{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204106076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","title":"Estimating the Curvature of Visual Space in Virtual Reality Using an Exocentric Pointing Task","display_name":"Estimating the Curvature of Visual Space in Virtual Reality Using an Exocentric Pointing Task","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204106076","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3821409.3821467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306417582","display_name":"ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204106076"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064034954","display_name":"Alexis P. Chambers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-4960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-4960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexis P Chambers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-4960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130868140","display_name":"Aliz\u00e9e Pinet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3347-2932","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3347-2932"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152507","display_name":"Laboratoire Math\u00e9matiques, Image et Applications","ror":"https://ror.org/01r0cs760","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152507","https://openalex.org/I78744979"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78744979","display_name":"La Rochelle Universit\u00e9","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv1z119","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78744979"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aliz\u00e9e Pinet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire Math\u00e9matiques, Image et Applications (MIA), La Rochelle Universit\u00e9, La Rochelle, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3347-2932","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire Math\u00e9matiques, Image et Applications (MIA), La Rochelle Universit\u00e9, La Rochelle, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387152507","https://openalex.org/I78744979"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001309954","display_name":"Evan G. Center","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4541-713X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4541-713X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evan Center","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4541-713X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis (CMVS), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043089012","display_name":"Timo Ojala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9811-6237","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9811-6237"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timo Ojala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9811-6237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065104734","display_name":"Steven M. LaValle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-2584","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-2584"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven LaValle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4841-2584","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Applied Computing (CAC), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046858690","display_name":"Nicoletta Prencipe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-8016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-8016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161663","display_name":"Institut de recherche math\u00e9matique de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/05y76vp22","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I2800285241","https://openalex.org/I28221208","https://openalex.org/I3124938446","https://openalex.org/I4210117091","https://openalex.org/I4210141950","https://openalex.org/I4210146044","https://openalex.org/I4210161663","https://openalex.org/I4399657933","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56067802","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes","ror":"https://ror.org/015m7wh34","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicoletta Prencipe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institut de Recherche Math\u00e9matique de Rennes, Universit\u00e9 de Rennes, Rennes, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-8016","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institut de Recherche Math\u00e9matique de Rennes, Universit\u00e9 de Rennes, Rennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161663","https://openalex.org/I56067802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.5845000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10427","display_name":"Visual perception and processing mechanisms","score":0.5845000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.21080000698566437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.08089999854564667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"virtual reality","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-perception","display_name":"distance perception","score":0.4390000104904175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131042201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q493198","display_name":"Endocentric and exocentric","level":4,"score":0.7330999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.621399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.5651000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5533999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.5444999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4982999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157498722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34929","display_name":"Three-dimensional space","level":2,"score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44609999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1365018","display_name":"Laser pointer","level":3,"score":0.44110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.41449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207363949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q462915","display_name":"Visual space","level":3,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153465967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718647","display_name":"Angular diameter","level":3,"score":0.3978999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146786541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157002","display_name":"Equilateral triangle","level":2,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65909025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945033","display_name":"Monocular","level":2,"score":0.3756999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.34209999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120174047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847073","display_name":"Euclidean distance","level":2,"score":0.32910001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108439606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3305038","display_name":"Angular displacement","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.30979999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985143356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426632","display_name":"Laser ranging","level":3,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200756006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336092","display_name":"Visual angle","level":2,"score":0.29670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184047640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182593","display_name":"Illusion","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129782007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162886","display_name":"Euclidean geometry","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985021205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual space","level":2,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79464548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q464794","display_name":"Minkowski space","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206776904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758389","display_name":"Mixed reality","level":3,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74261601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40112","display_name":"Ellipse","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3821409.3821467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306417582","display_name":"ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3821409.3821467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3821409.3821467","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306417582","display_name":"ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 ACM Symposium on Applied Perception","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511512893","https://openalex.org/W1544926996","https://openalex.org/W1967337463","https://openalex.org/W1974587377","https://openalex.org/W1978704631","https://openalex.org/W1993494259","https://openalex.org/W1996568456","https://openalex.org/W1999067904","https://openalex.org/W2002420769","https://openalex.org/W2006716900","https://openalex.org/W2027935272","https://openalex.org/W2029965686","https://openalex.org/W2037205197","https://openalex.org/W2040204507","https://openalex.org/W2044712236","https://openalex.org/W2048384065","https://openalex.org/W2069322165","https://openalex.org/W2085012694","https://openalex.org/W2104028403","https://openalex.org/W2107770994","https://openalex.org/W2126748206","https://openalex.org/W2153505091","https://openalex.org/W2167961468","https://openalex.org/W2312321818","https://openalex.org/W2742569683","https://openalex.org/W2755724047","https://openalex.org/W2929216981","https://openalex.org/W2964504206","https://openalex.org/W3163254272","https://openalex.org/W4224238525","https://openalex.org/W4311316798","https://openalex.org/W4353029387","https://openalex.org/W4389314055","https://openalex.org/W4409150568","https://openalex.org/W7131254017"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164862421","https://openalex.org/W2902075075","https://openalex.org/W4294300324","https://openalex.org/W4387250109","https://openalex.org/W3095815169","https://openalex.org/W4399144601","https://openalex.org/W4391807812","https://openalex.org/W4402401860","https://openalex.org/W1967981701","https://openalex.org/W4408546489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Human":[0],"perception":[1],"of":[2,10,35,54,82,97,123],"space":[3,36],"deviates":[4],"from":[5,69],"a":[6,18,24,46,49,56,104],"simple":[7],"Euclidean":[8,134],"representation":[9],"physical":[11],"reality.":[12],"In":[13],"this":[14],"study,":[15],"we":[16],"adapted":[17],"classic":[19],"exocentric":[20],"pointing":[21,87],"paradigm":[22],"to":[23,29,71,133],"Virtual":[25],"Reality":[26],"(VR)":[27],"environment":[28],"investigate":[30],"how":[31],"the":[32,75,80,83],"perceived":[33,98,130],"curvature":[34],"at":[37,79,89],"gaze":[38],"height":[39],"varies":[40],"with":[41,58,65],"distance.":[42],"Thirty":[43],"participants":[44],"performed":[45],"task":[47],"using":[48],"VR":[50],"headset,":[51],"which":[52],"consisted":[53],"aligning":[55],"pointer":[57],"targets":[59],"arranged":[60],"in":[61,112],"equilateral":[62],"triangular":[63],"configurations":[64],"side":[66],"lengths":[67],"ranging":[68],"2":[70],"20":[72],"m,":[73],"while":[74],"participant":[76],"was":[77,92],"positioned":[78],"barycenter":[81],"triangle.":[84],"The":[85,101],"angular":[86,110,126,136],"error":[88],"each":[90],"distance":[91],"interpreted":[93],"as":[94,131],"an":[95],"indicator":[96],"visual":[99],"curvature.":[100],"results":[102],"revealed":[103],"highly":[105],"significant":[106],"elliptic":[107],"effect":[108],"(positive":[109],"error)":[111,127],"near":[113],"space,":[114],"whereas":[115],"middle":[116],"and":[117,128],"far":[118],"distances":[119],"showed":[120],"no":[121],"evidence":[122],"hyperbolicity":[124],"(negative":[125],"were":[129],"closer":[132],"(null":[135],"error).":[137]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}