{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204115269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","title":"Linguistic Diversity and Pedagogical Practices in Early Childhood and Primary Education: A Systematic Review of the Literature","display_name":"Linguistic Diversity and Pedagogical Practices in Early Childhood and Primary Education: A Systematic Review of the Literature","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204115269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088037010","display_name":"Rosienne Camilleri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-6576","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-6576"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rosienne Camilleri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5470-6576","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035341973","display_name":"Charmaine Bonello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-781X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-781X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charmaine Bonello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-781X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034737134","display_name":"Josephine Milton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-066X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-066X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josephine Milton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1976-066X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045573909","display_name":"Josephine Deguara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-229X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-229X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Josephine Deguara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4481-229X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039589717","display_name":"Tania Muscat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-6588","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1915-6588"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","display_name":"University of Malta","ror":"https://ror.org/03a62bv60","country_code":"MT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}],"countries":["MT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tania Muscat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Early Childhood and Primary Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Msida Campus, 2080 Msida, Malta","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088037010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2172},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25213675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"1362","last_page":"1362"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10265","display_name":"Multilingual Education and Policy","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12542","display_name":"Second Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-diversity","display_name":"linguistic diversity","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingualism","display_name":"multilingualism","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilingual-pedagogy","display_name":"multilingual pedagogy","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-childhood-education","display_name":"early childhood education","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-education","display_name":"primary education","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translanguaging","display_name":"translanguaging","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-scaffolding","display_name":"multimodal scaffolding","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/culturally-responsive-teaching","display_name":"culturally responsive teaching","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-agency","display_name":"student agency","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-identity","display_name":"student identity","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-well-being","display_name":"student well-being","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"formative assessment","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusive-assessment","display_name":"inclusive assessment","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-education","display_name":"teacher professional development","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-policy","display_name":"language policy","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monolingual-norms","display_name":"monolingual norms","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum-reform","display_name":"curriculum reform","score":0.5239999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.7875000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.7475000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777082460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3377398","display_name":"Early childhood","level":2,"score":0.6098999977111816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.6078000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178229462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472221","display_name":"Early childhood education","level":2,"score":0.5503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5281000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992249680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315","display_name":"Linguistic diversity","level":2,"score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780910867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952416","display_name":"Multimodality","level":2,"score":0.4530999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.42089998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556340858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334451","display_name":"Language policy","level":2,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776893095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428888","display_name":"Faculty development","level":3,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77243148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2918137","display_name":"Metalinguistics","level":4,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780805685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374230","display_name":"Teacher education","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167055898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321249","display_name":"Applied linguistics","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.um.edu.mt:123456789/148682","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/148682","pdf_url":"https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/bitstream/123456789/148682/1/Linguistic%20diversity%20and%20pedagogical%20practices%20in%20early%20childhood%20and%20primary%20education%20a%20systematic%20review%20of%20the%20literature.