{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204081611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","title":"Is generative artificial intelligence catalyzing a paradigmatic transformation in sport science? \u2013 Evidence from a mixed-methods systematic review","display_name":"Is generative artificial intelligence catalyzing a paradigmatic transformation in sport science? \u2013 Evidence from a mixed-methods systematic review","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204081611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948324","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13712261"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","pdf_url":"https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-78/pdf-58110-30?filename=118_05502_Article (1).pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48088588","display_name":"Biology of Sport","issn_l":"0860-021X","issn":["0860-021X","2083-1862"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320332","host_organization_name":"Termedia Publishing House","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Termedia Publishing House"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-78/pdf-58110-30?filename=118_05502_Article (1).pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147931670","display_name":"Shunfang Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunfang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113295848","display_name":"Yongyu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8245-4871","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8245-4871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongyu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056513145","display_name":"Yupeng Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-2510","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-2510"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187400657","display_name":"South China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01kq0pv72","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yupeng Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056513145"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187400657"],"apc_list":{"value":480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":480},"apc_paid":{"value":480,"currency":"USD","value_usd":480},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29088472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":null,"first_page":"1693","last_page":"1712"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.012500000186264515,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12260","display_name":"Educational Technology and Pedagogy","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-science","display_name":"sports science","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinesiology","display_name":"kinesiology","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-education","display_name":"physical education","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualized-training","display_name":"individualized training","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-rehabilitation","display_name":"exercise rehabilitation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-promotion","display_name":"health promotion","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-generated-content","display_name":"AI-generated content","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support","display_name":"decision support","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-ethics","display_name":"AI ethics","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-governance","display_name":"data governance","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-gap","display_name":"research gaps","score":0.335999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6539000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.539900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4991999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48159998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.4593000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37040001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2581000030040741}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","pdf_url":"https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-78/pdf-58110-30?filename=118_05502_Article (1).pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48088588","display_name":"Biology of Sport","issn_l":"0860-021X","issn":["0860-021X","2083-1862"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320332","host_organization_name":"Termedia Publishing House","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Termedia Publishing House"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13712261","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712261/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13712261/pdf/JBS-43-58110.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biol Sport","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42948324","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42948324","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology of sport","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2026.162050","pdf_url":"https://www.termedia.pl/Journal/-78/pdf-58110-30?filename=118_05502_Article (1).pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S48088588","display_name":"Biology of Sport","issn_l":"0860-021X","issn":["0860-021X","2083-1862"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320332","host_organization_name":"Termedia Publishing House","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320332"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Termedia Publishing House"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biology of Sport","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Systematic Review","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/systematic-review"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204081611.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204081611.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3035005937","https://openalex.org/W4295154874","https://openalex.org/W4395098303"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160959303","https://openalex.org/W7164816357","https://openalex.org/W7118019355","https://openalex.org/W7165611525","https://openalex.org/W4410756252","https://openalex.org/W7165640018","https://openalex.org/W7136587728","https://openalex.org/W4408392468","https://openalex.org/W7160516962","https://openalex.org/W7220816199"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"mixed-methods":[1],"systematic":[2],"review":[3],"synthesises":[4],"current":[5,175],"evidence":[6,176],"on":[7],"the":[8],"application":[9],"of":[10,30,88],"generative":[11],"artificial":[12],"intelligence":[13],"(GAI)":[14],"in":[15,95,105,147,169],"sport":[16,170],"and":[17,35,38,59,76,91,110,133,150,159,171,194,201],"exercise":[18,74,172],"science.":[19],"Following":[20],"PRISMA":[21],"guidelines,":[22],"64":[23],"eligible":[24],"studies":[25,120],"were":[26,83],"identified":[27],"from":[28],"Web":[29],"Science,":[31],"PubMed,":[32],"SPORTDiscus,":[33],"Scopus":[34],"other":[36],"sources,":[37],"methodological":[39,86],"quality":[40],"was":[41,49],"appraised":[42],"using":[43,51],"JBI":[44],"critical":[45],"appraisal":[46],"tools.":[47],"Evidence":[48],"integrated":[50],"bibliometric":[52],"mapping,":[53],"Latent":[54],"Dirichlet":[55],"Allocation":[56],"topic":[57],"modelling,":[58],"narrative":[60],"synthesis.":[61],"Findings":[62],"indicate":[63],"that":[64],"GAI":[65,99,163],"is":[66,177],"increasingly":[67],"applied":[68],"across":[69,143],"physical":[70],"education,":[71],"personalised":[72],"training,":[73],"rehabilitation,":[75],"health":[77],"promotion.":[78],"Two":[79],"dominant":[80],"research":[81,187],"trajectories":[82],"identified:":[84],"(i)":[85],"evaluation":[87],"GAI-generated":[89],"content":[90,106],"(ii)":[92],"application-oriented":[93],"deployment":[94],"real-world":[96,135],"practice.":[97],"Overall,":[98],"demonstrates":[100],"moderate":[101],"to":[102,155,179],"good":[103],"performance":[104],"generation,":[107],"guideline":[108],"adherence,":[109],"decision-support":[111],"efficiency,":[112],"particularly":[113],"under":[114],"structured,":[115],"high-information":[116],"prompting.":[117],"However,":[118],"most":[119],"remain":[121],"evaluative":[122],"or":[123,183],"exploratory,":[124],"with":[125],"limited":[126],"high-quality":[127],"randomised":[128],"trials,":[129],"short":[130],"intervention":[131],"durations,":[132],"insufficient":[134,178],"validation.":[136],"Persistent":[137],"limitations":[138],"include":[139],"inadequate":[140],"individualisation,":[141],"instability":[142],"outputs,":[144],"safety":[145],"concerns":[146],"high-risk":[148],"populations,":[149],"emerging":[151],"ethical":[152,203],"challenges":[153],"related":[154],"data":[156],"governance,":[157],"bias,":[158],"accountability.":[160],"In":[161],"conclusion,":[162],"represents":[164],"a":[165],"promising":[166],"adjunct":[167],"tool":[168],"science,":[173],"but":[174],"support":[180],"widespread":[181],"implementation":[182],"paradigm-level":[184],"change.":[185],"Future":[186],"should":[188],"prioritise":[189],"rigorous":[190],"experimental":[191],"designs,":[192],"clinically":[193],"performance-relevant":[195],"outcome":[196],"measures,":[197],"domain-specific":[198],"system":[199],"development,":[200],"robust":[202],"governance":[204],"frameworks.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-08-25T00:00:00"}
