{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204086344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","title":"Mast Cell Activity in Periapical Granuloma and Periapical Cyst Using Toluidine Blue and Astra Blue Stains-A Comparative Histochemical Study","display_name":"Mast Cell Activity in Periapical Granuloma and Periapical Cyst Using Toluidine Blue and Astra Blue Stains-A Comparative Histochemical Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204086344","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","pdf_url":"https://ijirms.in/index.php/ijirms/article/view/2206/2206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174774","display_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","issn_l":"2455-8737","issn":["2455-8737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ijirms.in/index.php/ijirms/article/view/2206/2206","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045039032","display_name":"Deepa Mastammanavar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Deepa Mastammanavar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, Haveri Institute of Medical Sciences, Haveri, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, Haveri Institute of Medical Sciences, Haveri, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118115055","display_name":"Vanishree M","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086950","display_name":"Navodaya Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/000yesh06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Vanishree M","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur. Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur. Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066800128","display_name":"Anila Koneru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3404","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0771-3404"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086950","display_name":"Navodaya Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/000yesh06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Anila Koneru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051152100","display_name":"Vardendra Manvikar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086950","display_name":"Navodaya Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/000yesh06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Vardendra Manvikar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045679439","display_name":"H Aparna Latha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7073-2360","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7073-2360"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086950","display_name":"Navodaya Dental College and Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/000yesh06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. H Aparna Latha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Navodaya Dental College, Raichur, Karnataka, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147945235","display_name":"Dr. Vamshi Krishna Boyapati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. Vamshi Krishna Boyapati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Consultant Dentist, Department of Modern Medical Staff, Poornima Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Raichur. Karnataka, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Consultant Dentist, Department of Modern Medical Staff, Poornima Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Raichur. Karnataka, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066800128"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086950"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"08","first_page":"221","last_page":"228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10536","display_name":"Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10536","display_name":"Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments","score":0.5059000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11346","display_name":"Mast cells and histamine","score":0.27320000529289246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11787","display_name":"Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology","score":0.13009999692440033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mast-cells","display_name":"mast cells","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periapical-granuloma","display_name":"periapical granuloma","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radicular-cyst","display_name":"radicular cyst","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metachromatic-staining","display_name":"metachromatic staining","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mast-cell-quantification","display_name":"mast cell quantification","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/periapical-lesions","display_name":"periapical lesions","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endodontic-pathology","display_name":"endodontic pathology","score":0.5490000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histamine","display_name":"histamine","score":0.40400001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tryptase","display_name":"tryptase","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chymase","display_name":"chymase","score":0.9480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184710815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72428","display_name":"Metachromasia","level":3,"score":0.824400007724762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6855999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74864618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2332446","display_name":"Staining","level":2,"score":0.6585999727249146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.6477000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779262481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312373","display_name":"Toluidine","level":2,"score":0.6061000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779726688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191989","display_name":"Mast cell","level":2,"score":0.588100016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780140890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129338","display_name":"Granuloma","level":2,"score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781294515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2733470","display_name":"Stain","level":3,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152978389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q683073","display_name":"Vital stain","level":3,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780597408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193211","display_name":"Cyst","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909377838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389541","display_name":"Radicular