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400782","display_name":"OAR@UM (University of Malta)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I197854408","host_organization_name":"University of Malta","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197854408"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6a1a9be88ce84de3952ef7f6f834933a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6a1a9be88ce84de3952ef7f6f834933a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences, Vol 16, Iss 9, p 1362 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/educsci16091362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci16091362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738008561","display_name":"Education Sciences","issn_l":"2227-7102","issn":["2227-7102"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Education Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9901999831199646,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204115269.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204115269.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2076923345","https://openalex.org/W2790391691","https://openalex.org/W2806629273","https://openalex.org/W2885547589","https://openalex.org/W2901724277","https://openalex.org/W2905636842","https://openalex.org/W2908562035","https://openalex.org/W2915669837","https://openalex.org/W2948443076","https://openalex.org/W2950601140","https://openalex.org/W2953401937","https://openalex.org/W2971686270","https://openalex.org/W2990310851","https://openalex.org/W3004893519","https://openalex.org/W3008336045","https://openalex.org/W3010658263","https://openalex.org/W3036829226","https://openalex.org/W3042276998","https://openalex.org/W3083648242","https://openalex.org/W3090958686","https://openalex.org/W3099736653","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3119907878","https://openalex.org/W3136639133","https://openalex.org/W3138497748","https://openalex.org/W3158120054","https://openalex.org/W3160467298","https://openalex.org/W3192216322","https://openalex.org/W3197653773","https://openalex.org/W3202405438","https://openalex.org/W3210625084","https://openalex.org/W4206662735","https://openalex.org/W4206764072","https://openalex.org/W4220828245","https://openalex.org/W4230927891","https://openalex.org/W4285010938","https://openalex.org/W4292414479","https://openalex.org/W4293701213","https://openalex.org/W4308988627","https://openalex.org/W4312815683","https://openalex.org/W4315565730","https://openalex.org/W4319587137","https://openalex.org/W4324094515","https://openalex.org/W4327544431","https://openalex.org/W4366716580","https://openalex.org/W4379054493","https://openalex.org/W4381855851","https://openalex.org/W4382402369","https://openalex.org/W4385815922","https://openalex.org/W7162248143"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7215903209","https://openalex.org/W4411022126","https://openalex.org/W7215066488","https://openalex.org/W4394822700","https://openalex.org/W4408561027","https://openalex.org/W7205201653","https://openalex.org/W7203834101","https://openalex.org/W7118559060","https://openalex.org/W7039609666","https://openalex.org/W7162244179"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,217],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,60,85,107,213,221],"systematic":[4],"review":[5,56],"of":[6,62,82,87,146,224],"recent":[7],"literature":[8,39],"on":[9,91,116],"classroom":[10],"pedagogy":[11],"adopted":[12],"in":[13,22,47,50,94,102],"early":[14,23,51,95,240],"and":[15,25,45,52,73,75,97,114,119,126,132,139,152,155,158,172,178,191,202,206,231,241],"primary":[16,26,53,76,98,242],"education":[17,99],"to":[18,31,161,175,181,197,220,230],"address":[19],"linguistic":[20,118,149,233],"diversity":[21],"childhood":[24,96],"education.":[27],"The":[28,55],"study":[29],"aims":[30],"answer":[32],"the":[33,38,165,195],"research":[34],"question:":[35],"\u2018What":[36],"does":[37],"say":[40],"about":[41],"current":[42],"pedagogical":[43,92],"practices":[44,93,133],"trends":[46,142],"addressing":[48],"multilingualism":[49,211],"education?\u2019":[54],"synthesizes":[57],"evidence":[58],"from":[59],"period":[61],"five":[63],"years":[64],"(2019\u20132024),":[65],"utilising":[66],"keywords":[67],"such":[68],"as":[69,212],"\u201cmultilingualism,\u201d":[70],"\u201cclassroom":[71],"pedagogy,\u201d":[72],"\u201cearly":[74],"education.\u201d":[77],"From":[78],"an":[79],"initial":[80],"screening":[81],"806":[83],"studies,":[84],"total":[86],"46":[88],"studies":[89],"focusing":[90],"were":[100],"included":[101],"this":[103],"review.":[104],"Findings":[105],"highlight":[106],"shift":[108],"towards":[109],"multilingual":[110,125],"pedagogies":[111],"that":[112,134,209],"recognise":[113],"build":[115],"learners\u2019":[117,147],"cultural":[120],"strengths,":[121],"particularly":[122],"through":[123],"translanguaging,":[124],"multimodal":[127,153],"scaffolding,":[128],"culturally":[129],"responsive":[130],"teaching,":[131],"promote":[135],"student":[136],"agency,":[137],"identity,":[138],"well-being.":[140],"Emerging":[141],"emphasise":[143],"flexible":[144],"use":[145],"full":[148],"repertoires,":[150],"digital":[151],"learning,":[154],"more":[156],"formative":[157],"inclusive":[159],"approaches":[160],"assessment,":[162,177,205],"while":[163],"highlighting":[164,194],"need":[166,196],"for":[167,215,239],"sustained":[168],"teacher":[169,199],"professional":[170,200],"development":[171],"systemic":[173],"changes":[174],"curriculum,":[176,204],"language":[179,207],"policy":[180,192],"move":[182],"beyond":[183],"persistent":[184],"monolingual":[185],"norms.":[186],"These":[187],"findings":[188],"have":[189],"practical":[190],"implications,":[193],"strengthen":[198],"learning":[201],"develop":[203],"policies":[208],"embed":[210],"resource":[214],"learning.":[216],"synthesis":[218],"contributes":[219],"deeper":[222],"understanding":[223],"how":[225],"educational":[226,237],"systems":[227],"can":[228],"adapt":[229],"embrace":[232],"diversity,":[234],"ultimately":[235],"improving":[236],"outcomes":[238],"school-aged":[243],"learners.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}