{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204135393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","title":"Interictal Single-Voxel Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Temporal Lobe in Cats with Idiopathic Epilepsy: A Prospective Case\u2013Control Study","display_name":"Interictal Single-Voxel Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Temporal Lobe in Cats with Idiopathic Epilepsy: A Prospective Case\u2013Control Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204135393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42797884","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13611795"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/vetsci13090848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737379694","display_name":"Veterinary Sciences","issn_l":"2306-7381","issn":["2306-7381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117448584","display_name":"Bertug Bekir Ciftci","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87673952","display_name":"Erciyes University","ror":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bertu\u011f Bekir \u00c7ift\u00e7i","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye","Istanbul Animal Hospital, 34779 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Animal Hospital, 34779 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000012039","display_name":"G\u00fcltekin Atalan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-5638","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2613-5638"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87673952","display_name":"Erciyes University","ror":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcltekin Atalan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Erciyes University, 38280 Kayseri, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007753347","display_name":"Mehmet Ulusan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I54515432","display_name":"Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/04xk0dc21","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I54515432"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Ulusan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030 Burdur, T\u00fcrkiye","Istanbul Animal Hospital, 34779 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 15030 Burdur, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54515432"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Animal Hospital, 34779 Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007753347"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I54515432"],"apc_list":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"apc_paid":{"value":2100,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2534},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63454588,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"848","last_page":"848"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.6230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.6230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.3197999894618988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12249","display_name":"Veterinary Orthopedics and Neurology","score":0.0414000004529953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3404","display_name":"Small Animals"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/34","display_name":"Veterinary"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-epilepsy","display_name":"idiopathic epilepsy","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feline-epilepsy","display_name":"feline epilepsy","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-lobe","display_name":"temporal lobe","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/n-acetylaspartate","display_name":"N-acetylaspartate","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/choline","display_name":"choline","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creatine","display_name":"creatine","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hippocampus","display_name":"hippocampus","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amygdala","display_name":"amygdala","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-timing","display_name":"seizure timing","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cats","display_name":"cats","score":0.6980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemispheric-asymmetry","display_name":"hemispheric lateralization","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-duration","display_name":"seizure duration","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seizure-frequency","display_name":"seizure frequency","score":0.48100000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779904517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5008900","display_name":"CATS","level":2,"score":0.9265000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17755696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16564780","display_name":"Ictal","level":3,"score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781099131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744385","display_name":"Temporal lobe","level":3,"score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.6146000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6014999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.44179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188816634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2113324","display_name":"Prospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3580999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777127467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749520","display_name":"Frontal lobe","level":2,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988005100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1979695","display_name":"Proton magnetic resonance","level":2,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10162356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135939","display_name":"Pathophysiology","level":2,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779896295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223600","display_name":"Creatine","level":2,"score":0.3142000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779281540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062122","display_name":"Central nervous system disease","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25306","display_name":"Carnivora","level":2,"score":0.2614000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148699463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3492668","display_name":"SSS*","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/vetsci13090848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737379694","display_name":"Veterinary Sciences","issn_l":"2306-7381","issn":["2306-7381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13611795","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13611795/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13611795/pdf/vetsci-13-00848.