Cyst","level":3,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125473707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9914","display_name":"H&E stain","level":3,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204232928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899285","display_name":"Immunohistochemistry","level":2,"score":0.2849999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994442579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42395","display_name":"Inflammatory cell","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54510867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2508462","display_name":"Oral and maxillofacial pathology","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781112085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q561","display_name":"Human tooth","level":3,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.26190000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26905121","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4941547","display_name":"Bone decalcification","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.25859999656677246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","pdf_url":"https://ijirms.in/index.php/ijirms/article/view/2206/2206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174774","display_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","issn_l":"2455-8737","issn":["2455-8737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.23958/ijirms/vol11-i08/2206","pdf_url":"https://ijirms.in/index.php/ijirms/article/view/2206/2206","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210174774","display_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","issn_l":"2455-8737","issn":["2455-8737"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204086344.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204086344.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W93884905","https://openalex.org/W1590182638","https://openalex.org/W1965040335","https://openalex.org/W1969116068","https://openalex.org/W1969331000","https://openalex.org/W1985988401","https://openalex.org/W1998533172","https://openalex.org/W2004134115","https://openalex.org/W2027572987","https://openalex.org/W2029106179","https://openalex.org/W2035379827","https://openalex.org/W2044503306","https://openalex.org/W2052217383","https://openalex.org/W2057309123","https://openalex.org/W2152509209","https://openalex.org/W2169349118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044503306","https://openalex.org/W2189555289","https://openalex.org/W2569880412","https://openalex.org/W2497785771","https://openalex.org/W4280553436","https://openalex.org/W2310875358","https://openalex.org/W6926135910","https://openalex.org/W2936462598","https://openalex.org/W2153004290","https://openalex.org/W2052217383"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Mast":[1,230],"cells,":[2],"comprising":[3,172],"up":[4],"to":[5,66,159,362,371],"29%":[6],"of":[7,24,107,122,143,164,169,175,181,338,376,383,389],"the":[8,22,85,104,120,141,207,212,252,325,377,381,387],"inflammatory":[9,391],"cell":[10,69,228,272,320,328,353,368,403],"population,":[11],"have":[12],"been":[13],"reported":[14],"in":[15,43,71,88,140,245,274,290,318,322,332,335,386,409],"periapical":[16,19,72,75,275,291,305,308,347,356,392],"granulomas":[17,73,276,306],"and":[18,32,45,59,74,91,97,110,128,132,145,152,178,195,223,239,251,265,283,298,307,341],"cysts.":[20,323],"Through":[21],"release":[23],"mediators":[25,404],"such":[26,410],"as":[27,188,199],"histamine,":[28],"heparin,":[29],"tryptase,":[30],"chymase,":[31],"basic":[33],"fibroblast":[34],"growth":[35],"factor,":[36],"mast":[37,68,86,115,123,227,271,319,327,352,367,384,402],"cells":[38,87,124,231,385],"play":[39],"a":[40,314,350],"significant":[41,316],"role":[42,382],"inflammation":[44,408],"tissue":[46,186,197],"remodeling.":[47],"Their":[48],"identification":[49,369],"is":[50],"reliably":[51],"achieved":[52],"using":[53,77,94,257,310],"metachromatic":[54,236],"stains":[55,100,113,312],"like":[56],"Toluidine":[57,95,108,221,372],"blue":[58,96,99,109,112,222,225,359],"Astra":[60,98,111,224,358],"blue.":[61,373],"The":[62,269,374],"present":[63,378],"study":[64,137,208,379],"aimed":[65],"evaluate":[67],"activity":[70],"cysts":[76,292,309,348],"these":[78,395],"staining":[79,105,237,342],"techniques.":[80],"Objective:":[81],"1.":[82],"To":[83,102,118],"stain":[84],"Periapical":[89,92,126,129,170,176,182],"granuloma":[90,127],"cyst":[93],"2.":[101],"compare":[103,119],"efficacy":[106],"for":[114,206,226,366],"cells.":[116],"3.":[117],"number":[121],"between":[125,304],"cyst.":[130],"Materials":[131],"Methods:":[133],"This":[134],"retrospective":[135],"Cross-sectional":[136],"was":[138,209,330,360],"conducted":[139],"Department":[142],"Oral":[144],"Maxillofacial":[146],"Pathology":[147],"at":[148],"Navodaya":[149],"Dental":[150],"College":[151],"Hospital,":[153],"Raichur,":[154],"India,":[155],"from":[156,211],"February":[157],"2024":[158],"June":[160],"2025.":[161],"A":[162],"total":[163],"80":[165],"cases":[166,174,180],"(15-50":[167],"years)":[168],"lesions":[171],"30":[173,179],"Granuloma":[177],"Cyst.":[183],"Chronic":[184],"tonsilitis":[185],"served":[187,198],"positive":[189],"controls":[190,201],"(10":[191,202],"cases),":[192],"Cleft":[193],"lip":[194],"palatal":[196],"negative":[200],"cases).":[203],"Ethical":[204],"clearance":[205],"obtained":[210],"Institutional":[213],"Ethics":[214],"Committee.":[215],"Tissue":[216],"sections":[217],"were":[218,232,240,254,277,294],"stained":[219],"with":[220],"identification.":[229],"identified":[233],"by":[234,260],"their":[235],"properties":[238],"quantified":[241],"under":[242],"light":[243],"microscopy":[244],"representative":[246],"high-power":[247],"fields":[248],"(\u00d7400":[249],"magnification).":[250],"data":[253],"statistically":[255,315],"analyzed":[256],"ANOVA,":[258],"followed":[259],"post":[261],"hoc":[262],"Dunnett\u2019s":[263],"t-test":[264],"unpaired":[266],"t-test.":[267],"Results:":[268],"mean":[270,326],"counts":[273],"52.6":[278],"\u00b1":[279,285,296,300],"18.1":[280],"(Astra":[281],"blue)":[282],"49.5":[284],"19.4":[286],"(Toluidine":[287],"blue),":[288],"whereas":[289],"they":[293],"71.1":[295],"31.7":[297],"69.9":[299],"26.5,":[301],"respectively.":[302],"Comparison":[303],"both":[311],"revealed":[313],"increase":[317],"count":[321,329,354],"Additionally,":[324],"higher":[331,351],"females":[333],"than":[334,355],"males,":[336],"irrespective":[337],"lesion":[339],"type":[340],"method.":[343],"Conclusion:":[344],"On":[345],"comparison,":[346],"demonstrated":[349],"granulomas.":[357],"found":[361],"be":[363],"more":[364],"specific":[365],"compared":[370],"findings":[375],"re-emphasize":[380],"pathogenesis":[388],"chronic":[390],"lesions.":[393,411],"Clinically,":[394],"results":[396],"suggest":[397],"that":[398],"therapeutic":[399],"strategies":[400],"targeting":[401],"may":[405],"help":[406],"modulate":[407]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}