","display_name":"Katia Mariniello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-1944","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4491-1944"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149920","display_name":"William Harvey Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0574dzy90","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katia Mariniello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103038900","display_name":"Leonardo Guasti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-6044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-6044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166337079","display_name":"Queen Mary University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/026zzn846","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149920","display_name":"William Harvey Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0574dzy90","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leonardo Guasti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-6044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166337079","https://openalex.org/I4210149920"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71459646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"e260040","last_page":"e260040"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11054","display_name":"Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11054","display_name":"Adrenal and Paraganglionic Tumors","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12421","display_name":"Adrenal Hormones and Disorders","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10449","display_name":"Renal cell carcinoma treatment","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrenocortical-carcinoma","display_name":"adrenocortical carcinoma","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitotane","display_name":"mitotane","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunotherapy","display_name":"immunotherapy","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-checkpoint-inhibitors","display_name":"immune checkpoint inhibitors","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunologically-privileged-sites","display_name":"immunologically privileged sites","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adrenal-cortex","display_name":"adrenal cortex","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibody-drug-conjugates","display_name":"antibody-drug conjugates","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor microenvironment","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-oncology","display_name":"precision oncology","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastatic-adrenal-cancer","display_name":"metastatic adrenal cancer","score":0.5419999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776735609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417465","display_name":"Mitotane","level":3,"score":0.6148999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6082000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781399356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918285","display_name":"Adrenocortical carcinoma","level":2,"score":0.5906000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.5891000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.5074999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.4708000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.45350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778239845","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q412415","display_name":"Cisplatin","level":3,"score":0.41260001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3691999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.36469998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779282312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956561","display_name":"Myeloid","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21705690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2907609","display_name":"CTLA-4","level":4,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16930687","display_name":"Therapeutic approach","level":3,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114851261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147416","display_name":"Drug resistance","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781230642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492646","display_name":"Targeted therapy","level":3,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777863537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357896","display_name":"Adjuvant","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780674031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2012719","display_name":"Cancer immunotherapy","level":4,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994294914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1645075","display_name":"Acquired resistance","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1530/eo-26-0040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237842","display_name":"Endocrine Oncology","issn_l":"2634-4793","issn":["2634-4793"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319937","host_organization_name":"Bioscientifica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319937"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bioscientifica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Endocrine Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42761969","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42761969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13588289","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13588289/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13588289/pdf/EO-26-0040.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Endocr Oncol","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1530/eo-26-0040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/eo-26-0040","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237842","display_name":"Endocrine Oncology","issn_l":"2634-4793","issn":["2634-4793"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","ki-jl-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319937","host_organization_name":"Bioscientifica","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319937"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Bioscientifica"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Endocrine Oncology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.98580002784729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5920270085334778,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315977","display_name":"Barts Charity","ror":"https://ror.org/0513pp416"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334626","display_name":"Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03x94j517"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498931318","https://openalex.org/W1967352082","https://openalex.org/W2075752480","https://openalex.org/W2098622295","https://openalex.org/W2107287100","https://openalex.org/W2166764299","https://openalex.org/W2755902041","https://openalex.org/W2777786283","https://openalex.org/W2796297473","https://openalex.org/W2883682970","https://openalex.org/W2897002925","https://openalex.org/W2904444972","https://openalex.org/W2909312563","https://openalex.org/W2933822072","https://openalex.org/W2955998383","https://openalex.org/W2974072238","https://openalex.org/W2981696991","https://openalex.org/W2990952445","https://openalex.org/W3031343722","https://openalex.org/W3036795720","https://openalex.org/W3133613539","https://openalex.org/W3140553245","https://openalex.org/W3202682694","https://openalex.org/W3204820407","https://openalex.org/W4292998485","https://openalex.org/W4306194612","https://openalex.org/W4361006688","https://openalex.org/W4362580516","https://openalex.org/W4378211932","https://openalex.org/W4402559990","https://openalex.org/W4403810670","https://openalex.org/W4404798630","https://openalex.org/W4406087878","https://openalex.org/W4408162119","https://openalex.org/W4411353301","https://openalex.org/W4411891388","https://openalex.org/W4413129051","https://openalex.org/W4414838803","https://openalex.org/W7122506572","https://openalex.org/W7127973642"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79],"clinical":[1],"management":[2],"of":[3,24,65,87,93,137,147,158,177,187],"adrenocortical":[4],"carcinoma":[5],"(ACC)":[6],"has":[7,41,52,75],"long":[8],"been":[9],"defined":[10],"by":[11],"its":[12],"resistance":[13],"to":[14,73,118,161],"conventional":[15],"therapies.":[16],"Since":[17],"the":[18,22,33,63,83,90,94,134,144,155,166,174,178,185],"FIRM-ACT":[19],"trial":[20],"established":[21],"combination":[23],"etoposide,":[25],"doxorubicin,":[26],"and":[27,59],"cisplatin":[28],"plus":[29],"mitotane":[30],"(EDP-M)":[31],"as":[32,143],"frontline":[34],"standard,":[35],"overall":[36],"survival":[37],"for":[38],"metastatic":[39],"patients":[40],"remained":[42],"stubbornly":[43],"low.":[44],"This":[45,104],"plateau":[46],"in":[47,70,82],"efficacy":[48],"with":[49],"cytotoxic":[50,148],"regimes":[51],"necessitated":[53],"a":[54,171],"shift":[55],"towards":[56,126,170],"precision":[57],"oncology":[58],"immunotherapy.":[60],"However,":[61],"translating":[62],"success":[64],"immune":[66,139],"checkpoint":[67],"inhibitors":[68],"seen":[69],"other":[71],"malignancies":[72],"ACC":[74],"proven":[76],"exceptionally":[77],"difficult.":[78],"primary":[80],"challenge":[81],"present":[84],"therapeutic":[85,188],"landscape":[86],"immunotherapy":[88],"is":[89,168],"unique":[91],"biology":[92],"adrenal":[95],"cortex,":[96],"which":[97],"creates":[98],"an":[99],"intrinsic":[100],"immunologically":[101],"privileged":[102],"site.":[103],"review":[105],"will":[106],"address":[107],"these":[108],"current":[109],"immunological":[110],"hurdles":[111],"but":[112],"also":[113],"explore":[114],"novel":[115],"strategies":[116],"designed":[117],"bypass":[119],"this":[120],"barrier":[121],"entirely.":[122],"By":[123],"shifting":[124],"focus":[125],"mechanisms":[127],"that":[128],"do":[129],"not":[130],"solely":[131],"rely":[132],"on":[133],"traditional":[135],"engagement":[136],"adaptive":[138],"system":[140],"-":[141,165],"such":[142],"targeted":[145],"delivery":[146],"payloads":[149],"via":[150],"antibody-drug":[151],"conjugates":[152],"(ADCs)":[153],"or":[154],"androgen-mediated":[156],"activation":[157],"myeloid":[159],"cells":[160],"clear":[162],"pro-tumoural":[163],"populations":[164],"field":[167],"moving":[169],"future":[172],"where":[173],"'cold'":[175],"nature":[176],"tumour":[179],"microenvironment":[180],"may":[181],"no":[182],"longer":[183],"dictate":[184],"limits":[186],"success.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}