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Vet Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42797884","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42797884","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4420c1868c994a5cb328c62128a11dc2","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4420c1868c994a5cb328c62128a11dc2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 9, p 848 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/vetsci13090848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13090848","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737379694","display_name":"Veterinary Sciences","issn_l":"2306-7381","issn":["2306-7381"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Veterinary Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4484220407","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TDK-2023-13073","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321688","funder_display_name":"Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321688","display_name":"Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1941551863","https://openalex.org/W1963070153","https://openalex.org/W1971661532","https://openalex.org/W2006586927","https://openalex.org/W2031252943","https://openalex.org/W2045505698","https://openalex.org/W2088388877","https://openalex.org/W2102118295","https://openalex.org/W2118129131","https://openalex.org/W2121063409","https://openalex.org/W2133737268","https://openalex.org/W2604848556","https://openalex.org/W3087920190","https://openalex.org/W3187996052","https://openalex.org/W4236357753","https://openalex.org/W4284671023","https://openalex.org/W4386825842","https://openalex.org/W4388302415","https://openalex.org/W4400304776","https://openalex.org/W4410602834"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3087920190","https://openalex.org/W6963886899","https://openalex.org/W2005405939","https://openalex.org/W2064399477","https://openalex.org/W2520281547","https://openalex.org/W2615816650","https://openalex.org/W4284671023","https://openalex.org/W2114388028","https://openalex.org/W2064243125","https://openalex.org/W2059595319"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Idiopathic":[1],"epilepsy":[2,76],"(IE)":[3],"is":[4,18,284],"among":[5],"the":[6,99,115,159,186,194,197,297],"most":[7],"frequent":[8],"chronic":[9],"neurological":[10],"disorders":[11],"of":[12,299],"cats,":[13],"but":[14],"by":[15],"definition":[16],"it":[17],"associated":[19],"with":[20,43,53,60,74,149,193,209,247,280],"an":[21],"unremarkable":[22],"conventional":[23],"brain":[24],"MRI,":[25],"leaving":[26],"its":[27],"temporal":[28,37,161,255,263],"lobe":[29,38,162,256,264],"pathophysiology":[30],"poorly":[31],"characterised.":[32],"Objectives:":[33],"To":[34],"quantify":[35],"interictal":[36],"neurometabolite":[39],"ratios":[40,121],"in":[41,168,175,278,296,302,308],"cats":[42,73,81,170,208,246,279],"IE":[44,304],"using":[45],"bilateral":[46,83],"single-voxel":[47,84],"1H-MRS":[48,85,253,283],"and":[49,56,63,77,101,108,114,119,145,207,214,231,272,293,305],"to":[50,57],"compare":[51],"them":[52],"healthy":[54,79],"controls,":[55],"explore":[58],"relationships":[59],"seizure":[61,199,273],"timing":[62,184],"signalment.":[64],"Methods:":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"prospective":[68],"case\u2013control":[69],"study,":[70],"20":[71,78],"client-owned":[72],"idiopathic":[75],"control":[80],"underwent":[82],"(PRESS;":[86],"TE":[87],"135":[88],"ms;":[89],"10":[90,92,94],"\u00d7":[91,93],"mm":[95],"voxel":[96],"centred":[97],"on":[98],"mid-hippocampus":[100],"amygdala).":[102],"N-acetylaspartate":[103],"(NAA),":[104],"total":[105,109],"choline":[106],"(tCho),":[107],"creatine":[110],"(tCr)":[111],"were":[112,122],"quantified":[113],"NAA/tCr,":[116],"NAA/tCho,":[117],"tCho/tCr,":[118],"tCho/NAA":[120,234],"compared":[123],"(independent-samples":[124],"t-tests;":[125],"one-way":[126],"ANOVA;":[127],"Spearman":[128],"correlation;":[129],"\u03b1":[130],"=":[131,202,205,229,243],"0.05).":[132,182],"Results:":[133],"Overall,":[134],"no":[135,146],"metabolite":[136],"ratio":[137,147,164,266],"differed":[138],"significantly":[139,166],"between":[140,212],"groups":[141],"across":[142],"both":[143],"hemispheres,":[144],"correlated":[148,191],"age,":[150],"sex,":[151],"breed,":[152],"coat":[153],"length,":[154],"or":[155,269],"neutering":[156],"status.":[157],"However,":[158],"right":[160,262],"NAA/tCr":[163,265],"was":[165],"lower":[167,218],"epileptic":[169],"(1.32":[171],"\u00b1":[172,178,222,226,236,240],"0.29)":[173],"than":[174,245],"controls":[176],"(1.50":[177],"0.20;":[179],"p":[180,204,228,242],"<":[181],"Seizure":[183],"modulated":[185],"left-hemisphere":[187],"spectrum:":[188],"left":[189,219,233],"tCho/tCr":[190],"negatively":[192],"interval":[195],"since":[196],"last":[198,215],"(Spearman":[200],"r":[201],"\u22120.48;":[203],"0.035),":[206],"\u22643":[210],"days":[211],"first":[213],"seizures":[216],"showed":[217],"NAA/tCho":[220],"(0.89":[221],"0.23":[223],"vs.":[224,238],"1.14":[225],"0.24;":[227],"0.032)":[230],"higher":[232],"(1.21":[235],"0.40":[237],"0.91":[239],"0.17;":[241],"0.039)":[244],"a":[248,260,286],"longer":[249],"interval.":[250],"Conclusions:":[251],"Interictal":[252],"detects":[254],"metabolic":[257,270,300],"disturbances,":[258],"including":[259],"reduced":[261],"suggesting":[267],"neuronal":[268],"dysfunction":[271],"timing-dependent":[274],"membrane":[275],"turnover":[276],"shifts,":[277],"normal-appearing":[281],"MRI.":[282],"therefore":[285],"promising":[287],"non-invasive":[288],"adjunct":[289],"for":[290],"characterising,":[291],"monitoring,":[292],"potentially":[294],"assisting":[295],"localisation":[298],"abnormalities":[301],"feline":[303],"warrants":[306],"validation":[307],"larger,":[309],"longitudinally":[310],"sampled":[311],"cohorts.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}